社会福利视角下中文期刊数据库定价机制分析与策略建议     

雷兵  钟镇 《中国科技期刊研究》2018,29(10):963-970

【目的】 基于社会福利视角，运用经济学方法解析中文期刊数据库的定价机制，并提出中文期刊数据库发展建议。【方法】 通过构建期刊数据库需求函数，比较了4种类型数据库市场对社会总福利的影响；同时采用系统动力学分析方法，研究数据库独家垄断带来的锁定效应与负面影响。【结果】 以社会总福利最大化为目标，期刊数据库作为公共品由政府投资免费提供最优，其次为开放获取与同质竞争，垄断经营带来的社会福利最小；数据库商独家垄断还会带来锁定效应。【结论】 要提升社会总福利，政府须制定适宜的产业政策，抑制期刊的“独家授权”，鼓励高校自办期刊转向开放获取，推进第三方平台整合资源，探索由政府出资建立专题期刊公共数据库。  相似文献   

基于实验研究的儿童搜索引擎设计     

李响 《现代情报》2018,38(11):84-89

[目的/意义]针对目前儿童搜索引擎在搜索过程中对儿童认知和情感引导上的缺乏，提出了一个符合儿童认知、情感和感官需求的具有社交化智能的儿童搜索引擎设计方法，为儿童搜索引擎设计和研发提供思路和方向。[方法/过程]使用百度搜索引擎进行儿童信息检索实验，根据儿童在完成3种类型实验任务时的认知、情感表现，结合儿童教育与发展理论，分析了认知、情感和感官要素对儿童检索过程和结果的影响，并以此为依据，从认知、情感和感官3个维度进行儿童搜索引擎设计。[结果/结论]为能更顺利地完成信息检索任务，儿童需要具有认知引导与共情功能的搜索引擎辅助检索活动进行，帮助他们在检索中获得知识、提升技能。  相似文献   

城市交通技术领域协同创新机制研究——以北京市城市轨道交通领域示范应用开发为例     

陈旭  高江华  蒋熙  李海鹰 《科技管理研究》2018,(14)

城市交通技术领域协同创新是促进城市交通关键技术攻克、应用和推广的有效手段。当前我国城市交通技术领域协同创新机制存在创新要素构成及工作方式不明确、创新成果保障机制不完善、创新成果转化率低等问题。为此,结合示范应用提出相应的对策:建立科技创新联盟,形成协同创新驱动机制;建立共性关键技术研发平台,形成创新成果保障机制;建立服务需求库,形成创新成果转化机制。  相似文献   

The Program for Cooperative Cataloging’s Transformative Role as a Leader of Change     

Philip E. Schreur 《Cataloging & classification quarterly》2020,58(3-4):397-402

Abstract

The transformation of library metadata encoded in MARC to linked data will enable libraries to participate in the Semantic Web. This transformation, however, will be an iterative development dependent upon community-based decisions. The PCC, as a community-based organization, is ideally positioned to lead this transformation. As PCC guides this transition, three broad areas must be resolved: the conversion of legacy data to linked data, the use of identifiers to support controlled headings, and the transformation of current workflows to linked-data counterparts. By embracing the Web as a community, PCC can confirm its relevance in a complex web of global data.  相似文献   

Neural embedding-based indices for semantic search     

Fatemeh Lashkari  Ebrahim Bagheri  Ali A. Ghorbani 《Information processing & management》2019,56(3):733-755

Traditional information retrieval techniques that primarily rely on keyword-based linking of the query and document spaces face challenges such as the vocabulary mismatch problem where relevant documents to a given query might not be retrieved simply due to the use of different terminology for describing the same concepts. As such, semantic search techniques aim to address such limitations of keyword-based retrieval models by incorporating semantic information from standard knowledge bases such as Freebase and DBpedia. The literature has already shown that while the sole consideration of semantic information might not lead to improved retrieval performance over keyword-based search, their consideration enables the retrieval of a set of relevant documents that cannot be retrieved by keyword-based methods. As such, building indices that store and provide access to semantic information during the retrieval process is important. While the process for building and querying keyword-based indices is quite well understood, the incorporation of semantic information within search indices is still an open challenge. Existing work have proposed to build one unified index encompassing both textual and semantic information or to build separate yet integrated indices for each information type but they face limitations such as increased query process time. In this paper, we propose to use neural embeddings-based representations of term, semantic entity, semantic type and documents within the same embedding space to facilitate the development of a unified search index that would consist of these four information types. We perform experiments on standard and widely used document collections including Clueweb09-B and Robust04 to evaluate our proposed indexing strategy from both effectiveness and efficiency perspectives. Based on our experiments, we find that when neural embeddings are used to build inverted indices; hence relaxing the requirement to explicitly observe the posting list key in the indexed document: (a) retrieval efficiency will increase compared to a standard inverted index, hence reduces the index size and query processing time, and (b) while retrieval efficiency, which is the main objective of an efficient indexing mechanism improves using our proposed method, retrieval effectiveness also retains competitive performance compared to the baseline in terms of retrieving a reasonable number of relevant documents from the indexed corpus.  相似文献   

