Creativity development in preschoolers: The effects of children’s museum visits and other education environment factors     

《Studies in Educational Evaluation》2020

As one of the potential contextual factors for creativity development, children’s museum has been introduced to China from the western world in recent years, with the aim to offer a new informal educational environment to enhance children’s creativity. Based on experimental data for two groups of 4-year-old preschoolers (218 for the family mode and 202 for the preschool mode) from Beijing with an appropriately one-year long intervention (September 2017 to July 2018), this study examines the effect of regular visits to a children’s museum and other education environmental factors on young children’s creativity measured by Torrance’s Thinking Creatively in Action and Movement (TCAM) test. Results indicate that in terms of family visit, compared to the control group, the intervention that offers 18 times free tickets to visit a children’s museum significantly improved the experiment group’s originality (a sub-measure of creativity) by an additional 34.51 %. A beneficial effect of this intervention was also found in improving children’s fluency from the sample of preschool group visit (46.80 %). In addition, family education environment factors such as public preschool attendance, frequency of visits to science museums, and the degree of parents’ latitude were also found to positively affect creativity. Children’s personal features such as sex and geographic location of the family are also found to be related with children’s creativity.  相似文献   

花样游泳运动员功能性动作能力与力量素质的相关性研究     

陈文佳  章碧玉  沈兆喆 《中国体育科技》2020,(2):71-80,F0003

目的:探讨我国优秀花样游泳运动员功能性动作能力与力量素质的相关性,分析功能动作筛查测试与力量素质测试结果存在的内在联系,从专项视角探讨花样游泳运动项目的训练策略并提出建议。方法:选取国家花样游泳队14名健将级运动员为研究对象,对其进行FMS、握力、上肢力量、股内收肌群力量、躯干核心耐力、下肢爆发力测试,并对测试结果进行相关性分析。结果:1)14名花样游泳运动员FMS测试平均得分为15.21分,有5人测试得分低于运动损伤高风险的临界值(14分);2)FMS测试总分与Keiser坐姿上推(偏相关系数=0.622,P<0.05)、45°股内收肌群横向收缩力量(偏相关系数=0.652,P<0.05)、90°股内收肌群横向收缩力量(偏相关系数=0.746,P<0.01)均呈正相关;3)直线弓步蹲与Keiser坐姿上推(偏相关系数=0.711,P<0.05)、无反向纵跳(偏相关系数=0.661,P<0.05)、有反向纵跳(偏相关系数=0.614,P<0.05)和40 cm跳深跳高(偏相关系数=0.754,P<0.01)均呈正相关;肩部灵活性测试得分与Keiser下蹲上推(偏相关系数=0.575,P<0.05)、45°股内收肌群横向收缩力量(偏相关系数=0.585,P<0.05)以及90°股内收肌群横向收缩力量(r=0.867,P<0.01)均呈正相关,与仰桥耐力呈负相关(偏相关系数=0.701,P<0.05);旋转稳定性与40 cm跳深跳高呈正相关(偏相关系数=0.575,P<0.05)。结论:我国优秀花样游泳运动员髋关节主动灵活性和臀大肌-髂胫束联合等肌群的主动柔韧性较好,但存在膝关节、髋关节稳定性差、躯干核心区肌群控制力不足等问题,受主导臂和主导腿均为右侧影响,运动员身体两侧不平衡明显。运动员FMS测试得分并不能全面反映其力量素质的高低,FMS测试得分与部分力量素质测试结果存在相关性,可能与两种测试均涉及同一动力链结构系统肌群的协同工作和动作存在做功类型的相似性有关。  相似文献   

Difference score reliabilities within the RIAS-2 and WISC-V     

Ryan L. Farmer  Samuel Y. Kim 《Psychology in the schools》2020,57(8):1273-1288

Many prominent intelligence tests (e.g., Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fifth Edition [WISC-V] and Reynolds Intellectual Abilities Scale, Second Edition [RIAS-2]) offer methods for computing subtest- and composite-level difference scores. This study uses data provided in the technical manual of the WISC-V and RIAS-2 to calculate reliability coefficients for difference scores. Subtest-level difference score reliabilities range from 0.59 to 0.99 for the RIAS-2 and from 0.53 to 0.87 for the WISC-V. Composite-level difference score reliabilities generally range from 0.23 to 0.95 for the RIAS-2 and from 0.36 to 0.87 for the WISC-V. Emphasis is placed on comparisons recommended by test publishers and a discussion of minimum requirements for interpretation of differences scores is provided.  相似文献   

