Covid-19: Emerging Considerations for Body Sourcing and Handling. A Perspective View from Nigeria     

Izuchukwu Azuka Okafor  Terkuma Chia 《Anatomical sciences education》2021,14(2):154-162

The current Coronavirus disease (Covid-19) pandemic has spread to about 220 countries of the world and has resulted in a significant number of deaths globally. Infections are still on the rise, and the impact on the global death rate could be devastating. There are fears over the likely impact of a large number of deaths on body sourcing and handling of cadavers for teaching and research. Historically, epidemics come with several challenges and have often led to some level of negligence of ethical practices and health and safety regulations associated with body sourcing and handling. The authors highlighted some emerging problems in this article, focusing on Africa and Nigeria in particular. These problems include a higher risk of coronavirus exposure for body handlers, shortage of cadavers for teaching and learning, a lack of standard regulations leading to unethical body sourcing and handling, and a lack of monitoring and collaboration needed for a well-coordinated Covid-19 pandemic response strategy. If these issues are ignored, the previous gains made in anatomical ethical practices may be destroyed. Some useful recommendations for policymaking geared toward prevention or curtailing these emerging issues have been instilled in this article.  相似文献   

The Unintentional Effects on Body Donation Programs of a Competency-Based Curriculum in Postgraduate Medical Education     

Geoffroy P.J.C. Noël  Joseph Dubé  Gabriel Venne 《Anatomical sciences education》2021,14(5):675-681

As medical programs place increasing importance on competency-based training and surgical simulations for residents, anatomy laboratories, and body donation programs find themselves in a position of adapting to changing demands. To better assess the demand for “life-like” cadaveric specimens and evaluate the possible impacts that competency-based medical education could have upon the body donation program of McGill University, Canada, the authors tracked, over the course of the last 10 years, the number of soft-embalmed specimens, along with the number of teaching sessions and the residents enrolled in competency-based programs that are using cadaveric material. The results reveal that the number of soft-embalmed specimens used within residency training increased from 5 in 2009 to 35 in 2019, representing an increase from 6% of bodies to 36.5% of the total number of body donors embalmed in this institution. Correspondingly, the number of annual teaching sessions for residents increased from 19 in 2012 to 116 in 2019. These increases in teaching are correlated with increasing number of residents enrolled in competency-based programs over the last 3 years (Pearson r ranging from 0.9705 to 0.9903, and R² ranging from 0.9418 to 0.9808). Those results suggest that the new skill-centered curricula which require residents to perform specific tasks within realistic settings, exhibit a growing demand for “life-like” cadaveric specimens. Institutions’ body donation programs must, therefore, adapt to those greater need for cadaveric specimens, which presents many challenges, ranging from the logistical to the ethical.  相似文献   

The Quality and Readability of English Wikipedia Anatomy Articles     

Athikhun Suwannakhan  Daniel Casanova-Martínez  Laphatrada Yurasakpong  Punchalee Montriwat  Krai Meemon  Taweetham Limpanuparb 《Anatomical sciences education》2020,13(4):475-487

Forty anatomy articles were sampled from English Wikipedia and assessed quantitatively and qualitatively. Quantitatively, each article’s edit history was analyzed by Wikipedia X-tools, references and media were counted manually, and two readability indices were used to evaluate article readability. This analysis revealed that each article was updated 8.3 ± 6.8 times per month, and referenced with 33.5 ± 24.3 sources, such as journal articles and textbooks. Each article contained on average 14.0 ± 7.6 media items. The readability indices including: (1) Flesch–Kincaid Grade Level Readability Test and (2) Flesch Reading Ease Readability Formula demonstrated that the articles had low readability and were more appropriate for college students and above. Qualitatively, the sampled articles were evaluated by experts using a modified DISCERN survey. According to the modified DISCERN, 13 articles (32.5%), 24 articles (60%), 3 articles (7.5%), were rated as “good,” “moderate,” and “poor,” respectively. There were positive correlations between the DISCERN score and the number of edits (r = 0.537), number of editors (r = 0.560), and article length (r = 0.536). Strengths reported by the panel included completeness and coverage in 11 articles (27.5%), anatomical details in 10 articles (25%), and clinical details in 5 articles (12.5%). The panel also noted areas which could be improved, such as providing missing information in 28 articles (70%), inaccuracies in 10 articles (25%), and lack or poor use of images in 17 articles (42.5%). In conclusion, this study revealed that many Wikipedia anatomy articles were difficult to read. Each article’s quality was dependent on edit frequency and article length. Learners and students should be cautious when using Wikipedia articles for anatomy education due to these limitations.  相似文献   

Does spatial awareness training affect anatomy learning in medical students?     

Rene A. Gonzales  Gordon Ferns  Marc A. T. M. Vorstenbosch  Claire F. Smith 《Anatomical sciences education》2020,13(6):707-720

Spatial ability (SA) is the cognitive capacity to understand and mentally manipulate concepts of objects, remembering relationships among their parts and those of their surroundings. Spatial ability provides a learning advantage in science and may be useful in anatomy and technical skills in health care. This study aimed to assess the relationship between SA and anatomy scores in first- and second-year medical students. The training sessions focused on the analysis of the spatial component of objects' structure and their interaction as applied to medicine; SA was tested using the Visualization of Rotation (ROT) test. The intervention group (n = 29) received training and their pre- and post-training scores for the SA tests were compared to a control group (n = 75). Both groups improved their mean scores in the follow-up SA test (P < 0.010). There was no significant difference in SA scores between the groups for either SA test (P = 0.31, P = 0.90). The SA scores for female students were significantly lower than for male students, both at baseline and follow-up (P < 0.010). Anatomy training and assessment were administered by the anatomy department of the medical school, and examination scores were not significantly different between the two groups post-intervention (P = 0.33). However, participants with scores in the bottom quartile for SA performed worse in the anatomy questions (P < 0.001). Spatial awareness training did not improve SA or anatomy scores; however, SA may identify students who may benefit from additional academic support.  相似文献   

