Methods for assessing higher education research team collaboration: comparing research outputs and participant perceptions across four collaborative research teams     

Nick Kelly  Joanne Doyle  Marisa Parker 《高等教育研究与发展》2020,39(2):215-229

ABSTRACT

This article suggests that situations in which multiple research teams are convened under similar conditions present an opportunity to discover factors that lead to productive collaboration. It argues that social network analysis of research team outputs becomes more valuable when paired with data about research participant perceptions; and that any variables used as indicators of collaboration need to be calibrated using datasets from multiple studies with cross-team comparisons. The article provides an example of the kind of methodology needed to achieve this, describing a study with data from four research teams based at an Australian university campus, reporting their research performance over four years under conditions in which many variables were controlled and with results augmented by a survey of participant perceptions. Findings from the study indicate that there were exceptions to hypothesized associations between participant perceptions of collaboration and specific social network analysis measures over co-authorship data. The article suggests that, given the methodological challenges of studying research teams in the field, multiple datasets combining findings such as those in the present study are a path towards the development of indicators of productive higher education research collaboration.  相似文献   

Improving nature of science instruction in elementary classes with modified science trade books and educative curriculum materials     

Jeanne L. Brunner  Fouad Abd-El-Khalick 《科学教学研究杂志》2020,57(2):154-183

This study investigated the effect of including explicit nature of science (NOS) content in read-alouds of elementary science trade books on the teaching and learning of NOS. We focused on three aspects of NOS: the creative, the empirical, and the inferential NOS. The trade books were read aloud by teachers in three hierarchical levels: Level I served as a control and consisted of a trade book that remained unmodified, Level II consisted of a trade book that had been modified to include explicit references to NOS, and Level III consisted of a modified trade book accompanied by educative curriculum materials that were aimed at improving the teachers' views of NOS as well as supporting teaching about NOS. We used the Views of Nature of Science Questionnaire-form CE (VNOS-CE) preintervention and postintervention to determine changes in teachers' views of NOS and interviews preintervention and postintervention to determine changes in students' views. Audio recordings of read-alouds were used to determine changes in teaching practice, including the frequency and the quality (i.e., naïve or informed) of the NOS references in the discussions. Interviews were used to determine teachers' perceptions of the modified trade books and educative curriculum materials. We found that both teachers and students developed more informed views of the targeted NOS aspects after the intervention and that teachers addressed NOS more often, and in a more informed manner, when they had trade books that explicitly supported NOS instruction and educative curriculum materials that supported their learning about NOS. Furthermore, they perceived the intervention materials favorably. Teachers' views and practices were able to change in tandem because of the intervention materials that supported explicit NOS instruction. We highlight the need for more widespread development of similar educative curriculum materials.  相似文献   

Bayesian reasoning in avalanche terrain: a theoretical investigation     

Philip A. Ebert 《Journal of Adventure Education & Outdoor Learning》2019,19(1):84-95

In this article, I explore a Bayesian approach to avalanche decision-making. I motivate this perspective by highlighting a version of the base-rate fallacy and show that a similar pattern applies to decision-making in avalanche-terrain. I then draw out three theoretical lessons from adopting a Bayesian approach and discuss these lessons critically. Lastly, I highlight a number of challenges for avalanche educators when incorporating the Bayesian perspective in their curriculum.  相似文献   

Analyzing Food Science Research for Publishing Characteristics as a Model for Understanding the Needs of Researchers     

Lutishoor Salisbury  Jeremy J. Smith  Abayomi Omotola Omolewu 《资料收集管理》2020,45(4):335-353

Abstract

This paper provides a methodology to study the characteristics of the research output from a university department. The faculty publications and their cited references over a 10-year period were used as the basis for this study to identify their publishing patterns and the types of material they are publishing; a core set of journals and other resources they are publishing in and citing over this period; the characteristics of the journals in which they publish and cite; the degree of openness of their publications and their citation advantage; and the age of resources that are referenced.  相似文献   

人工智能时代情报学发展走向之辨——对本体论、感知论、方法论、服务论的再思考     

曹文振  赖纪瑶  王延飞 《情报学报》2020,39(5):557-564

人工智能相关技术的迅猛发展和逐步普及,使得情报学难以避免人工智能的融合趋势,无论这种融合是主动为之或是被动选择。然而学界对人工智能时代情报学学科的发展走向并未予以充分探讨,大部分研究均将焦点置于大数据与下一代互联网环境中进行论述。本研究将人工智能时代情报学学科走向解构为"本体论""感知论""方法论""服务论"四个论题,对每个论题借由理论面向与实践面向的二分法展开阐释,并从整体视角上提出应在人工智能洪流中找准情报学定位,不能忽视"人"在情报学中的价值以及重视跨学科融合、跨领域应用的发展趋势。  相似文献   

