No harmless child labor: The effect of child labor on academic achievement in francophone Western and Central Africa     

《International Journal of Educational Development》2021

This study empirically examines the effect of child labor on academic achievement in 10 francophone Western and Central African countries. The data were taken from the Programme d’Analyse des Systèmes Educatifs de la CONFEMEN and comprised characteristics of 25,288 grade six students across 1803 schools. Two-stage least squares analysis highlights that child labor undermines academic achievement regardless of subject, gender, and age. It lowers reading and mathematics scores for both genders and for children under 12 and over 13 years. Child labor therefore hinders human capital accumulation in African countries, and it takes place at the cost of future prosperity.  相似文献   

Diversity Literary Awards: A Tool for Assessing an Academic Library’s Collection     

Laurel Kristick 《资料收集管理》2020,45(2):151-161

Abstract

Diversity literary awards and other sources were used to create a list of high-quality titles written by and about underrepresented groups. This list was used to assess the diversity and inclusiveness of the library collections of a land-grant university in the Pacific Northwest and compare it to peer institutions. Gaps in the collection and acquisition processes were identified and will be used to improve the processes to increase the number of diverse titles added to the library’s collections.  相似文献   

Health-related fitness knowledge growth in middle school years: Individual- and school-level correlates     

Xihe Zhu  Justin A. Haegele  Haichun Sun 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2020,9(6):664-669

BackgroundHealth-related fitness knowledge (HRFK) has been an essential concept for many health and physical education programs. There has been limited understanding and longitudinal investigation on HRFK growth. This longitudinal study examined HRFK growth and its individual- and school-level correlates in middle school years under 1 curriculum condition: Five for Life.MethodsParticipants were 12,044 students from 47 middle schools. Data were collected at both individual/participant and school/institution levels. Individual-level variables included gender, grade, and HRFK test scores. School-level variables included percentage of students receiving free and reduced meals (FARM), student-to-faculty ratio for physical education, and school academic performance (SAP). We used hierarchical linear modeling to examine HRFK 3-year growth in relation to individual- and school-level correlates.ResultsThe average HRFK score at 6th grade for females was 42.81% ± 1.32%. The predicted HRFK growth was 17.06% ± 1.02% per year, holding other factors constant. A 1-standard deviation increase in FARM correlated with a 14.68%-point decrease in predicted test score (p = 0.02). A 1-standard deviation increase in SAP was associated with an 11.90%-point increase in HRFK score. Males had a significantly lower growth rate than females during the middle school years (0.78%/year, p = 0.02).ConclusionThe result showed that both individual- and school-level variables such as gender, FARM, and SAP influenced HRFK growth. Educators should heed gender differences in growth curves and recognize the correlates of school-level variables.  相似文献   

“成功教学法”对大学生身体素质影响的研究     

黄苑玲  邹小驹 《当代体育科技》2020,(10):182-183

在体育教学过程当中采用的成功教学法,亦称为成功体育教学法,是一个将学生被动参与变成主动参与的学习过程。本研究探讨在体育教学过程中使用成功教学法对学生身体素质发展的影响,研究表明:与传统教学法相比,成功教学法在激发学生参与体育活动的热情,培训学生参与体育锻炼的兴趣和习惯,从而达到增强学生体质方面的效果更为显著。  相似文献   

新时代背景下河南省优质高等教育资源配置研究     

《信阳师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版)》2018,(5):56-60

优质高等教育是一个国家和地区发展的重要引擎。坚持以人民为中心的发展思想,不断满足人民日益增长的享受优质高等教育的需要,是高等教育应该承担的社会责任。河南是一个人口大省和经济大省,但优质高等教育资源不足。基于对河南省高等教育历史的梳理和现状的分析,河南省要增加优质高等教育资源应创新高等教育投入体制,重点建设一批高水平大学,引进国内外优质高等教育资源,优化高等教育省内布局结构等措施,提升高等教育支撑创新驱动的能力,推动河南省由高等教育大省向高等教育强省转变。  相似文献   

振动训练对运动员身体素质的影响     

王艳伟  梁成军 《当代体育科技》2020,(7):54-56

目的:振动训练是一种新兴的的训练方式,现阶段已经得到了较为广泛的应用。本文主要通过对现有振动训练研究进行总结概括,旨在探讨振动训练对运动员身体素质的影响。方法:主要采用文献资料法,通过知网、万方、维普等中文期刊数据库检索查阅前人实验研究文献,并对其结论进行总结归纳。结论:通过振动训练可以促进肌肉力量的增长以及肌肉爆发力的增长,对力量素质发展有积极的促进作用;振动训练可以有效提高运动员肌肉爆发力,对速度素质发展有促进作用;振动训练可以增强心肺功能以及肌肉耐力水平,可提高运动员的耐力素质;振动训练可以提高肌肉及韧带的伸展性对运动员柔韧素质发展有着较好的影响,有学者认为振动训练对柔韧素质没有影响。  相似文献   

