Multimedia Effect in Problem Solving: A Meta-Analysis     

Hu  Liru  Chen  Gaowei  Li  Pengfei  Huang  Jing 《Educational Psychology Review》2021,33(4):1717-1747

Pictures are commonly used to represent problems. However, it is unclear how the addition of pictures affects students’ problem-solving performance. The multimedia effect in problem solving describes the phenomenon whereby an individual’s problem-solving performance is enhanced when equivalent pictures are added to illustrate or replace part of the problem text. Using meta-analytic techniques, this study sought to determine the overall size of the multimedia effect in problem solving and the possible boundary conditions (k = 51; N = 38,987; Range n = 10 – 31,842; Median n = 63). The results showed a significant small-to-medium multimedia effect size on response accuracy (Hedges’s g = 0.32) and a significant medium-to-large multimedia effect size on students’ response certainty (Hedges’s g = 0.74), but no significant multimedia effect on response time. The results for the effects of decorative pictures were not sufficient for a reliable interpretation. Representational (Hedges’s g = 0.24) and organizational (Hedges’s g = 0.52) pictures had a significant and positive impact on response accuracy, but informational or multiple pictures across studies did not have a significant aggregate effect on an individual’s response accuracy. These findings suggest that the multimedia effect in problem solving is diverse and limited by multiple boundary conditions. Further primary studies are needed to further investigate the multimedia effect in problem solving.

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关中民俗中的武术文化     

苗禾田 《咸阳师范学院学报》2011,26(1):92-94

陕西关中是我国武术发源地之一,武术文化已成为关中民俗的重要内容。其中,陕西红拳是陕西武术文化的代表拳种,具有鲜明的地方风格和特点,并涌现出一大批代表人物。关中除了流传红拳外,还有不少其它外来拳种流入,进一步丰富了关中的武术民俗文化内涵。  相似文献   

Effects of sodium ferulate on preventing steroid-induced femoral head osteonecrosis in rabbits     

Lei Tian  Xiao-qian Dang  Chun-sheng Wang  Pei Yang  Chen Zhang  Kun-zheng Wang 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2013,14(5):426-437

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects and possible mechanisms of sodium ferulate (SF) on anti-apoptosis in steroid-induced femoral head osteonecrosis in rabbits. Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups (control group, treatment group, and model group), each with 24 rabbits. The model and treatment groups were first injected with an intravenous dose of horse serum, 10 ml/kg, three weeks later with an intravenous dose of 7.5 ml/kg, and two weeks later with an intramuscular dose of methylprednisolone, 45 mg/kg, three times in order to establish rabbit models of osteonecrosis. Concurrently, the treatment group was injected with intravenous doses of SF 20 mg/kg for two weeks, once per day. Three time points, Weeks 2, 4, and 8, were selected after modeling was completed. Osteonecrosis was verified by histopathology with haematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The apoptosis rate of osteonecrosis was observed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. The apoptosis expressions of caspase-3 and Bcl-2 were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The rabbit models of osteonecrosis were successfully established and observed by HE staining. SF was effective in intervening in apoptosis and decreasing the apoptosis rate in femoral head necrosis by the immunohistochemistry and TUNEL assay (P<0.01). Western blot analysis indicated that there were statistical significances in the protein levels of caspase-3 and Bcl-2 (P<0.01). SF has a protective effect by reducing the incidence of early steroid-induced femoral head necrosis in rabbits, effectively intervening in apoptosis through decreasing caspase-3 expression and up-regulating Bcl-2 expression.  相似文献   

β-receptor blocker influences return of spontaneous circulation and chemical examination in rats during cardiopulmonary resuscitation     

Xiao-jing Zhao  Zhuo Pen  Ping Li  Er-xiu Chen  Jian Liu  Yan-xia Gao  Yun-xia Ren  Li-jun Li 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2013,14(6):505-510

Objective

We investigated the influence of β-receptor blocker metoprolol on return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in rats with induced myocardial infarction (MI).

Methods

Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: the sham-operated group, the MI group without metoprolol, which was fed the vehicle, and the MI+metoprolol group receiving intragastric metoprolol. Each group was further divided randomly into three subgroups, depending on the dosage of epinephrine administered during subsequent CPR applied after the induction of asphyxial cardiac arrest.

