Joint work is not shifted proximally after a long run in rearfoot strike runners     

Jake A. Melaro  Allison H. Gruber 《Journal of sports sciences》2021,39(1):78-83

ABSTRACT

Distal-to-proximal redistribution of joint work occurs following exhaustive running in recreational but not competitive runners but the influence of a submaximal run on joint work is unknown. The purpose of this study was to assess if a long submaximal run produces a distal-to-proximal redistribution of positive joint work in well-trained runners. Thirteen rearfoot striking male runners (weekly distance: 72.6 ± 21.2 km) completed five running trials while three-dimensional kinematic and ground reaction force data were collected before and after a long submaximal treadmill run (19 ± 6 km). Joint kinetics were calculated from these data and percent contributions of joint work relative to total lower limb joint work were computed. Moderate reductions in absolute negative ankle work (p = 0.045, Cohen’s d = 0.31), peak plantarflexor torque (p = 0.004, d = 0.34) and, peak negative ankle power (p = 0.005, d = 0.32) were observed following the long run. Positive ankle, knee and hip joint work were unchanged (p < 0.05) following the long run. These findings suggest no proximal shift in positive joint work in well-trained runners after a prolonged run. Runner population, running pace, distance, and relative intensity should be considered when examining changes in joint work following prolonged running.  相似文献   

乒乓球运动员膝关节损伤机制研究——对3种常用步法的膝关节负荷特征分析     

周星栋  肖丹丹  郭文霞  黄习梅  张晓栋 《中国体育科技》2020,(6):62-67

目的:了解不同性别乒乓球运动员完成并步、跳步、跨步3种常用步法时膝关节的负荷特征,并探析乒乓球运动员膝关节的损伤机制。方法:对乒乓球男、女各10名运动员完成3种常用步法动作时的下肢运动学、动力学数据进行采集和处理,并运用方差分析法比较不同性别、不同技术之间的差异。结果:受试者在完成3种步法过程中,膝关节屈角大致范围在20°~60°。当地面反作用力最大时,女运动员比男运动员表现出更小的外展角(P<0.05),跳步比并步和跨步表现出更小的外展角(P<0.05);在三维受力方面,膝关节受到垂直方向上的力最大,水平向后和向左的力次之,未表现出显著的性别差异和技术差异;在三维力矩方面,膝关节受到的伸膝力矩较大,也未表现出显著的性别差异和技术差异。结论:膝关节屈曲状态下,较大的地面反作用力和膝关节外展角易导致乒乓球运动员前交叉韧带损伤,女运动员的损伤风险小于男运动员,跳步的损伤风险小于并步和跨步;水平向后和向左的力易造成乒乓球运动员软骨和半月板损伤;过大的伸膝力矩易导致乒乓球运动员髌腱末端病和髌骨软化。  相似文献   

日韩武技现代化对我国学校武术的启示     

张长念  张长思 《武汉体育学院学报》2020,54(3):63-69,91

时至今日,武术仍未能很好地进入校园,其原因何在,如何从柔道、跆拳道、空手道的成功现代化和国际化当中寻求启发,成为紧迫论题。主要运用文献资料法,基于对学校武术历史、现状的反思和日韩武技现代化的启示,对我国学校武术的根本问题和根本方略做出探讨。研究认为,学校武术开展的现状不能实现中华民族赋予它的文化使命,日韩武技现代化的经验可为我们提供启示——将传统意义上的搏杀武技改造为一项现代文明搏击项目,该项目需满足几个趋势保证安全文明化、保持技击本质性、具有游戏趣味性、彰显民族独特性。在此基础上,做出武术以太极推手形式进入校园的提案。  相似文献   

乡村振兴战略下农村公共体育服务的协同治理研究——基于多元主体协同治理模型     

张文静  沈克印 《沈阳体育学院学报》2020,(3):35-42

农村公共体育服务作为农村体育中的基本组成部分,其发展与治理是实现乡村振兴的重要内容,是提升体育治理能力现代化和实现体育强国梦的必经之路。运用文献资料、专家访谈等研究方法,结合乡村振兴战略的时代背景,基于协同治理的基本理论,把握农村公共体育服务协同治理的现实动因,分析农村公共体育服务协同治理中存在的均等化供给落实不到位、服务管理体制结构失衡、市场经济模式功能缺失、农民需求表达体系欠缺等现实问题。通过构建农村公共体育服务多元主体协同治理模型,确保治理公正平等、完善政府职能结构、促进机制融合发展、激发需求主体活力等方面实现农村公共体育服务有效治理。  相似文献   

