Gathering the views of children and young people with ASD: a systematic literature review     

Beverley Tyrrell  Kevin Woods 《British Journal of Special Education》2020,47(3):376-398

According to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, children have a right to have their views listened to, and studies have shown that doing so can improve their motivation and self‐esteem. Accordingly, this systematic literature review sought to investigate how the views of children with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD), who have difficulties with social communication, may be gathered. Searches of electronic databases yielded 20 studies which met the criteria for inclusion. Semi‐structured interviews (SSIs) were popular, but there is tentative evidence that these are better suited to older, or more academically able, participants. Some of the evidence suggests adaptations to make SSIs more accessible to young people with ASD. Initial evidence has also emerged regarding the suitability of focus groups and electronic diaries. More focused evaluation by researchers of the suitability of their chosen data‐gathering methods for participants with ASD would allow broader conclusions to be drawn.  相似文献   

A systematic review of the state of the literature on sexually exploited boys internationally     

《Child abuse & neglect》2018

This systematic review assessed the current state of the literature on sexually exploited boys internationally. We aimed to describe what is known about sexual exploitation of boys, identify gaps in the literature, provide implications for practice, and make recommendations for future research. Multiple database searches were conducted using a combination of controlled vocabulary and keywords to capture child and adolescent sexual exploitation. Our search identified 11,099 unique references and excluded studies that did not include male participants less than 18 years old or disaggregate results by relevant age groups and/or by sex. This review identified 42 studies from 23 countries, providing evidence that sexual exploitation of boys is an issue in both high- and low-income countries. Seventeen articles had sexual exploitation as their primary variable of interest, the majority of which sampled boys who accessed services (i.e., shelters, health care, social, and justice services). Boys’ experiences of sexual exploitation varied in terms of venue, exploiters, and compensation. Compared to their non-sexually exploited peers, sexually exploited boys more commonly reported experiences of child abuse, substance use, conduct problems, and mental health problems such as anxiety, depression, and self-harm. Despite increasing evidence that boys are sexually exploited around the world, the current literature provides limited data about the antecedents, sequelae, and the specific features of sexual exploitation experiences among boys. Further research is needed to inform, policy, social services and health care delivery specific to the needs of sexually exploited boys.  相似文献   

Smart cities: Advances in research—An information systems perspective     

《International Journal of Information Management》2019

Smart cities employ information and communication technologies to improve: the quality of life for its citizens, the local economy, transport, traffic management, environment, and interaction with government. Due to the relevance of smart cities (also referred using other related terms such as Digital City, Information City, Intelligent City, Knowledge-based City, Ubiquitous City, Wired City) to various stakeholders and the benefits and challenges associated with its implementation, the concept of smart cities has attracted significant attention from researchers within multiple fields, including information systems. This study provides a valuable synthesis of the relevant literature by analysing and discussing the key findings from existing research on issues related to smart cities from an Information Systems perspective. The research analysed and discussed in this study focuses on number of aspects of smart cities: smart mobility, smart living, smart environment, smart citizens, smart government, and smart architecture as well as related technologies and concepts. The discussion also focusses on the alignment of smart cities with the UN sustainable development goals. This comprehensive review offers critical insight to the key underlying research themes within smart cities, highlighting the limitations of current developments and potential future directions.  相似文献   

Leading Developmental Peer Observation of Teaching in Higher Education: Perspectives from Australia and England     

Dallas Wingrove  Linda Hammersley-Fletcher  Angela Clarke  Andrea Chester 《British Journal of Educational Studies》2018,66(3):365-381

Whilst peer observation of teaching is well established as a practice that can enhance teaching quality, the challenge to fully embed this practice in universities remains unresolved. This article analyses the perspectives of 18 university leaders (nine Australian and nine English) drawn from a range of school-based leaders to senior leaders of learning and teaching. Our study indicates that some of the challenges associated with leading such schemes can be mitigated through approaches to educational leadership that enact a respectful and collegiate ethos. This we suggest can support developmental academic engagement in peer observation for positive and lasting change.  相似文献   

Whiteness in teacher education research discourses: A review of the use and meaning making of the term cultural diversity     

《Teaching and Teacher Education》2018

The term “cultural diversity” is extensively used in recent teacher education research, but its meaning appears to vary and therefore needs to be made visible. This article reviews the use and meaning making of the term cultural diversity. The analysis reveals three main patterns across the 67 studies reviewed: Cultural diversity is (1) undefined, (2) related to a set of other undefined terms and (3) used in binary oppositional discourses that produce a racialized Other. Drawing on critical Whiteness studies and critical discourse analysis, I argue that despite attempting to promote social justice, researchers are actors who produce a discursive ideology of White supremacy.  相似文献   

