Rare-aware attention network for image–text matching     

《Information processing & management》2023,60(3):103280

Image and text matching bridges visual and textual modality differences and plays a considerable role in cross-modal retrieval. Much progress has been achieved through semantic representation and alignment. However, the distribution of multimedia data is severely unbalanced and contains many low-frequency occurrences, which are often ignored and cause performance degradation, i.e., the long-tail effect. In this work, we propose a novel rare-aware attention network (RAAN), which explores and exploits textual rare content for tackling the long-tail effect of image and text matching. Specifically, we first design a rare-aware mining module, which contains global prior information construction and rare fragment detector for modeling the characteristic of rare content. Then, the rare attention matching utilizes prior information as attention to guide the representation enhancement of rare content and introduces the rareness representation to strengthen the similarity calculation. Finally, we design prior information loss to optimize the model together with the triplet loss. We perform quantitative and qualitative experiments on two large-scale databases and achieve leading performance. In particular, we conduct 0-shot test for rare content and improve rSum by 21.0 and 41.5 on Flickr30K (155,000 image and text pairs) and MSCOCO (616,435 image and text pairs), demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed method for the long-tail effect.  相似文献   

Sport-for-development: A comprehensive analysis of theoretical and conceptual advancements     

《Sport Management Review》2020,23(5):783-796

Over the past decade, the field of sport-for-development (SFD) has experienced significant growth and diversification across research and practice. In this review paper, the authors provide a comprehensive analysis and discussion of the theoretical and conceptual developments within SFD, addressing a gap in the literature. Following a sport-focused review of SFD literature, the authors first identify five theoretical and conceptual frameworks that have emerged from within the SFD space. As a second step, they analyze and discuss scholarly work that has utilized these theories and frameworks. Building on a comparison of key messages, themes, and concerns, the authors highlight that to date, limited SFD scholarship has truly applied, extended, or challenged existing frameworks and conceptualizations. Motivated by this review, they posit several conceptual advancements, and offer directions for future research and theoretical development.  相似文献   

国家治理现代化视域下我国体育智库的责任与担当     

杨涛 《河北体育学院学报》2020,34(6):50-55

党的十九届四中全会明确提出了“坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重大意义和总体要求”。在新的历史时期，我国体育智库的新使命在于推进体育强国、健康中国和体育治理现代化建设。基于此，采用文献资料法和逻辑分析法，从外部和内部两个角度，对我国体育智库的责任和担当进行深入探讨。认为体育智库对内要注重更新管理体制，完善运行机制，建设和优化人才培养体系；对外要通过科研成果转化实现体育产业高质量发展，重塑体育治理生态，提升国家体育文化软实力和国际体育地位硬实力，促进体育融合发展，最终服务于我国体育治理体系和治理能力现代化。  相似文献   

高校体育场馆对外开放突发事件的应急管理机制研究     

王骏  刘海荣  何宁宁  廖大伟 《沈阳体育学院学报》2020,(2):125-132

运用文献资料、实地调查等研究方法,对我国高校体育场馆对外开放突发事件应急管理现状进行调查分析。发现目前我国高校体育场馆对外开放过程中,存在缺乏突发事件应急预案的研制、对安全风险评估不足、缺乏急救设施的配置、场馆现场管理人员缺乏应急管理的培训与演练、场馆现场管理人员数量不足的问题。在高校体育场馆突发事件应急管理发展现状基础上,依托应急管理理论与应急救援理论,架构由突发事件识别与评估模块、决策系统模块、应急救助体系模块、应急预案选择模块、应急救援的执行模块所组成的我国高校体育场馆对外开放突发事件应急管理机制。建议:完善场馆管理规章制度,形成场馆对外开放突发事件应急长效管理机制;加强员工的应急管理理论培训与技能学习;制定各类应急预案并进行演练;保持突发事件应急救援稳定的对外联系畅通。  相似文献   

Knowledge-guided multi-granularity GCN for ABSA     

《Information processing & management》2023,60(2):103223

Aspect-based sentiment analysis aims to determine sentiment polarities toward specific aspect terms within the same sentence or document. Most recent studies adopted attention-based neural network models to implicitly connect aspect terms with context words. However, these studies were limited by insufficient interaction between aspect terms and opinion words, leading to poor performance on robustness test sets. In addition, we have found that robustness test sets create new sentences that interfere with the original information of a sentence, which often makes the text too long and leads to the problem of long-distance dependence. Simultaneously, these new sentences produce more non-target aspect terms, misleading the model because of the lack of relevant knowledge guidance. This study proposes a knowledge guided multi-granularity graph convolutional neural network (KMGCN) to solve these problems. The multi-granularity attention mechanism is designed to enhance the interaction between aspect terms and opinion words. To address the long-distance dependence, KMGCN uses a graph convolutional network that relies on a semantic map based on fine-tuning pre-trained models. In particular, KMGCN uses a mask mechanism guided by conceptual knowledge to encounter more aspect terms (including target and non-target aspect terms). Experiments are conducted on 12 SemEval-2014 variant benchmarking datasets, and the results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed framework.  相似文献   

