Information retrieval in the workplace: A comparison of professional search practices     

Tony Russell-Rose  Jon Chamberlain  Leif Azzopardi 《Information processing & management》2018,54(6):1042-1057

Legal researchers, recruitment professionals, healthcare information professionals, and patent analysts all undertake work tasks where search forms a core part of their duties. In these instances, the search task is often complex and time-consuming and requires specialist expertise to identify relevant documents and insights within large domain-specific repositories and collections. Several studies have been made investigating the search practices of professionals such as these, but few have attempted to directly compare their professional practices and so it remains unclear to what extent insights and approaches from one domain can be applied to another. In this paper we describe the results of a survey of a purposive sample of 108 legal researchers, 64 recruitment professionals and 107 healthcare information professionals. Their responses are compared with results from a previous survey of 81 patent analysts. The survey investigated their search practices and preferences, the types of functionality they value, and their requirements for future information retrieval systems. The results reveal that these professions share many fundamental needs and face similar challenges. In particular a continuing preference to formulate queries as Boolean expressions, the need to manage, organise and re-use search strategies and results and an ambivalence toward the use of relevance ranking. The results stress the importance of recall and coverage for the healthcare and patent professionals, while precision and recency were more important to the legal and recruitment professionals. The results also highlight the need to ensure that search systems give confidence to the professional searcher and so trust, explainability and accountability remains a significant challenge when developing such systems. The findings suggest that translational research between the different areas could benefit professionals across domains.  相似文献   

教学评估量规的编制及应用     

唐玉霞  马兰 《远程教育杂志》2011,29(6):88-93

量规本质上是一套标准或准则,它包含了评价准则、等级标准和具体说明三个基本要素,旨在创设一个连续体来说明特定主题在不同层次上的知识和技能状况。教育心理学研究与课程改革研究专家均极力倡导采用不同的量规编制方式。通过确定难度不同的学习目标、设计一般性量规和用学生易于接受的形式改写量规的三个步骤,可以编制出一个严格的量规来弥补百分制分数体系在评价中的弊端。此外,教师不仅可以借助量规来设计各种评估并进行评分,并将各种评估转化成量规形式加以解释,还可以从量规的角度帮助学生制定学习进展图,促进他们的学习。  相似文献   

基于Oracle Spatial的空间查询技术及其优化     

熊雷 《教育技术导刊》2008,7(8):7-9

从Oracle Spatial的空间查询分析出发,结合实例分析了它的查询模型、空间算子以及常用的空间函数,最后给出了Oracle Spatial中空间查询的优化建议。  相似文献   

分布式文献数据库查询系统的构建及分析     

吴志强 《情报科学》2004,22(10):1254-1256,1260

针对目前网上文献查询遇到的问题，本文探讨把多个分散的文献数据库联合起来，构建一个分布式文献数据库查询系统。经分析，该系统能够大大减少用户的通讯代价和数据处理时间，而且，把查询数据存储起来．，建立自身的查询记录数据库，能够进一步减少查询代价。该系统构建简单，具有应用与推广意义。  相似文献   

Improving the learning of Boolean queries by means of a multiobjective IQBE evolutionary algorithm     

O. Cordón  E. Herrera-Viedma  M. Luque 《Information processing & management》2006

The Inductive Query By Example (IQBE) paradigm allows a system to automatically derive queries for a specific Information Retrieval System (IRS). Classic IRSs based on this paradigm [Smith, M., & Smith, M. (1997). The use of genetic programming to build Boolean queries for text retrieval through relevance feedback. Journal of Information Science, 23(6), 423–431] generate a single solution (Boolean query) in each run, that with the best fitness value, which is usually based on a weighted combination of the basic performance criteria, precision and recall.  相似文献   

SDQE: towards automatic semantic query optimization in P2P systems     

Xing Zhu  Hualiang Cao  Yong Yu 《Information processing & management》2006

Conventional information retrieval technology (i.e. VSM) faces many difficulties when being implemented in complex P2P systems for the lack of global statistic information (e.g. IDF) and central services. In this paper, we suggest a novel query optimization scheme (Semantic Dual Query Expansion, SDQE) that makes full use of the context information supplied by the local document collection. Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI) is used to explore the local context information. By comparing the different local context information hidden in different document collections, it is possible to solve the synonymy–polysemy problem in VSM. The experiments prove that our scheme is effective to improve the retrieval performance in P2P systems without knowing the global statistic information.  相似文献   

Query expansion with terms selected using lexical cohesion analysis of documents     

Olga Vechtomova  Murat Karamuftuoglu 《Information processing & management》2007

We present new methods of query expansion using terms that form lexical cohesive links between the contexts of distinct query terms in documents (i.e., words surrounding the query terms in text). The link-forming terms (link-terms) and short snippets of text surrounding them are evaluated in both interactive and automatic query expansion (QE). We explore the effectiveness of snippets in providing context in interactive query expansion, compare query expansion from snippets vs. whole documents, and query expansion following snippet selection vs. full document relevance judgements. The evaluation, conducted on the HARD track data of TREC 2005, suggests that there are considerable advantages in using link-terms and their surrounding short text snippets in QE compared to terms selected from full-texts of documents.  相似文献   

Optimization of some factors affecting the performance of query expansion     

Young Mee Chung  Jae Yun Lee 《Information processing & management》2004,40(6):29

This paper examines the factors affecting the performance of global query expansion based on term co-occurrence data and suggests a way to maximize the retrieval effectiveness. Major parameters to be optimized through experiments are term similarity measure and the weighting scheme of additional terms. The evaluation of four similarity measures tested in query expansion reveal that mutual information and Yule's Y, which emphasize low frequency terms, achieve better performance than cosine and Jaccard coefficients that have the reverse tendency. In the evaluation of three weighting schemes, similarity weight performs well only with short queries, whereas fixed weights of approximately 0.5 and similarity rank weights were effective with queries of any length. Furthermore, the optimal similarity rank weight achieving the best overall performance seems to be the least affected by test collections and the number of additional terms. For the efficiency of retrieval, the number of additional terms needs not exceed 70 in our test collections, but the optimal number may vary according to the characteristics of the similarity measure employed.  相似文献   

我国非营利组织的绩效考核指标体系设计研究   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

仲伟周  曹永利  Shunfeng SONG 《科研管理》2006,27(3):116-122,74

本文通过绩效指标考核体系性质与功能的充分描述,揭示了我国非营利组织建立绩效考核指标体系的客观必然性;本文在针对当前我国非营利组织绩效体系存在的缺乏统一标准和非经济量化指标等问题及其根源深刻考察的基础上,分析了我国非营利组织建立有效绩效指标体系应以合理实用为主要目标、以客观科学为基本原则;并通过对非营利组织与一般企业绩效指标体系构建的相互比较,提出我国非营利组织绩效指标体系设计应包含的组织内部员工态度、能力与业绩等基本内容,以及完善指标体系的相关政策建议。  相似文献   

An empirical study of query expansion and cluster-based retrieval in language modeling approach     

Seung-Hoon Na  In-Su Kang  Ji-Eun Roh  Jong-Hyeok Lee 《Information processing & management》2007

The term mismatch problem in information retrieval is a critical problem, and several techniques have been developed, such as query expansion, cluster-based retrieval and dimensionality reduction to resolve this issue. Of these techniques, this paper performs an empirical study on query expansion and cluster-based retrieval. We examine the effect of using parsimony in query expansion and the effect of clustering algorithms in cluster-based retrieval. In addition, query expansion and cluster-based retrieval are compared, and their combinations are evaluated in terms of retrieval performance by performing experimentations on seven test collections of NTCIR and TREC.  相似文献