一种在轨海上多运动舰船目标检测和跟踪方法     

矫腾章  胡玉新  吕鹏  张凯  台宪青 《中国科学院大学学报》2020,37(3):368-378

传统遥感卫星图像处理采用在地面进行目标检测和跟踪处理的模式，卫星将拍摄到的图像数据下传至地面数据处理中心，由地面数据处理系统对接收到的遥感图像数据进行目标检测和跟踪。然而，随着遥感图像分辨率的不断提高，需要下传的数据量增大，导致星地数据传输的时间大大增加，最终造成目标检测和跟踪的时效性降低。针对上述问题，提出一种基于多特征量判别的Canny边缘检测和联合概率数据关联的在轨海上多运动舰船目标检测和跟踪方法。将该方法利用中国科学院微小卫星创新研究院的高分微纳卫星实测数据在模拟星载的嵌入式开发平台上进行验证，结果表明该方法能够在轨对海上多运动舰船目标进行快速、准确的检测和跟踪。  相似文献   

Word sense disambiguation based on context selection using knowledge-based word similarity     

Sunjae Kwon  Dongsuk Oh  Youngjoong Ko 《Information processing & management》2021,58(4):102551

In this paper, we introduce a novel knowledge-based word-sense disambiguation (WSD) system. In particular, the main goal of our research is to find an effective way to filter out unnecessary information by using word similarity. For this, we adopt two methods in our WSD system. First, we propose a novel encoding method for word vector representation by considering the graphical semantic relationships from the lexical knowledge bases, and the word vector representation is utilized to determine the word similarity in our WSD system. Second, we present an effective method for extracting the contextual words from a text for analyzing an ambiguous word based on word similarity. The results demonstrate that the suggested methods significantly enhance the baseline WSD performance in all corpora. In particular, the performance on nouns is similar to those of the state-of-the-art knowledge-based WSD models, and the performance on verbs surpasses that of the existing knowledge-based WSD models.  相似文献   

Exploring mechanisms of rapid automatized naming to arithmetic skills in Chinese primary schoolers     

Yiji Wang  Xiaolin Ye  Ciping Deng 《Psychology in the schools》2020,57(4):556-571

Rapid automatized naming (RAN) is associated with children's arithmetic performance, which is multifactorial by nature and consists of arithmetic fluency, arithmetic procedure, and word problems. Yet, it is unclear whether RAN can predict all key aspects of arithmetic skills independently and what cognitive mechanisms may explain this relation. Using a sample of Chinese primary school students (N = 170), results showed that while RAN was associated with all key aspects of arithmetic skills, the relations of RAN–arithmetic procedure and RAN–word problems may be dependent on that of RAN–arithmetic fluency. Supporting the processing speed hypothesis, results further suggested that processing speed may underlie the relation between RAN and arithmetic performance. Findings made unique contribution to understanding the effect of RAN on arithmetic performance and cognitive mechanisms that may underpin this association in the context of Chinese culture.  相似文献   

Constructing explanatory models from text-based information: Why instructional tools help     

《Contemporary educational psychology》2020

Scientists frequently construct explanatory models based on information they read about scientific phenomena. Modeling is a complex task involving reasoning about what information from multiple texts, including verbal and visual representations, is task-relevant and how it relates to the model. In this study, ninth graders were randomly assigned to a text-based modeling task with or without an instructional tool designed to support selection and elaborative processing of relevant information. Participants completed prompted self-explanation protocols during the modeling task and a learning task afterward. Participants with the instructional tool demonstrated better model construction and learning. Self-explanation analyses indicated more elaborative processing of relevant information for those with the tool. Elaboration of relevant information significantly mediated the instructional tool effect, indicating that it is not the tool, but the forms of processing that it encouraged, that underlies better model construction and learning. Implications for science literacy instruction are discussed.  相似文献   

Unmasking text plagiarism using syntactic-semantic based natural language processing techniques: Comparisons,analysis and challenges     