花样游泳运动员功能性动作能力与力量素质的相关性研究     

陈文佳  章碧玉  沈兆喆 《中国体育科技》2020,(2):71-80,F0003

目的:探讨我国优秀花样游泳运动员功能性动作能力与力量素质的相关性,分析功能动作筛查测试与力量素质测试结果存在的内在联系,从专项视角探讨花样游泳运动项目的训练策略并提出建议。方法:选取国家花样游泳队14名健将级运动员为研究对象,对其进行FMS、握力、上肢力量、股内收肌群力量、躯干核心耐力、下肢爆发力测试,并对测试结果进行相关性分析。结果:1)14名花样游泳运动员FMS测试平均得分为15.21分,有5人测试得分低于运动损伤高风险的临界值(14分);2)FMS测试总分与Keiser坐姿上推(偏相关系数=0.622,P<0.05)、45°股内收肌群横向收缩力量(偏相关系数=0.652,P<0.05)、90°股内收肌群横向收缩力量(偏相关系数=0.746,P<0.01)均呈正相关;3)直线弓步蹲与Keiser坐姿上推(偏相关系数=0.711,P<0.05)、无反向纵跳(偏相关系数=0.661,P<0.05)、有反向纵跳(偏相关系数=0.614,P<0.05)和40 cm跳深跳高(偏相关系数=0.754,P<0.01)均呈正相关;肩部灵活性测试得分与Keiser下蹲上推(偏相关系数=0.575,P<0.05)、45°股内收肌群横向收缩力量(偏相关系数=0.585,P<0.05)以及90°股内收肌群横向收缩力量(r=0.867,P<0.01)均呈正相关,与仰桥耐力呈负相关(偏相关系数=0.701,P<0.05);旋转稳定性与40 cm跳深跳高呈正相关(偏相关系数=0.575,P<0.05)。结论:我国优秀花样游泳运动员髋关节主动灵活性和臀大肌-髂胫束联合等肌群的主动柔韧性较好,但存在膝关节、髋关节稳定性差、躯干核心区肌群控制力不足等问题,受主导臂和主导腿均为右侧影响,运动员身体两侧不平衡明显。运动员FMS测试得分并不能全面反映其力量素质的高低,FMS测试得分与部分力量素质测试结果存在相关性,可能与两种测试均涉及同一动力链结构系统肌群的协同工作和动作存在做功类型的相似性有关。  相似文献   

Evaluating models of how morphological awareness connects to reading comprehension: A study in Portuguese     

Márcia Oliveira  Kyle C. Levesque  S. Hélène Deacon  Márcia Maria Peruzzi Elia da Mota 《Journal of Research in Reading》2020,43(2):161-179

  相似文献   

Teaching a blind student anatomy during the Covid-19 pandemic     

Georga J. Longhurst B.Sc. .  M.Sc.  P.G.Cert.H.B.E.  S.P.Cert.  F.H.E.A. 《Anatomical sciences education》2021,14(5):586-589

  相似文献   

Trajectories of Adjustment in a Brazilian Sample of Street-Involved Youth     

Rebeca Fernandes Ferreira Lima  Marcela Raffaelli  Normanda Araujo de Morais  Juliana P. Santana  Carlos J. Nieto  Silvia H. Koller 《Child development》2020,91(4):1237-1253

Trajectories of adjustment were examined in a sample of street-involved youth across a 1-year period. Participants (N = 113; M_age = 14.18 years; 80.5% male, 91% non-White) were recruited in three Brazilian cities. Interviews conducted at three time points included six measures of physical and psychological adjustment. Unconditional growth models revealed linear declines over time (i.e., improved adjustment) on three indicators: health symptoms, sexual risk behaviors, and negative affect. There were no linear changes in drug use, positive affect, or life satisfaction. Conditional growth models revealed few significant effects for age or gender, but ratings of stressful life events moderated longitudinal changes in health symptoms, drug use, and negative affect. Implications for practice, policy, and theory are discussed.  相似文献   

高职院校视唱练耳教学方法的创新整合实践——以晋城职业技术学院为例     

张良 《晋城职业技术学院学报》2021,(2)

高职院校视唱练耳教学追求课堂活动的生动性、教学内容的丰富性以及教学效果的实用性。笔者结合教学实践,从在系统的音乐分析中强化识谱训练、在旋律背唱中加强音高的准确性训练、在音乐旋律的听写中加强节奏训练、在多声部音乐中加强色彩性听辩训练4个方面,对高职院校视唱练耳教学进行了新的诠释,以期推进视唱练耳教学的创新发展。  相似文献   

Political Socialization of International Students: Public-Issue Discourse and Discussion on the College Campus     

Mizuki H. Wyant  Elizabeth H. Hurst  Justin Reedy 《Journal of Intercultural Communication Research》2020,49(4):372-393

ABSTRACT

This study examined international students’ interests in public issues in the U.S. and motivational factors behind their discourse or avoidance of such issues. In-depth interviews with international students revealed that they discuss certain public issues in the U.S. to gain or exchange information and knowledge, because these issues are relevant to themselves and others, or due to the misconceptions that others have about their country. Moreover, international students tend to avoid certain public issues because of the level of their knowledge and lack of interest in such issues and in order to avoid dissonance caused by the public issues.  相似文献