Gene editing in plants: progress and challenges     

Yanfei Mao  Jose Ramon Botella  Yaoguang Liu  Jian-Kang Zhu 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2019,6(3):421

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated protein 9 (Cas9) genome editing system is a powerful tool for targeted gene modifications in a wide range of species, including plants. Over the last few years, this system has revolutionized the way scientists perform genetic studies and crop breeding, due to its simplicity, flexibility, consistency and high efficiency. Considerable progress has been made in optimizing CRISPR/Cas9 systems in plants, particularly for targeted gene mutagenesis. However, there are still a number of important challenges ahead, including methods for the efficient delivery of CRISPR and other editing tools to most plants, and more effective strategies for sequence knock-ins and replacements. We provide our viewpoint on the goals, potential concerns and future challenges for the development and application of plant genome editing tools.  相似文献   

网络课程的内容进化机制设计与技术实现   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

谭霓  余胜泉  吕啸 《远程教育杂志》2011,29(1):80-84

当前我国网络课程建设与应用普遍存在以下问题:课程内容结构封闭和更新迟缓,教学形式具有单向传递性;课程内容与学习活动在应用上的分离,影响学生主体地位的发挥;不同教学学期衔接或课程内容在不同教师间共享时,教学过程中的生成性资源存在丢失的现象。因此,探讨如何根据网络课程内容进化理念,提供相应的环境与机制,从而促进学习内容、教师及学生三者在网络教学过程中的交互,并通过积聚大众智慧来促进课程内容的动态发展,对于提高网络课程教学质量具有重要意义。  相似文献   

确立精品意识 争创一流期刊——关于办好《渭南师范学院学报》的思考     

牛怀岗 《渭南师范学院学报》2001,16(3):84-87

未来报刊市场不再是数量与规模的增长，而是质量的竞争，即期刊的精品化。要办好期刊，一是要坚持正确的舆论导向；二是要树立精品意识，争创期刊名牌；三是要加强业务学习，使学报出版规范化；四是要精心策划，发挥优势，办出特色；五是要面向社会，加强交流与合作。  相似文献   

孙犁的编辑思想略论     

宗健梅 《河北师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2006,29(6):156-160

孙犁是一位卓有成绩的,具有独到见解的编辑家.其独到见解主要体现在:一、主张办刊要小而精,以发现新人培养新人为办刊方向;二、提出了编辑要成为"杂家"的论说;三、倡导编辑既做编辑,也是作者;四,对作者的原稿,可改可不改者,不改;可删可不删者,不删.不代作者作文章.多少年来,人们只谈孙犁的文学成就,却很少论及他的编辑实践活动.其实,孙犁的编辑实践活动,自始至终伴随着他文学创作的实践活动,可以说,编辑工作是孙犁文学创作生涯的一个组成部分.  相似文献   

《汉书·艺文志》之敬儒思想     

张贺 《宿州教育学院学报》2021,(1)

《汉书·艺文志》是我国官修史志目录的开山之作,由东汉班固根据刘歆的《七略》增删改撰而成。《汉书·艺文志》中班固的敬儒思想主要体现在两个方面:序文的撰写,以总序和《六艺略》《诸子略》和《诗赋略》的序文为例;在“略”“种”的排序中,班固将《六艺略》置于六略之首,把《易》放在《六艺略》之首,诸子各家中又首推儒家。在序文的撰写和图书的编次中都表现出了鲜明的敬儒倾向,这种倾向既有其特定的时代背景,又有其个人因素。  相似文献   

CRISPR/Cas: a Nobel Prize award-winning precise genome editing technology for gene therapy and crop improvement     

Li  Chao  Brant  Eleanor  Budak  Hikmet  Zhang  Baohong 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2021,22(4):253-284

Since it was first recognized in bacteria and archaea as a mechanism for innate viral immunity in the early 2010 s,clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein(Cas) has rapidly been developed into a robust, multifunctional genome editing tool with many uses. Following the discovery of the initial CRISPR/Cas-based system, the technology has been advanced to facilitate a multitude of different functions. These include development as a base editor, prime editor, epigenetic editor, and CRISPR interference(CRISPRi) and CRISPR activator(CRISPRa) gene regulators. It can also be used for chromatin and RNA targeting and imaging. Its applications have proved revolutionary across numerous biological fields, especially in biomedical and agricultural improvement. As a diagnostic tool, CRISPR has been developed to aid the detection and screening of both human and plant diseases, and has even been applied during the current coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic. CRISPR/Cas is also being trialed as a new form of gene therapy for treating various human diseases, including cancers, and has aided drug development. In terms of agricultural breeding, precise targeting of biological pathways via CRISPR/Cas has been key to regulating molecular biosynthesis and allowing modification of proteins, starch, oil, and other functional components for crop improvement. Adding to this, CRISPR/Cas has been shown capable of significantly enhancing both plant tolerance to environmental stresses and overall crop yield via the targeting of various agronomically important gene regulators. Looking to the future, increasing the efficiency and precision of CRISPR/Cas delivery systems and limiting off-target activity are two major challenges for wider application of the technology. This review provides an in-depth overview of current CRISPR development, including the advantages and disadvantages of the technology,recent applications, and future considerations.  相似文献   

参考文献的著录质量亟待提高   总被引：14，自引：6，他引：8  

雷琪 《编辑学报》2006,18(1):40-41

指出参考文献著录中存在的9个方面的问题,包括机械式转引,非必要的引用,著录时效性不强,引用非正式文献,引用地域性窄,文献引用过少,不恰当自引,剽窃及文献著录形式上的错误,并提出一些在编辑加工过程中保证参考文献著录质量的措施.  相似文献   

应该重视科技期刊论文中的"致谢"   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

张嵘 《编辑学报》2006,18(1):29-30

国内外科技期刊对文后"致谢"的重视程度差异很大,统计表明,国内外40种科技期刊中的16437篇论文,其文后有致谢内容的比例,国外超过50%,而国内仅为2%～3%.通过对国内外科技期刊论文的致谢内容、表达方式等异同点进行分析,认为:致谢不仅能体现科技论文的严谨性、真实性和科学性,而且能体现论文本身的价值和可信程度,更重要的是对他人和知识产权的尊重;因此,应该重视科技期刊论文中的致谢.提出了致谢编排的一般规范和应采取的措施.  相似文献   

农业期刊农药名称使用情况分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄军保  杜学梅  贺晋瑜  李敏生  陈实  韩凤 《编辑学报》2006,18(1):24-26

农药名称是农业期刊中经常出现的专有名词,农药名称的多系统命名容易造成使用混淆.以<农药通用名称><农药通用名称及制剂名称命名原则和程序><农药产品标签通则>等为依据,归纳出农业期刊中农药名称常见的不规范形式,并分析农药名称使用不规范的原因,提出了应制订有关各种农药名称编辑规范,加大宣传、贯彻农药名称相关标准的力度,加强使用农药名称的相关部门配合与协调,加大农药标签的检查、监督力度的建议.  相似文献   

HyperSnap-DX软件在科技期刊图形与图像处理中的应用     

朱伟 《编辑学报》2006,18(2):133-133

北大方正书版排版系统支持的图形、图像格式有限,仅支持.tif等少数图形文件格式,因此,在很多情况下,如格式为.doc、,dwg等的图形一般采用扫描的方法,通过photoshop软件处理后,再存为.tif格式文件为北大方正书版所利用,但有时效果不佳.  相似文献