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1.
Researching Internet Communities: Proposed Ethical Guidelines for the Reporting of Results 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Storm A. King 《The Information Society》1996,12(2):119-128
Communication researchers and social scientists are quickly discovering the value of data that exists in the postings of members of Internet e-mail, Usenet, and real-time groups. The ability to communicate with one's peers, no matter how esoteric the interests, is causing an explosion in the number of new virtual communities. The interpersonal dynamics of these groups are increasingly coming under the scrutiny of academic research. The publicly available archived records of Internet virtual communities are being analyzed for a wide variety of research interests. The ability to do naturalistic observations of group dynamics, as they are exhibited in these exchanges of text, has captured the attention of many researchers. The institutional review boards of major universities are granting researchers exempt or expedited (exempt from full review) status for this work, due to the public nature of the notes being analyzed. These studies often involve the lack of informed consent, where the group members under study are unaware they are being monitored. There is a potential for psychological harm to the members of these groups, depending on the way results are reported. This article explores the ethical considerations that must be taken into account to protect cyberspace participants. The guidelines proposed are based on the American Psychological Association ethical guidelines for use of human subjects in research. An explanation is offered as to how such guidelines can best be applied to the study of Internet communities. The constructs of Group Accessibility (the public/private nature of the actual cyberspace occupied by a group) and Perceived Privacy (the level of privacy that group members assume they have) are defined and proposed as two dimensions by which individual Internet communities may be evaluated in order to assure the ethical reporting of research findings. 相似文献
2.
Jonathan Kroll 《Mentoring & Tutoring: Partnership in Learning》2017,25(1):78-96
Effective mentorship, due to the developmental nature of the experience, hinges upon the people involved—specifically, the personal characteristics of the mentoring collaborators. In this paper, the author explored requisite participant characteristics for peer group mentoring. One dozen executive-level professional women shared their stories-of-experience as participants in peer mentoring groups. A thematic analysis was utilized to investigate the narrative data from these interviews. Findings suggest that these participant characteristics include (a) an intrinsic interest; (b) a learning disposition; (c) a commitment to the mentoring experience; (d) comfortability with vulnerability and having the courage to share struggles; and (e) an inherent desire to support others in their learning, growth, and development. 相似文献
3.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(4):492-516
Studies of online environments estimate that the majority of members in online forums do not contribute to ongoing discussions and only observe or “lurk” (e.g., Nonnecke & Preece, 2000). Despite the prevalence of this form of information acquisition, direct comparisons between the experiences of these “observers” (or “lurkers”) and active participants are lacking. The present research draws on previous research examining perceptual differences between participants and observers as well as social information processing theory (Walther, 1992) and reports on three studies examining such differences in computer-mediated communication (CMC). Study 1 examined the effects in the context of interpersonal interaction in synchronous CMC. Study 2 examined the effects in the context of group interaction in both synchronous and asynchronous CMC. Study 3 replicated and extended the results of the previous studies across two time periods. The overall results (a) support the presence of participant–observer differences in CMC, (b) show that the presence of anticipated future interaction moderates said differences, and (c) provide mixed evidence that participant and observer interpretations of relational messages converge over time. 相似文献
4.
刘冬雨 《中国教育发展研究杂志》2007,4(12):141-142
新课引入对整个课堂教学有着至关重要的影响。大多数比较好的引入环节，一般都渗透有启发性、情景性、趣味性、实用性、参与性等多个因素。文章就这些因素在初中物理课引入环节中的运用作了阐述． 相似文献
5.
《Sport Management Review》2020,23(2):256-270
The purpose of this study is to develop a comprehensive understanding of consumer experiences in participant sport events. The authors explored two traditionally prominent components (i.e., service quality and perceived economic value) and one emerging factor (i.e., athletic goal achievement) of consumer experiences at participant sport events. The authors examined the effects of these three factors on re-participation intention and the effect of athletic goal achievement on future exercise intention. Results of moderated serial mediation analyses based on data from a sample of marathon runners (N = 3186), all three factors exerted significant effects on re-participation intention. In particular, athletic goal achievement was positively associated with re-participation intention and future exercise intention through the serial mediation of performance satisfaction and overall event satisfaction. However, the moderating effects of athletic goal importance on the serial indirect relationship between athletic goal achievement and two outcome variables (i.e., re-participation intention and future exercise intention) were not significant. The findings of this study offer participant sport service providers with insights to manage participants’ athletic performance, service quality, and perceived economic value for better consumer experiences. Such efforts should result in higher participant satisfaction, better retention rates, and a higher post-event physical activity level. 相似文献
6.