数字图书馆信息服务的融合与创新——基于2019年JCDL年会论文的综述     

梁少博  吴丹 《图书情报知识》2020,(3):97-108

[目的/意义]本文通过对2019年国际数字图书馆联合会议(Joint Conference on Digital Library,JCDL)的录用论文进行整体回顾,梳理了本届年会的最新研究成果与学科发展动态,以助国内图情领域学者更好地了解本届年会成果,把握国际数字图书馆领域研究的前沿热点问题。[研究设计/方法]采用文献综述的方法进行研究。[结论/发现]本届年会更加关注数字图书馆如何通过多源数据的融合、数字人文馆藏资源的利用等实现信息服务深度融合;数字图书馆如何通过海量大数据挖掘与利用、用户行为分析提升其服务水平;如何通过对学术文本资源深入挖掘,实现信息计量学在学术评审、学术评价等方面的创新应用。[创新/价值]本文揭示了国际数字图书馆领域的最新发展态势,展望了未来数字图书馆领域的学术前沿方向。  相似文献   

基于卡诺模型的移动云存储服务质量要素分类研究     

万莉  崔紫芳  程慧平 《现代情报》2019,39(11):98

[目的/意义] 构建移动云存储服务质量评价指标体系，对移动云存储服务的不同质量要素进行分类，为促进移动云存储服务质量改进与提高提供参考。[方法/过程] 从技术质量、功能质量、交互质量、环境质量4个维度构建移动云存储服务质量评价指标体系，运用Kano模型对移动云存储服务质量要素进行分类，借助SII-DDI象限矩阵将服务质量要素进行决策优先级排序。[结果/结论] 研究发现：在20个质量要素中，2个为基本质量要素，8个为期望质量要素，4个为魅力质量要素，6个为无谓质量要素。决策优先级最低的是系统完善性和用户指南，最高的是系统响应性，其次是系统可靠性、安全保障、网络泛在性和设备反应速率。为提高用户满意度，移动云存储服务提供商需不断调查了解并尽可能满足用户的基本质量要素需求，重点提高环境要素中的期望质量要素，积极寻找发掘并提升改进用户的魅力质量要素需求。  相似文献   

中国传统产业继承对创新质量的影响研究          下载免费PDF全文

张东婷  宋傲男  袁红梅 《科研管理》2019,40(2):1-11

摘要 为研究科学与现有技术对中国传统产业技术创新质量的影响，促进传统产业对科学和现有技术的继承。本文以中药上市企业的中药专利数据为样本，使用零膨胀负二项回归和突变级数法，从静态和动态两个维度分析了中药继承对创新质量影响。发现专利引文数量对创新质量有稳健的消极影响，跨技术领域引证2004年后对创新质量有积极影响，科学引文数量对创新质量随时间由消极影响转变为积极影响，技术标准和古代医药典籍在2003-2004年对创新质量有积极影响，现代医药图书在整体上对创新质量有积极影响。  相似文献   

Patent claims and patent scope     

《Research Policy》2019,48(9):103790

Patent scope is one of the important aspects in the debates over “patent quality.” The purported decrease in patent quality over the last decade or two has supposedly led to granting patents of increased breadth, decreased clarity, and questionable validity (in part due to over-breadth). Such patents allegedly diminish the incentives for innovation due to increased transaction costs in the market for technology, more frequent disputes and litigation, trolling behavior, and breakdowns in bargaining. This paper focuses on the patent examination process at the PTO, highlighting the relationship between patent scope and the patent examination process. We develop and validate two measurements of patent scope: independent claim length and independent claim count. These metrics—in contrast to other measurements of patent scope—can be calculated before and after examination and enable us to provide the first large-scale analysis of trends in patent scope changes during the examination process. Our results show that applications with narrower scope are associated with a higher probability of grant and a shorter and less intense examination period in comparison to applications with broader scope. Further, we find that the examination process itself tends to narrow the scope of patents relative to the scope at filing, and that the changes are more significant when the duration and intensity of examination is increased. We explain our metrics and make our data available in a public use dataset, which we hope will encourage more research in the evaluation of patent scope, patent examination, and patent quality more broadly.  相似文献