从“国家意志”到“地方行动”:先秦射礼社会治理模式探析     

张君贤  戴国斌 《沈阳体育学院学报》2020,(1):138-144

以社会控制理论的方法探析先秦射礼的社会治理行为,认为:基于权威关系、核心利益以及情感号召基础上的强制、交换、动员等社会控制要素,在从大射仪到乡射礼的社会治理路径上存在着不同的分配与行使机制。"君与"的大射仪通过意识形态的施压、推行"知识体系"和树立"模范"标杆为强制手段,以"身份"和"资本"交换贵族的"中"与"忠",结合内在动机的激励式动员,达成了表彰"国家意志"的准集权式强制型治理形态;而"君不与"后的乡射礼则是立足政策规范,以"兴贤能"的号召、塑造"社会背景"以及引导自我操控等动员形式为举措,辅之以"禄仕"和"射义"作为民众"道德"与"君子"的回馈而实现的体现"地方行动"的分权式动员型治理风格。从"国家意志"到"地方行动",先秦射礼践行了一种准集权式的强制型与分权式的动员型治理共生共存的社会治理模式。  相似文献   

Rethinking the intention to behavior link in information technology use: Critical review and research directions     

《International Journal of Information Management》2021

Extant research on technology acceptance has devoted considerable attention to the relationship between behavioral intention (BI) and system use (SU) over time. However, the empirical results have been mixed—studies have found BI to both influence and not influence SU. Studies that examined the BI→SU relationship have employed different research models and research designs. Prior research models have examined direct effects on SU, indirect effects on SU through BI, the moderator effects on BI→SU, and the mediating role of BI in BI→SU. Studies have employed different types of respondents, information technologies, geographic regions, voluntariness, and measurement designs. This study proposes that such differences in research models and designs contribute to the mixed results for BI→SU, and reports a meta-analysis of findings reported in 113 prior studies along with a critical review of the BI→SU relationship. While no significant differences were found in the results for the BI→SU relationship across various research design characteristics, this study finds that the measurement of SU has been conflated with future and current or past behavior, direct and indirect effects on SU impact BI→SU, BI is modeled to fully and partially mediate the effects of other variables on SU, and moderators for the BI→SU relationship may be necessary. This study identifies several directions for future research and underlines the need to rethink the link between BI and SU.  相似文献   

高职院校顶岗实习管理机制构建探析     

李耀辉  许春龙  赵成 《苏州市职业大学学报》2021,(1)

顶岗实习是实现高职人才培养目标的重要途径。鉴于当前高职顶岗实习中学校、学生及教师各层面都存在的问题,重新设计了顶岗实习的流程体系,通过校、企、师、生、家五方联动,构建了五途径保障实习岗位、两维度驱动实习成效、四层次规范实习管理、三主体强化实习评价的“五二四三”顶岗实习模式,实现学生、企业、教师、家长、导师和学校的六方共赢。  相似文献   

肌筋膜疼痛综合征诱因及外治手段研究进展     

林键杰  张翔 《体育科技文献通报》2020,(4):28-31

不良生活习惯和伤后康复不佳导致的肌筋膜疼痛综合征已经成为当前影响人们生活质量的因素之一。本文运用文献资料法,梳理肌筋膜疼痛综合征的诱因及外治(非内服药物治疗)手段,探究其干预手段的疗效,由病因入手,研究最佳干预方法。综合研究表明:(1)肌筋膜疼痛综合征病因包括:骨骼肌及筋膜外伤、风寒入侵机体、慢性劳损、局部肌筋膜慢性炎症损伤等;(2)目前对肌筋膜疼痛综合征康复的方法主要以针刺和温和灸为主,本文纳入针刺治疗和温和灸治疗有效率高达89.5%和100%;(3)其发病的常见部位为腰背部及肩颈部,不同部位、不同病因的肌筋膜疼痛综合征应采取不同的治疗方式,复合治疗方法比单一手段干预效果更佳。  相似文献   

Mapping continuity and change in the intellectual structure of the knowledge base on problem-based learning, 1974–2019: A systematic review     

Philip Hallinger 《British Educational Research Journal》2020,46(6):1423-1444

Problem-based learning (PBL) emerged during the 1970s in response to demands for active learning methods capable of developing transferable knowledge and skills in the training of doctors. Over succeeding decades, PBL was gradually adopted in other fields of education. This systematic review aimed to identify key streams of theory and empirical research that have emerged over time in PBL research and practice. The review sourced 12,036 Scopus-indexed documents published between 1974 and 2019. Science mapping was used to reveal the ‘intellectual structure’ or key research themes that have evolved in this literature over the past 45 years. The science mapping tool used in this review was author co-citation analysis conducted in VOSviewer software. Author co-citation analysis identified three schools of thought that together describe the intellectual structure of the PBL knowledge base: Design of PBL Curriculum and Instruction; PBL Effectiveness; Theory and Practice in Active Learning. In addition to portraying the intellectual structure of the literature as a whole, the review also conducted longitudinal analyses aimed at highlighting structural changes in this field over time. These analyses found that although the size and impact of schools of thought associated with Design of PBL Curriculum and Instruction and PBL Effectiveness increased over time, they remained stable in terms of theoretical foci. However, the Active Learning school evolved from a small school of authors associated with Cognitive Learning Theories prior to 2000 into the largest school of thought during the most recent decades. These findings both reaffirm the theoretical underpinnings of the PBL knowledge base and highlight its increasing integration with other forms of active learning.  相似文献