基于科研人员需求的文献检索质量量表构建     

李雅  鲁玉妙  张歆杰  净玲娣 《科技管理研究》2018,(8)

文献检索质量是科研工作者和图书馆员共同关注的重要问题,但至今未见其简便易行的理想评价方法。在全面性、系统性、准确性、一致性、简明性、可操作性、可控性和目标性原则基础上构建文献检索质量评价量表并进行信度和效度分析检验,结果显示:量表信度指数Cronbach’sα系数为0.925;文献检索知识评价、文献检索过程评价、文献检索结果评价、信息利用程度等准则层Cronbach’sα分别为0.751、0.814、0.840和0.830,综合评分与准则层相关系数为0.5~0.9;通过因子分析确定因子载荷大于0.5的28个指标,累计方差贡献率达到了71.06%,通过信度、效度检验。该指标体系通过相关检验并得到优化,为科研中评价文献信息检索分析提供依据。  相似文献   

基于“智慧芽”专利数据库的塔里木河生态环境领域专利分析     

马吉宏  田长彦  塔西甫拉提.特依拜 《科技管理研究》2018,(10)

鉴于目前塔里木河生态环境领域相关专利技术布局和发展态势研究缺乏,造成对塔里木河流域生态保护和治理的政府科技管理与决策制定、科研机构科技创新开拓缺少专利情报信息依据及支持,基于"智慧芽"专利系统,结合高斯函数,分析塔里木河生态环境领域相关专利申请、技术分布、专利价值、主要专利机构和发展态势等方面情况及其特征,并提出相关建议。  相似文献   

基于临床科研设计的医学期刊编辑初审方法和初审单设计     

吴爱华  王晴  吴婷  王姝 《中国科技期刊研究》2018,29(9):894-900

【目的】 在临床科研设计基本原则和方法的基础上，提出医学期刊编辑初审的具体审稿方法，设计编辑初审单。【方法】 通过解读临床科研设计基本原则在医学科研中的重要意义，确立编辑初审思路。在初审中引入  相似文献   

Rare-aware attention network for image–text matching     

《Information processing & management》2023,60(3):103280

Image and text matching bridges visual and textual modality differences and plays a considerable role in cross-modal retrieval. Much progress has been achieved through semantic representation and alignment. However, the distribution of multimedia data is severely unbalanced and contains many low-frequency occurrences, which are often ignored and cause performance degradation, i.e., the long-tail effect. In this work, we propose a novel rare-aware attention network (RAAN), which explores and exploits textual rare content for tackling the long-tail effect of image and text matching. Specifically, we first design a rare-aware mining module, which contains global prior information construction and rare fragment detector for modeling the characteristic of rare content. Then, the rare attention matching utilizes prior information as attention to guide the representation enhancement of rare content and introduces the rareness representation to strengthen the similarity calculation. Finally, we design prior information loss to optimize the model together with the triplet loss. We perform quantitative and qualitative experiments on two large-scale databases and achieve leading performance. In particular, we conduct 0-shot test for rare content and improve rSum by 21.0 and 41.5 on Flickr30K (155,000 image and text pairs) and MSCOCO (616,435 image and text pairs), demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed method for the long-tail effect.  相似文献   

基于计算机屏幕录像的教学课件资源库建设     

李俊平 《深圳职业技术学院学报》2011,10(5):13-16

阐述了屏幕录像课件分为学习型课件和记录型课件,介绍各种屏幕录像软件的特点和在资源库屏幕录像课件资源库建设中的作用,对屏幕录像软件进行了使用评测,总结了资源库的应用方式和效果．  相似文献