任瑞羾 《黄冈职业技术学院学报》2014,(1):56-58
参与观察法是田野调查的最基本方法,而田野调查是人类学研究和民族学研究的重要内容和途径。可以说,脱离了田野工作的人类学和民族学研究是没有个别访谈或缺少实地田野资料作为支撑的“安乐椅”式的理论研究,而没有参与观察法在田野调查中的运用,田野调查也不能成为人类学和民族学研究中的重要内容。这三者之间存在着相互作用、互为依托的密切关系。 相似文献
7.
Yuhei Inoue Caroline Heffernan Taku Yamaguchi Kevin Filo 《Sport Management Review》2018,21(2):202-218
In this mixed methods research, the authors examine a unique type of small-scale event – a charity-affiliated sport event – and define and measure its social and charitable impacts as perceived by residents. Findings from interviews (N = 37) and surveys (N = 459) with residents indicated that the event’s social impacts can be defined by its capacity to develop social capital, enhance collective identity and pride, and promote sport, health, and well-being. Three types of charitable impacts also emerged, including empathy for cause, informational support, and tangible support. Of them, empathy for cause, which addresses a central social issue in the host community, had the strongest association with residents’ perceptions of social impacts. These results provide evidence of a variety of positive impacts that a charity-affiliated sport event has on a community, which can be used to bolster appeals for corporate sponsorship and government support to assist in event delivery. 相似文献
8.
Sofia Johnson Frankenberg Rolf Holmqvist Birgitta Rubenson Camilla Rindstedt 《International Journal of Educational Development》2012
This study presents findings from analyses of naturally occurring literacy events, where children jointly focus on reading and writing letters of the alphabet, illustrating social constructions of learning created through language and embodied action. Video recorded data from two different families living in an urban low-income area in Tanzania is presented to illustrate the findings. The analysis shows how participation frameworks are negotiated in terms of symmetries and asymmetries between younger and older siblings with both older and younger siblings initiating these frameworks: older siblings using different directives to guide the younger child's focus of attention and younger children both following and resisting such strategies. 相似文献
9.
UML是用于描述、可视化和构架软件系统以及商业建模的标准语言,它的应用是以系统的开发流程为背景的。不同的组织、不同的应用领域需要不同的开发过程,软件系统的开发流程中,需求分析是其中决定性的一步。本文的主旨就在于探讨如何将UML应用于软件的需求分析阶段,并以"网上花店系统"为例进行了UML建模。 相似文献
10.
A Study of Disciplinary, Structural, and Behavioral Effects on Course Outcomes in Online MBA Courses
This article reports the results of a 2‐year study examining the effects of subject matter, course structure, and participant behaviors on students' perceived learning and satisfaction with delivery medium in Web‐based courses of an MBA program in the midwestern United States. Using finance as the referent discipline, we found statistically significant differences in the mean course outcomes (students' perceived learning and satisfaction with delivery medium) associated with 13 business disciplines. Although most of these disciplinary differences ceased to be significant predictors of student perceived learning as structural and behavioral characteristics were incorporated into the model, these differences remained significant predictors of perceived delivery medium satisfaction. We also found that some structural and behavioral characteristics were significant predictors of course outcomes, but in opposite directions. For instance, media variety was a positive predictor of delivery medium satisfaction but a negative predictor of perceived learning, while learner–learner interaction positively predicted perceived learning but negatively predicted delivery medium satisfaction. These findings suggest that instructors of online graduate courses must manage trade‐offs in balancing students' learning with their perceptions of the internet as a course delivery medium. 相似文献