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《Information processing & management》2023,60(2):103224
Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly becoming the pivotal solution to support critical judgments in many life-changing decisions. In fact, a biased AI tool can be particularly harmful since these systems can contribute to or demote people’s well-being. Consequently, government regulations are introducing specific rules to prohibit the use of sensitive features (e.g., gender, race, religion) in the algorithm’s decision-making process to avoid unfair outcomes. Unfortunately, such restrictions may not be sufficient to protect people from unfair decisions as algorithms can still behave in a discriminatory manner. Indeed, even when sensitive features are omitted (fairness through unawareness), they could be somehow related to other features, named proxy features. This study shows how to unveil whether a black-box model, complying with the regulations, is still biased or not. We propose an end-to-end bias detection approach exploiting a counterfactual reasoning module and an external classifier for sensitive features. In detail, the counterfactual analysis finds the minimum cost variations that grant a positive outcome, while the classifier detects non-linear patterns of non-sensitive features that proxy sensitive characteristics. The experimental evaluation reveals the proposed method’s efficacy in detecting classifiers that learn from proxy features. We also scrutinize the impact of state-of-the-art debiasing algorithms in alleviating the proxy feature problem. 相似文献
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《Information processing & management》2023,60(2):103253
Scientific collaboration contributes to the innovation of science and technology. For individual scholars, it is valuable to find potential and valuable collaborators to improve the quality and quantity of research. Previous research mainly recommends collaborators by exploring one kind of relationship between authors, such as the research topics or co-authorship. Some research tries to utilize more relationships, but they simply integrate the recommendation results of different relationships rather than integrating them. This study proposes a novel Heterogeneous Network Embedding Recommendation (HNERec) model for scientific collaborator recommendation. The HNERec model employs a random walk to develop a heterogeneous network considering four kinds of meta-path illustrating the topic relationship, authorship, citation relationship, and venue relationship. It utilizes the skip-gram model to embed the nodes, and finally generates a recommendation list based on the similarity between the corresponding node vectors. Experiments on a DBLP dataset and an AMiner dataset demonstrate the reliability of the HNERec model. The HNERec model outperforms the mainstream collaborator recommendation baselines in metrics such as F1, MRR, and nDCG. The results can not only be applied to the selection of collaborators by individual scholars but also allow scientific and conference institutions to recommend collaborators. 相似文献
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《Information processing & management》2023,60(2):103246
With the increasing popularity of eSports, tourism marketers and scholars are particularly interested in the spillover effects of large sporting events, as well as the motivation to attend them. Using a demand-driven model, this study explores the intra- and inter-regional agglomeration economics of public and private investment in eSports events on the entire industry. This research focuses on the Pangyo Techno Valley in Gyeonggi province, which South Korea has developed into the most innovative IT cluster hub. This research defines the ecosystem of eSports events tourism, which includes electronics, communication and broadcasting, entertainment, and tour-related businesses. Moreover, the findings reveal that the eSports events sector has a relatively high ripple effect on the wholesale and retail trade, as well as food products and beverage industries. In terms of regional agglomeration externalities, this study presents empirical evidence on the spillover economic effect of the eSports events ecosystem. When designing and implementing smart tourism-related regulations, policymakers must take eSports events ecosystems into account. 相似文献
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《Information processing & management》2023,60(2):103228
The phenomenal spread of fake news online necessitates further research into fake news perception. We stress human factors in misinformation management. This study extends prior research on fake news and media consumption to examine how people perceive fake news. The objective is to understand how news categories and sources influence individuals' perceptions of fake news. Participants (N = 1008) were randomly allocated to six groups in which they evaluated the believability of news from three categories (misinformation, conspiracy, and correction news) coupled with six online news sources whose background (official media, commercial media, and social media) and expertise level varied (the presence or absence of a professional editorial team). Our findings indicated people could distinguish media sources, which have a significant effect on fake news perception. People believed most in conspiracy news and then misinformation included in correction news, demonstrating the backfire of correction news. The significant interaction effects indicate people are more sensitive to misinformation news and show more skepticism toward misinformation on social media. The findings support news literacy that users are capable to leverage credible sources in navigating online news. Meanwhile, challenges of processing correction news require design measures to promote truth-telling news. 相似文献
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[目的/意义]基于版权保护的演化博弈分析，有助于探究数字内容产品的原创主体对仿冒行为是否具有容忍度，以及不同仿冒水平下实施版权保护的策略选择，对规范数字内容产品市场主体行为具有一定指导意义。[方法/过程]首先借助演化博弈模型，分析原创主体与仿冒主体的利益演化过程，探究版权保护下原创主体对仿冒水平的容忍行为；然后通过细化博弈双方的利润函数模型，探究原创主体容忍度水平的决定因素。[结果/结论]原创主体对较小的仿冒水平存在一定的容忍度，对较高的仿冒水平零容忍。最大仿冒水平容忍度由仿冒交叉收益系数、收益模型常系数、产品研发成本系数和原创主体的产品研发努力水平倍数4个因素共同决定。 相似文献
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研究探讨了高绩效工作系统对团队创新绩效与员工幸福感的影响，以及员工感知的高绩效工作系统的中介作用和领导成员交换的调节作用。运用多层线性模型对经理与员工配对数据的研究表明：经理实施的高绩效工作系统对团队创新绩效、工作满意度及工作-生活平衡满意度有积极影响；员工感知的高绩效工作系统在经理实施的高绩效工作系统与工作满意度及工作-生活平衡满意度之间表现出部分中介作用；领导成员交换调节了经理实施的与员工感知的高绩效工作系统之间的关系；进而，领导成员交换调节了员工感知的高绩效工作系统对经理实施的高绩效工作系统与员工满意度的部分中介作用。 相似文献
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段涛 《邵阳学院学报(社会科学版)》2011,10(1):49-52
在目前中国房价居高不下的背景下,重庆市和上海市开始了房产税改革试点。这不仅仅是一个抛向楼市水池的试水石,更是促进政府职能转变,完善税制结构,稳定地方财政收入的有益尝试。当前我国涉及到房产税的问题很多,不仅包括宏观方面的税制结构,也包括微观层面的计税依据。文章探讨了一些关于现行房产税的问题,并提出了相关建议。 相似文献
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《教育规划纲要》颁布实施以来,我国博士生教育中的联合培养实践进入了快速发展的时期。科技政策领域的巴斯德象限模型为解释我国联合培养博士生工作的相关政策和发展动向提供了一个逻辑框架,从巴斯德象限模型的视角出发,对《教育规划纲要》实施十年以来我国国家层面推动的高校与(工程)科研院所联合培养博士生项目、协同创新中心项目、博士专业学位联合培养等实践开展及相关政策进行梳理总结,进一步提出我国联合培养博士生体系的象限模型,并据此分析我国联合培养博士生体系的核心向度与未来发展方向。 相似文献
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基于对528名知识员工的两阶段调查,探讨了角色压力对生活满意度的影响、家庭干涉工作的中介作用以及社会支持的调节作用。层次回归与调节路径分析结果表明:知识员工角色压力对其生活满意度不仅可以产生直接消极影响,而且当社会支持较低时,还会通过家庭干涉工作的完全中介作用产生间接消极影响;该作用机制具体表现为被调节的中介效应,即家庭干涉工作在角色压力与生活满意度之间的中介作用受到社会支持的负向调节,在较高社会支持水平下,家庭干涉工作对生活满意度的影响将不再显著,并且角色压力也不再通过家庭干涉工作的中介作用对生活满意度产生间接影响。 相似文献