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1.
Divergent Thinking is a domain-general mental attribute closely associated with creativity that can be quantified through the use of text-mining algorithms. Past research has shown that students’ Divergent Thinking is malleable in response to relatively simple contextual prompts. In addition, there is substantial variance in the degree to which individual students’ Divergent Thinking is malleable, suggesting the presence of a student-specific zone-of-proximal-development in relation to creativity. Here, we adopted a dynamic assessment paradigm that included multiple conditions under which student Divergent Thinking was measured and fit a latent profile analysis model to that dynamic assessment data. We found that, although on average the Originality of student responses can be augmented through a prompt to generate surprising or unusual ideas, three latent classes emerged that differed significantly on their patterns of augmentation. These three latent classes were termed: (a) Conventional Thinkers (7.80% of the sample), whose response to the Divergent Thinking task were highly constrained and unoriginal across all conditions (b) Prompted Shifters (66.56%), whose Originality significantly increased across conditions, and (c) Idea Generators (25.64%), whose responses were highly original across all conditions. These latent profiles were validated in regard to personality characteristics and domain-specific creative activities, with Idea Generators reporting significantly more Openness and Intellect, less Industriousness, and more creative activities across the domains of Literature, Music, Sports, Visual Art, Science, and Cooking than did the other latent classes.  相似文献   
2.
ABSTRACT

The effectiveness of 8-week force-velocity optimised training was assessed in highly trained professional rugby league athletes. Players (age 24 ± 3 years; body mass 94.9 ± 21.6 kg; height 181.3 ± 6.0 cm) were strength-matched and assigned to a force-velocity optimised group (OP; n = 15) or a general strength-power group (GP; n = 14). Tests included 10-m, 20-m sprints, 3 repetition-maximum squat and squat jumps over five load conditions to ascertain vertical force-velocity relationship. ANCOVA revealed there was a group effect for force-velocity deficit (P < 0.001), with the OP two-fold greater than the GP group (OP pre: 51.13 ± 31.42%, post: 62.26 ± 31.45%, GP pre: 33.00 ± 19.60%, post: 31.14 ± 31.45%, P < 0.001). There were further group effects for 3RM squat (OP pre: 151.17 ± 22.95 kg, post: 162.17 ± 24.16 kg, GP pre: 156.43 ± 25.07 kg, post: 163.39 ± 25.39 kg, P < 0.001), peak power (OP pre: 3195 ± 949 W, post: 3552 ± 1033 W, GP pre: 3468 ± 911 W, post: 3591 ± 936 W, P < 0.001), and SJ (OP pre: 39.79 ± 7.80 cm, post: 42.69 ± 7.83 cm, GP pre: 40.44 ± 6.23 cm, post: 41.14 ± 5.66 cm, P < 0.001). Prescribing F-V deficit training is superior for improving physical performance within highly trained RL players.  相似文献   
3.
充分挖掘档案用户数据价值有助于档案馆开展精准服务,而嵌入用户画像则进一步满足了档案用户需求,为优化档案服务提供新方法。通过梳理当前档案馆精准服务研究成果,探究用户画像服务内涵及功能,从而探析用户画像视域下档案馆精准服务的运行机理及应用前景。结合档案馆应用用户画像的进展,就用户画像视域下的精准服务核心难点提出了相应策略:增强档案用户数据扩展与融合、强化用户画像实时变化中的隐私保护、完善精准服务反馈评价体系,以实现精准化档案信息检索、信息推荐及知识服务。  相似文献   
4.
在多元便捷的信息环境下,图书馆资源共享服务当前面临着激烈的竞争,需转变服务思路。通过采集样本图书馆在CALIS平台上5年的用户数据,从业务趋势、用户结构分布、平台使用习惯、对比分析、定位分析多个维度,解析了用户群体特征。并提出了多项服务质量优化举措以及分层式宣传策略,进而为资源共享服务的发展提供参考。  相似文献   
5.
Little is known regarding the profiles of whole body donors in Muslim majority countries where donation is scarce. Therefore, this study aims to profile registered donors in Turkey by means of a survey. The explored data could be used to improve ongoing campaign efforts and ethical practices such as commemoration services. Registered donors of the donation programs at the two faculties of medicine of Istanbul University were compared with the national population and a cluster analysis was performed to reveal any concealed sub-groups. Data from 188 respondents were analyzed. The majority of registered donors were married (42%), male (65.4%), aged over 50 years (76%), held a tertiary education degree (49.7%), and were irreligious (58.5%). Cluster analysis revealed two groups with significantly different educational levels, marital statuses, and religious choices. Regarding whether their bodies could be used for education or research, the majority (64.5%) of the respondents left the decision to the anatomy department. Similarly, 73.8% approved indefinite use of their organs, body parts and/or skeletons. The respondents were also willing to share their medical history (94.2%) and personal information (81.6%) if needed. Motivational themes for body donation including usefulness, impermanence, religion, awareness, and kinship were devised after a thematic analysis. Among the respondents, 56.5% were registered organ donors and 63.3% were frequent blood donors. The results of this study provide data that may help revising informed consent forms, developing and implementing thanksgiving ceremonies, and selecting additional targets for supporting body donation campaign activities such as organ and blood donation units.  相似文献   
6.
根据高校学生事务管理中实务管理的特点,文章结合云计算中的软件即服务技术发展状况,分析实务管理中信息服务的用户需求。文章描述如何使用软件即服务技术中的自助建站、协同办公、在线表单等服务应用,设计并实现以手机端网站为载体的系统型信息服务。  相似文献   
7.