科技期刊编辑在学术生态圈构建中的作用与作为     

邢爱敏 《编辑学报》2020,32(5):586-590

当前学术生态现状堪忧,由此引起了大众对科技期刊学术质量、学术操守的普遍质疑。而科技期刊编辑在学术传播中的主体性质决定了其在学术生态圈构建中具有不可推卸的责任。同时,基于严谨的治学态度、慧眼识珠的才能、良好的沟通交流能力以及资源意识的自我培养,科技期刊编辑在构建学术生态圈方面的潜能也被充分激发,“问题前置化”策略防范学术不端、保持终身学习态度以提高自身学术素养、组建优质专家库以打造学术共同体这3项措施则体现了科技期刊编辑在构建学术生态圈中的担当和作为。  相似文献   

图书情报学领域学科交叉及其国家差异的动态分析     

王思茗  滕广青 《图书情报知识》2020,(3):109-118,F0003

[目的/意义]领域知识的跨学科交叉研究能够打破学科间的壁垒,有助于发现重大科学问题的解决方案。[研究设计/方法]基于图书情报学领域文献题录信息构建轻量级领域知识图谱,从中提取学科信息、国家信息、时间信息及其关联,采用时间与空间相结合的多维度分析方法,对学科交叉的演化进程以及国家差异进行跟踪与分析。[结论/发现]图书情报学领域内学科交叉现象日渐显著,各国家的学科交叉程度与倾向存在差异,一些目前尚不突出的交叉学科方向值得关注。[创新/价值]采用多维度视角分析学科交叉现象,相关结论可以为国家科技战略制定及学科发展规划提供有益参考。  相似文献   

Mapping continuity and change in the intellectual structure of the knowledge base on problem-based learning, 1974–2019: A systematic review     

Philip Hallinger 《British Educational Research Journal》2020,46(6):1423-1444

Problem-based learning (PBL) emerged during the 1970s in response to demands for active learning methods capable of developing transferable knowledge and skills in the training of doctors. Over succeeding decades, PBL was gradually adopted in other fields of education. This systematic review aimed to identify key streams of theory and empirical research that have emerged over time in PBL research and practice. The review sourced 12,036 Scopus-indexed documents published between 1974 and 2019. Science mapping was used to reveal the ‘intellectual structure’ or key research themes that have evolved in this literature over the past 45 years. The science mapping tool used in this review was author co-citation analysis conducted in VOSviewer software. Author co-citation analysis identified three schools of thought that together describe the intellectual structure of the PBL knowledge base: Design of PBL Curriculum and Instruction; PBL Effectiveness; Theory and Practice in Active Learning. In addition to portraying the intellectual structure of the literature as a whole, the review also conducted longitudinal analyses aimed at highlighting structural changes in this field over time. These analyses found that although the size and impact of schools of thought associated with Design of PBL Curriculum and Instruction and PBL Effectiveness increased over time, they remained stable in terms of theoretical foci. However, the Active Learning school evolved from a small school of authors associated with Cognitive Learning Theories prior to 2000 into the largest school of thought during the most recent decades. These findings both reaffirm the theoretical underpinnings of the PBL knowledge base and highlight its increasing integration with other forms of active learning.  相似文献   

高校图书馆科普基地社会化服务探索——以西华师范大学图书馆为例     

魏海霞  吴晓川 《图书情报工作》2019,63(18):47-53

[目的/意义]针对我国高校图书馆社会化服务效果不佳的状况，试图寻找一种有效且能长期开展的模式，以促进高校图书馆广泛参与，更好地满足民众的文化需求。[方法/过程]以西华师范大学图书馆为例，从组织构建、运作模式、社会效益概述科普基地社会化服务模式，并分析该模式具有构建约束机制、资源保障机制与激励机制、服务渠道的畅通机制的优势。[结果/结论]在自愿的原则下，高校图书馆与省委宣传部、省社科联联合共建科普基地以开展社会化服务，通过经费多家出，协调搭台，借用科普基地完善的管理体制与运行机制，构建高校图书馆社会化服务的长效机制。科普基地工作已在全国广泛开展，高校图书馆作为重要的文化服务单位位于申报对象之列且容易具备申报条件。因此，科普基地社会化服务模式是一种灵活的、有效的、可操作的，且具有广泛参与机制与可持续的模式，值得推广。  相似文献   

图书馆科普教育现状与发展路径探究——基于25个省市88家科普教育基地调查     

徐基田 《图书情报工作》2020,64(9):35-45

[目的/意义] 图书馆肩负着实施科普教育的法定职责，拥有品种多样、内容丰富的科普文献与信息资源的图书馆，在开展科普教育方面具有得天独厚的优势。图书馆科普教育起步比较早，2005年，中国图书馆学会成立科普与阅读指导委员会；但在图书馆业界，科普教育只是零星的点缀式服务创新探索，尚未成为常态化服务项目。在依法治馆、创新发展的新时代，寻求图书馆科普教育发展路径具有较强理论和实践意义。[方法/过程] 通过互联网、微信等社交网络平台，对图书馆科普教育基地建设的状况进行调研，从基地等级、基地类型、基地数量、区域分布、有效期限以及认定依据等方面进行深入分析，并对图书馆实施科普教育提出发展路径以供选择。[结果/结论] 图书馆科普教育应坚持基地建设与科普服务相结合、阅读推广与全民科普相融合、科普与游学并举等策略，走设施、资源、服务"三位一体"的持续稳健协调发展之路。  相似文献