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1.
《Information processing & management》2023,60(2):103226
Nowadays assuring that search and recommendation systems are fair and do not apply discrimination among any kind of population has become of paramount importance. This is also highlighted by some of the sustainable development goals proposed by the United Nations. Those systems typically rely on machine learning algorithms that solve the classification task. Although the problem of fairness has been widely addressed in binary classification, unfortunately, the fairness of multi-class classification problem needs to be further investigated lacking well-established solutions. For the aforementioned reasons, in this paper, we present the Debiaser for Multiple Variables (DEMV), an approach able to mitigate unbalanced groups bias (i.e., bias caused by an unequal distribution of instances in the population) in both binary and multi-class classification problems with multiple sensitive variables. The proposed method is compared, under several conditions, with a set of well-established baselines using different categories of classifiers. At first we conduct a specific study to understand which is the best generation strategies and their impact on DEMV’s ability to improve fairness. Then, we evaluate our method on a heterogeneous set of datasets and we show how it overcomes the established algorithms of the literature in the multi-class classification setting and in the binary classification setting when more than two sensitive variables are involved. Finally, based on the conducted experiments, we discuss strengths and weaknesses of our method and of the other baselines. 相似文献
2.
《Information processing & management》2023,60(2):103212
The massive number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices connected to the Internet is continuously increasing. The operations of these devices rely on consuming huge amounts of energy. Power limitation is a major issue hindering the operation of IoT applications and services. To improve operational visibility, Low-power devices which constitute IoT networks, drive the need for sustainable sources of energy to carry out their tasks for a prolonged period of time. Moreover, the means to ensure energy sustainability and QoS must consider the stochastic nature of the energy supplies and dynamic IoT environments. Artificial Intelligence (AI) enhanced protocols and algorithms are capable of predicting and forecasting demand as well as providing leverage at different stages of energy use to supply. AI will improve the efficiency of energy infrastructure and decrease waste in distributed energy systems, ensuring their long-term viability. In this paper, we conduct a survey to explore enhanced AI-based solutions to achieve energy sustainability in IoT applications. AI is relevant through the integration of various Machine Learning (ML) and Swarm Intelligence (SI) techniques in the design of existing protocols. ML mechanisms used in the literature include variously supervised and unsupervised learning methods as well as reinforcement learning (RL) solutions. The survey constitutes a complete guideline for readers who wish to get acquainted with recent development and research advances in AI-based energy sustainability in IoT Networks. The survey also explores the different open issues and challenges. 相似文献
3.
陈伟 《中华武术(研究)》2021,(1):119-121
文化功能也就是"出之于人,归之于人",江口土家族"金钱杆"起于秦末时期的西楚霸王,形于族人生产生活实践中。经过研究发现,"金钱杆"是具有彰显土家族文化的独特符号、"常"与"非常"之间转换的独特节点、教化孩童的重要载体以及增强体质的独特途径的少数民族传统体育活动。本研究主要探求"金钱杆"发展逻辑,旨在为"金钱杆"的传承和发展提供有益的指导。 相似文献
4.
The focus of this paper is on a group of pupils with reading and writing difficulties who have been participating in an intervention study using assistive technology. That intervention study contained supervised training sessions with reading and writing tasks using an iPad with special supportive applications. The current study is a qualitative investigation of whether there has been any transfer from the intervention, to the pupils’ everyday school activities. Interviews with pupils and their teachers and observations during classroom lectures have been used to collect data. The results show that the pupils were positive to the assistive technology (the applications on the iPads), they found the apps easy to learn how to use and they appreciated the benefits they could give. Even so, only a few of the pupils had found use for and continued to use the tools after the intervention period finished. Possible reasons are that when the novelty wore off, students reverted to their usual study habits and that older students with many teachers and different classrooms were less able to adapt to using the apps. To improve transfer, it is suggested to introduce assistive technology earlier to students, in the younger grades, before study habits have been formed and to inform teachers about the use of AT in the classroom, including what is available and how it can benefit students. 相似文献
5.
This study empirically examines the effect of child labor on academic achievement in 10 francophone Western and Central African countries. The data were taken from the Programme d’Analyse des Systèmes Educatifs de la CONFEMEN and comprised characteristics of 25,288 grade six students across 1803 schools. Two-stage least squares analysis highlights that child labor undermines academic achievement regardless of subject, gender, and age. It lowers reading and mathematics scores for both genders and for children under 12 and over 13 years. Child labor therefore hinders human capital accumulation in African countries, and it takes place at the cost of future prosperity. 相似文献
6.
AbstractIn an economic climate when colleges can no longer presume that legislators see institutions of higher learning as tacit public goods, institutions around the country are facing budget cuts. This article presents a case study of the experience of a mid-sized public state university and its Library in a budget crisis undergoing a university-wide program prioritization process. The authors review the process of writing three reports on the Library’s value, along with the approach to engaging staff in the process including a retreat. This article raises questions about what every library should consider assessing and provide tools for libraries navigating similar terrain. 相似文献
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[目的/意义] 分析澳大利亚数字人文项目特征,总结澳大利亚数字人文项目概况,获取对我国数字人文的建设性意见。[方法/过程] 运用网络调查法和访谈法对澳大利亚数字人文项目开展情况进行分析,总结项目概况并梳理其发展阶段和各阶段代表性项目,按照研究方法和方向的不同进行分类,同时根据项目成果和影响力建立分析评价体系来获取有价值的特征,并据此讨论为丰富我国数字人文建设的理论和实践提供借鉴的诸多意见。[结果/结论] 澳大利亚数字人文项目整体阶段特征明显、意义显著,本文总结出其项目的社会服务、图书馆深度参与、创新合作共享等特征,针对我国数字人文提出加大投入、释放图书馆潜力和形成特色的主要意见。 相似文献
10.
[目的/意义] 系统回溯国内图书馆新媒体移动服务研究的理论基础与实践案例,总结理论研究进展和实践应用中的共性特征与优势经验,剖析当前实践中存在的问题,并针对相关问题提出解决方案。[方法/过程] 以"中国科讯"为研究案例,总结其在服务路径、服务方式与服务能力方面的实践探索。[结果/结论] "中国科讯"有效解决了国内图书馆新媒体服务定位不明确、不清晰、不全面的三个问题。图书馆需要加快传统新媒体移动服务逐步向集成多种功能的新媒体移动服务转变。 相似文献