创新驱动发展能力内涵及评价研究述评     

胡海鹏  袁永  黎雅婷 《科技管理研究》2019,39(16)

创新驱动发展战略是我国全局发展的核心，正确理解创新驱动发展的内涵及监测评价指标，对全面推动创新驱动发展战略具有重要意义。本文多维度深入探讨创新驱动发展内涵，全面梳理创新驱动发展能力评价的研究进展，总结当前研究进展特点及存在问题，提出下一步开展相关研究的展望  相似文献   

核能公众接受性:研究图景、理论框架与展望          下载免费PDF全文

杜娟  朱旭峰 《中国科学院院刊》2019,34(6):677-692

核能的公众接受性是一个快速发展的交叉研究课题,也是风险认知学科最具代表性的研究主题之一。当前国内学界在该领域仍处于探索阶段,理论水平和研究方法相对落后于国际学术前沿,迫切需要展开深入研究。文章以中、英文权威科学索引收录的期刊论文为对象,使用理论综述的方法展开综合研究,以期为核能公众性研究发展提供理论支撑和方向预判。文章首先对核能公众接受性研究构建一幅整体图景,接着对这一领域的中外文献进行归纳和整理,将现有理论成果整合成一个理论框架。在此基础上,对当前研究存在的不足进行了反思,指出未来的核能公众接受性研究应将宏微观跨层互动与文化视角纳入分析,加强跨学科领域的理论对话,以及引入更为有效的研究方法并提高数据质量。  相似文献   

颠覆性技术识别方法发展现状及启示     

苏鹏  苏成  潘云涛 《图书情报工作》2019,63(20):129-138

[目的/意义]颠覆性技术能变革传统生产模式和消费结构，使产业格局巨变。识别潜在颠覆性技术有助于抢占科技制高点，在科技竞争中取得先发优势。[方法/过程]通过主题检索和引文回溯搜集文献，梳理颠覆性技术现阶段的主要识别方法。[结果/结论]发现方法的选择与研究人员学科背景密切相关，根据研究人员的主要研究领域，将其划分为图书情报、工程管理、经济研究和Christansen流派4类识别方法。在此基础上对识别方法进行7个维度的比较，指出现有方法存在3个问题：过度依赖专家评价、识别标准针对性不足和超前识别效果不佳，其中识别标准针对性不足是核心问题。鉴于此，在后续研究中应当从多种角度不断探究和完善技术颠覆潜力的评价方法。  相似文献   

Social network data to alleviate cold-start in recommender system: A systematic review     

Lesly Alejandra Gonzalez Camacho  Solange Nice Alves-Souza 《Information processing & management》2018,54(4):529-544

Recommender Systems are currently highly relevant for helping users deal with the information overload they suffer from the large volume of data on the web, and automatically suggest the most appropriate items that meet users needs. However, in cases in which a user is new to Recommender System, the system cannot recommend items that are relevant to her/him because of lack of previous information about the user and/or the user-item rating history that helps to determine the users preferences. This problem is known as cold-start, which remains open because it does not have a final solution. Social networks have been employed as a good source of information to determine users preferences to mitigate the cold-start problem. This paper presents the results of a Systematic Literature Review on Collaborative Filtering-based Recommender System that uses social network data to mitigate the cold-start problem. This Systematic Literature Review compiled the papers published between 2011–2017, to select the most recent studies in the area. Each selected paper was evaluated and classified according to the depth which social networks used to mitigate the cold-start problem. The final results show that there are several publications that use the information of the social networks within the Recommender System; however, few research papers currently use this data to mitigate the cold-start problem.  相似文献   

基于CiteSpace的众包创新研究知识图谱分析     

朱宾欣  马志强 《科技管理研究》2019,39(9)

通过检索Web of Science中有关众包创新的论文,利用知识图谱对该领域的研究现状、发展趋势和当前研究热点进行分析。研究结果表明：(1)以美国为首的西方发达国家是众包创新领域的主要引领国家。我国研究起步稍晚,研究成果数量领先,但高质量文献缺乏；(2)众包创新的研究对象逐渐由众包创新内涵向企业商业模式创新,再向线上众包平台知识交互转变,研究方法从经典的案例分析方法向实证研究转换；(3)众包创新现阶段研究热点方向主要包括众包与开放式创新、众包创新绩效、众包创新社区平台等。  相似文献