A Comparison of Beginning and Expert Supervisors’ Supervision Cognitions     

Gulsah Kemer 《Counselor Education & Supervision》2020,59(1):74-92

Beginning and expert supervisors’ cognitions and cognitive structures were compared via concept mapping, a mixed methods design. Both beginning and expert supervisors reported a variety of cognitions representing developmental characteristics in 3 areas: assessment of supervisees, conceptualization and management of supervision, and supervisory relationship.  相似文献   

基于差异驱动和GRA-TOPSIS法的学术期刊综合评价研究     

张发明  庾凡  叶兆青  王伟明 《现代情报》2018,38(4):77-82

[目的/意义]针对学术期刊多属性综合评价中指标权重获取以及评价信息集结的问题，提出一种新的基于差异驱动和GRA-TOPSIS法的学术期刊综合评价模型。[方法/过程]首先，利用基于拉开档次法的差异驱动原理来最大限度地体现各学术期刊之间的整体差异，并据此确定学术期刊的指标权重；然后，分别利用GRA法和TOPSIS法对评价信息进行综合集成，计算两种方法的学术期刊综合评价值；最后，基于组合评价的思想对两种评价结果进行有效结合，以此确定学术期刊的最终评价值并排序。[结果/结论]选取"农业经济"类期刊为研究对象，结果表明，该方法不仅能够充分体现各学术期刊之间的实际差距，还能够同时从数据距离和数据几何形状上反映学术期刊的综合水平，是一种科学合理的学术期刊综合评价方法。  相似文献   

欺诈引用——一种新的不当引用行为     

邓履翔  王维朗  陈灿华 《中国科技期刊研究》2018,29(3):237-241

【目的】 分析一种新的不当引用行为——欺诈引用。【方法】 简述了参考文献中的各种不当引用问题，提出了欺诈引用的定义和表现形式，分析其产生原因。【结果】 对欺诈引用进行了较完整的阐述，从外部客观环境、编辑、作者和读者等方面给出了防治欺诈引用的建议。【结论】 欺诈引用是新出现的一种参考文献不当引用现象，需要引起学界关注。  相似文献   

全媒体视域下科普期刊用户类别化运营机制探索     

闫伟娜 《中国科技期刊研究》2018,29(7):745-751

【目的】 探索全媒体视野下我国科普期刊用户的互联网运营机制，为科普期刊全媒体转型提供可行策略。【方法】 运用案例研究和综合分析相结合的方法，从科普期刊全媒体转型的现实问题入手，以用户生态化构建与运营视角，综合运用杠杆化与数据化思维手段，探索科普期刊全媒体转型过程中的用户类别化运营机制。【结果】 全媒体视野下科普期刊用户运营应强调杠杆化思维、数据化思维和生态化思维，并将全媒体生态圈的用户细分为核心用户、活跃用户、典型用户和普通用户，依据用户特点进行有针对性的类别化运营，以实现用户价值的最大化。【结论】 全媒体视域下科普期刊应建立用户驱动与运营意识，并对全媒体用户进行精细化管理与维护，激发用户能动性，助力科普期刊全媒体运营。  相似文献   

第三方代投医学科技论文特征分析与防范建议     

汪勤俭  耿鹏  冷怀明 《中国科技期刊研究》2018,29(8):786-792

【目的】 探讨第三方代投医学科研论文的作者基本信息及论文特点，提出防范建议。【方法】 调查《第三军医大学学报》2017年10—12月779篇来稿的作者注册信息、用户名、密码等基本信息，并分析疑似代投论文的特点。【结果】 本研究发现165篇疑似代投论文，其中72篇来稿正文无作者及单位署名(无署名)，93篇来稿正文有作者及单位署名(有署名)。疑似代投论文的注册邮箱、手机号和用户名、密码均有一定规律性；无署名论文注册信息特征性较强，论文质量不高，以临床研究为主，更易识别；有署名论文相对规范，以基础研究为主，存在基金标注不当现象。【结论】 第三方代投具有各自规律的注册信息特征及论文特点。建议医学期刊编辑加强论文初审，重视审核作者投稿信息，并要求作者投稿时提供相关研究真实性证明材料，同时相关科研管理部门应加强科研人员的学术道德伦理教育和监管。  相似文献   

二维码在科技期刊中的应用实例分析     

谭潇  高超  邹晨双  段春波  于普林 《中国科技期刊研究》2018,29(1):48-54

【目的】 通过引入二维码，实现接触点创新，促进科技期刊与新兴媒体的融合发展。【方法】 检索中国知网文献，对科技期刊应用二维码的现状和实例进行分析，提出二维码的应用建议。【结果】 二维码在科技期刊中的应用具有起步晚、数量不足、形式单一和功能欠缺等缺点。当前二维码应用主要集中于传播科技期刊内容、识别官方网站、社群互动、宣传推广发行等方面。科技期刊应用二维码时要熟练掌握制作技巧、分享拓展应用、优化数量位置、增加辨识力度和灵活运用活码。【结论】 二维码在科技期刊中的应用有待推广，功能需进一步拓展，标准需规范化。今后应当借鉴二维码在其他行业中的实践和创新，使其更好地为期刊发展服务。  相似文献