Results

The ROSC rate was significantly decreased in the low dose subgroup of MI group, unchanged in the medium dose subgroup of MI group, and significantly decreased in the high dose subgroup of MI group, compared with the same dose subgroup of sham-operated group. MI+metoprolol group had a lower ROSC rate than MI group in the medium dose subgroup, and a higher ROSC rate than MI group in the high dose subgroup. There was no difference in blood K⁺ values of successful rats between MI group and MI+metoprolol group. The rats with successful CPR had lower blood K⁺ values than rats with unsuccessful CPR in each of the three treatment groups.

Conclusions

Metoprolol administered to MI rats over a long period significantly improved ROSC rates under an appropriate dose of epinephrine during CPR. An increasing high blood K⁺ value would attenuate the rate of a successful CPR.  相似文献   

南水北调中线水源区水土保持对基层政府公信力的影响分析     

张武俊  ;王艳  ;雷淑珍 《未来与发展》2014,(7):28-32

水土保持工程的实施对陕西水源区的经济、社会和生态环境影响深远。作为水源区基层政府的重要工作内容,水保工程的实施,治理了水源区的非点源污染,改善了水源区的生态环境,促进了水源区的产业结构发生战略性调整。南水北调中线水源区水土保持从政府亲和力、政府服务力、政府执行力三个方面提升了基层政府公信力。  相似文献   

赵堡太极拳“五需”妙义析     

李全海  王英杰  刘文碧 《中华武术(研究)》2021,(3):89-91

本研究以《太极拳正宗论五字妙诀》为蓝本,从笔者赵堡太极拳修炼实际出发,研究认为,"心静、身灵、气敛、劲整、神聚"的诀要首在其十个字的"五需"要求,这是太极拳的修炼基准与境界达成的前提和妙引。因此,基于"妙诀全文",给出了"五需"的"义解",以便助益于修炼体认与理解。  相似文献   

我国农村居民最低生活保障制度资金的供给与监管     

李杰  陈改玲  李梦泽 《渭南师范学院学报》2009,24(3):28-31

我国农村居民最低生活保障制度作为农村社会的最后一道安全网,其资金是制度建设中最关键因素。从资金的供给来看：供给总量和覆盖面呈逐年上升趋势;供给主体逐步转由中央、地方政府共同负担;供给渠道主要是由中央地方政府分级负担,同时大力吸纳社会资金。从资金的监管来看,政府应该从资金的使用效率、运作程序方面来实施监管,同时考虑到法律、行政部门和社会多方面因素,以强化政府监管责任,使农村低保居民受益。  相似文献   

科技期刊约稿的实践与对策——以《中国儿童保健杂志》为例     

雷晓梅  杨媛媛  李少闻 《编辑学报》2015,27(6):595-597

期刊要具特色,成功约到高质量的稿件是关键.本文根据《中国儿童保健杂志》近6年的约稿实践,论述约稿的前期准备、约稿中的技巧及策略,以及约稿的编辑加工,并提出相应的对策.  相似文献   

高职计算机实践教学运行模式初探——基于工作过程的“项目化”实训教学模式     

李倩  汪忠印 《中国科教创新导刊》2014,(11):156-156,158

计算机实践教学在计算机教学中占有重要地位,实训教学质量的高低,直接影响着计算机教学的成败.随着计算机技术的发展及在各行业的广泛应用,传统的计算机实践教学模式已不能满足要求,本文对基于工作过程的“项目化”实训教学运行模式及应注意的问题进行了初步探索.  相似文献   

小组教学模式在超声引导臂丛神经阻滞教学中的应用     

马磊  田俊斌  罗斌  赵静  张会娟  吕建瑞 《科教导刊》2020,(3):158-159

在临床麻醉实习医师超声引导臂丛神经阻滞教学过程中,为了探究小组教学模式的应用价值,选取48名麻醉实习医师,随机其分为对照组和小组教学模式组,每组24例.与对照组相比,小组教学模式组实习医师的理论考核成绩、临床操作技能评分以及带教满意度均显著增高.因此,在超声引导臂丛神经阻滞教学中,小组教学模式应用效果良好,值得在临床教学中推广和应用.  相似文献