Vani K.  Deepa Gupta 《Information processing & management》2018,54(3):408-432

The proposed work aims to explore and compare the potency of syntactic-semantic based linguistic structures in plagiarism detection using natural language processing techniques. The current work explores linguistic features, viz., part of speech tags, chunks and semantic roles in detecting plagiarized fragments and utilizes a combined syntactic-semantic similarity metric, which extracts the semantic concepts from WordNet lexical database. The linguistic information is utilized for effective pre-processing and for availing semantically relevant comparisons. Another major contribution is the analysis of the proposed approach on plagiarism cases of various complexity levels. The impact of plagiarism types and complexity levels, upon the features extracted is analyzed and discussed. Further, unlike the existing systems, which were evaluated on some limited data sets, the proposed approach is evaluated on a larger scale using the plagiarism corpus provided by PAN¹ competition from 2009 to 2014. The approach presented considerable improvement in comparison with the top-ranked systems of the respective years. The evaluation and analysis with various cases of plagiarism also reflected the supremacy of deeper linguistic features for identifying manually plagiarized data.  相似文献   

基于引文内容挖掘的科技创新路径识别方法与开源工具研究     

廖君华  陈军营  白如江 《现代情报》2018,38(7):113-121

[目的/意义]分析科技创新路径识别研究中用到的主要研究方法与开源工具，提出利用引文内容挖掘实现科技创新路径识别方法及开源工具。[方法/过程]首先，基于引文分析、结构洞分析、凝聚子群分析、文本内容挖掘、引文内容挖掘等不同角度分析了科技创新路径识别的主要方法；其次，从数据源、文本格式、挖掘内容、处理能力等方面阐述了用于实现引文内容挖掘的科技创新路径识别的3个开源工具：Mallet、Knime、NLTK；最后，分析了实现科技创新路径可视化的5个开源工具：Pajek、Ucinet、Gephi、D3.js、VOSViewer。[结果/结论]通过研究发现，利用开源工具深入挖掘引文内容中蕴含的丰富语义信息，识别不同引用动机，进而进行可视化展示可以有效的实现科技创新路径表达。  相似文献   

大数据时代高校图书馆嵌入式科研服务模式与内容研究     

吴爱芝  王婧媛 《现代情报》2018,38(12):97-102

[目的/意义]大数据时代和信息技术的快速发展，使得科研工作者对图书馆的需求产生巨大变化，如何提供嵌入式科研服务成为高校图书馆在转型期必须重点考虑的关键问题之一。[方法/过程]在明确嵌入式科研服务概念的基础上，本研究从科研项目、科研过程、科研团体、科研个体等4个维度阐述嵌入式科研服务的主要内容，并就目前国内图书馆开展的服务特点进行了总结。[结果/结论]本研究不仅可以为图书馆探索学科服务的新渠道、推动图书馆服务转型提供决策参考，而且有助于加深科研工作者对图书馆服务的理解与认识。  相似文献   

好心不得好报？伦理型领导对新产品开发绩效的影响     

于晓宇  王茜  陶奕达  厉杰 《研究与发展管理》2018,30(3):85-99

既有关于伦理型领导与绩效关系的研究强调伦理型领导通过塑造员工认知和行为、营造组织氛围、提高企业社会责任等机制影响绩效，低估了伦理型领导在信息处理过程中对绩效的影响机制.本研究引入信息处理理论，以战略决策周密为中介变量、环境不确定性为调节变量，探索伦理型领导和新产品开发绩效之间的关系.结合探索性案例研究与问卷调查，研究发现： 战略决策周密部分中介伦理型领导对新产品开发绩效的正向作用；环境不确定性加强了伦理型领导对战略决策周密的作用；环境不确定性加强了战略决策周密的中介作用.研究表明，在高不确定性的环境下，伦理型领导更倾向采取周密的信息处理模式，进而提高了新产品应对不确定性环境的“反脆弱性”，也因此提升了新产品开发绩效.  相似文献   

Complex phonological tasks predict reading in 7 to 11 years of age typically developing Russian children     

Svetlana V. Dorofeeva  Anna Laurinavichyute  Victoria Reshetnikova  Tatyana V. Akhutina  Wim Tops  Olga Dragoy 《Journal of Research in Reading》2020,43(4):516-535

  相似文献   

图书馆流通数据仓库的设计与实现     

胡根桥 《现代情报》2007,27(7):68-70

本文首先阐述了数据仓库的思想，并讨论了图书馆流通系统建立数据仓库的必要性，接着通过具体的例子分析了图书馆流通系统数据仓库的设计过程，从而实现数据仓库技术在图书馆流通系统中的应用，并通过具体的实例展示对流通系统数据仓库进行联机分析的结果。  相似文献