BackgroundResearch on achievement goal orientations in sport has typically relied on the use of variable-centered approaches that tend to overlook population heterogeneity. In this study, we used a person-centered approach to identify subgroups of competitive tennis players according to unique combinations of achievement goal orientations and tested for subgroup differences in motivation and mental toughness.MethodsA sample of 323 competitive tennis athletes (69.35% male) between 15 and 25 years of age (17.60 ± 2.40 years, mean ± SD) completed the 3 × 2 Achievement Goal Questionnaire for Sport, Sport Motivation Scale II, and Mental Toughness Index. Latent profile analysis was used to identify unique combinations of achievement goal orientations. Comparisons between latent subgroups on autonomous motivation, controlled motivation, and mental toughness were performed using analysis of variance.ResultsLatent profile analysis supported 3 distinct patterns of achievement goal profiles that were primarily distinguishable based on valence of competence (i.e., approach vs. avoidance). Analyses of variance indicated that athletes who were classified into subgroups that endorsed approach types of goals (regardless of the types of avoidance goals they endorsed) reported higher levels of autonomous motivation and mental toughness.ConclusionResults indicated that athletes tend to pursue a number of achievement goals collectively rather than in isolation. Although approach goals are more commonly linked to adaptive psychological functioning and positive outcomes, avoidance goals may also be associated with desirable psychological characteristics if they are pursued in conjunction with approach types of achievement goals.  相似文献   
8.
论文针对图书馆用户流失问题,基于图书馆用户数据,构建用户特征矩阵,利用深度神经网络预测用户流失风险;将存在流失风险的用户作为重点研究对象,根据用户特征,结合S-O-R理论设计图书馆用户流失影响因素模型。采用扎根理论方法设计问卷,提取影响图书馆用户流失的指标因素,并构建结构方程模型进行分析,将技术研究与质性研究相结合,挖掘影响用户流失的核心因素,并在此基础上,构建了图书馆智慧型服务空间设计模型,为图书馆创新服务提供决策支持。  相似文献   
9.
摘要:目的:高原因其特殊环境,世居平原运动员初上高原训练时机体会产生一系列应激反应。借助代谢组学技术,从急性应激和慢性适应2个纬度,比较分析高原训练初期运动员代谢功能所发生的改变。方法:以16名优秀赛艇运动员为研究对象,在高原训练前、年度高原冬训的第4天、第14天调整休息后次日晨取肘静脉血5 mL,分离血浆,借助LC-MS平台测量分析各血浆代谢物,以PCA、OPLS-DA比较各时间点代谢谱的变化。高原训练初期的主要训练内容为低强度有氧训练。结果:1)与高原训练前比较,高原第4天和高原第14天发生显著改变的血浆代谢物各有近80种:a)与高原训练前比较,高原训练第4天血浆苯甲酰胺、吲哚-3-乙醛分别升高约35倍、17倍,血浆苯乙胺、苯酚、吲哚等分别升高约4-8倍;b)高原训练第14天与高原训练前相比,血浆苯甲酰胺、吲哚-3-乙醛、苯乙胺、吲哚等显著升高约2-6倍;血浆胆固醇羟化硫酸酯、色氨酸、3-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-2-氧丙酸等下降约2-8倍。2)与高原训练前比较,高原训练第4天苯丙氨酸、色氨酸代谢显著加强,同时,苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸、色氨酸、氨酰-tRNA生物合成显著增加,但不饱和脂肪酸的生物合成显著下调;高原第14天,苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸代谢显著加强,同时,苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸、色氨酸、氨酰-tRNA生物合成仍显著增加,不饱和脂肪酸的生物合成显著下调;高原第14天与高原第4天比较,氨酰-tRNA、缬氨酸,亮氨酸、异亮氨酸生物合成显著上调,而不饱和脂肪酸的生物合成显著下调,精氨酸、脯氨酸代谢加强。结论:优秀赛艇运动员高原训练急性应答期,参与中枢神经系统能量代谢调控的苯甲酰胺、吲哚-3-乙醛升高达数十倍,之后升高幅度下降,可能是高原训练初期代谢适应的敏感标志物。中枢神经系统的应激与适应可能在运动员高原训练初期代谢应答中发挥着关键作用。高原训练初期芳香族氨基酸、支链氨基酸代谢较为活跃,不饱和脂肪酸代谢抑制,其确切调节机制尚待深入研究。  相似文献   
10.
[目的/意义]旨在分析协同搜索用户在信息搜索任务过程中的交流内容与模式,从而理解协同搜索用户的关注重点与搜索过程。[研究设计/方法]基于书籍交互检索平台(CLEF-Social Book Search)设计实验,共招募18名被试完成两种搜索任务,通过录音记录对话并对其进行编码和分析,总结交流内容特征和模式。结合任务类型、认知类型组合、服务器记录的搜索交互行为日志以及问卷收集的搜索体验进行了探索分析。[结论/发现]从交流内容上看,协同搜索用户主要理解与评判书目信息、商讨搜索任务计划;比起认知类型不同的用户,相同认知类型的用户在操作交互方面交流更多,在评判决策方面交流较少。交流模式依据讨论内容比重可分为理解评判型、评判主导型、均衡交流型三种,评判主导型用户的任务完成满意度最高。[创新/价值]协同搜索用户的交流反映出搜索过程中需要与同伴商讨协同的焦点,也是需要系统提供协助的重点,给协同搜索系统设计提供一定参考。本研究针对协同搜索的交流内容设计的编码系统对相关的协同交流研究也有借鉴意义。  相似文献   
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