Efficacy of using non-linear pedagogy to support attacking players’ individual learning objectives in elite-youth football: A randomised cross-over trial     

Simon J. Roberts  James R. Rudd  Matthew J. Reeves 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(11-12):1454-1464

ABSTRACT

The present study examined the efficacy of a coaching curriculum, based on non-linear pedagogy, on improving attacking players’ individual learning objectives (ILOs) in elite-youth football. Participants included 22 attacking players (i.e., centre-forwards, wide-players and attacking midfield players) from a professional football academy in England. The players were randomly appointed to both control (CON) and intervention (INT) periods following baseline measures. The INT (non-linear) and CON (linear) periods were both designed to support the ILOs provided to each player as part of the elite player performance plan. The study adopted a randomised cross-over design and ILOs considered important for attacking players (i.e., strong foot finishing, weak foot finishing, 1-v-1 and decision-making) were evaluated using the Loughborough Shooting Skill Test. The results showed significant differences for INT in 1-v-1 (P< 0.02) and decision-making (P< 0.01). However, there were no significant differences for strong foot finishing, weak foot finishing or time taken. These results support non-linear pedagogy in developing 1-v-1 game play and decision-making but not for technical shooting proficiency.  相似文献   

一种旧的新逻辑:实质归纳理论     

李帅 《科学技术哲学研究》2020,37(1):20-26

诺顿在古德曼和亨普尔等人的启发下,结合他的科学哲学研究背景,提出一种不同于他所定义的“形式归纳理论”的“实质归纳理论”,强调归纳的局部应用性,拒斥普遍的归纳推理模式。归纳推理的基础往往建立在具体领域的事实之上,因此所有的归纳推理都是局部的。诺顿认为归纳推理模式是由事实授权的,我们可以通过考察这些事实的可靠性来评估归纳风险。同时实质归纳理论不再区分归纳的事实部分和模式部分,所以不易受休谟问题的影响。但我们发现,诺顿的归纳辩护面临着亟待解决的问题,其理论也遭受多方面的批评。实质归纳理论是归纳逻辑领域的前沿性成果,引起了逻辑学界和科学哲学界的广泛关注,一定程度上体现了归纳逻辑的强劲生命力和广阔的发展前景。  相似文献   

新时代我国体育消费力提升研究     

孙威  王晓辉 《沈阳体育学院学报》2020,(3):49-55

当前我国体育消费力较弱,亟需通过研究提升体育消费力。运用文献资料、逻辑分析等方法,依据马克思消费力理论提出并解析了体育消费力的4要素及其现实情况:体育供给不到位导致消费品难以满足需求、居民收入不平衡限制消费者的支付能力、体育环境不规范阻滞良好消费氛围的形成、体育消费者不成熟拉低消费力的整体水平。体育消费力提升路径:以供给侧结构性改革为主线有效优化体育供给力,以拓宽人民增收渠道为手段动态平衡居民可支配收入,以完善市场化引导监督机制为动力合理规范体育社会环境,以强化消费者要素整合能力为抓手全面提升体育消费者成熟度。  相似文献   

Pre-service teachers' implicit and explicit beliefs about English language learners: An implicit association test study     

《Teaching and Teacher Education》2018

Pre-service teachers' attitudes and beliefs about English Learners (ELs) are especially critical as they enter their professions among an increasingly diverse student population. This study uses an Implicit Association Test to explore implicit and explicit beliefs and attitudes of pre-service teachers about ELs. Pre-service teachers from a Southeastern U.S. university hold generally positive implicit beliefs about ELs and express positive expectations for working with ELs and school support. Implicit association test measures have potential as tools for preparing pre-service teachers and evaluating the impact of interventions that seek to improve teachers’ readiness to serve this population.  相似文献   

一个带协变量调整多响应比较的高效方法及其在基因组数据中的应用     

张胜虎  朱家砚  张三国 《中国科学院大学学报》2019,36(2):155-161

目前在文献中有很多关于多响应比较的研究方法，但是对带协变量调整的非参数检验的研究较少。一种直观的想法是将数据先投影到协变量的正交空间中，然后再利用秩和检验、调整的秩和检验或最大值检验方法。但是，功效普遍不高。在调整的秩和检验和伪F检验两种方法基础上，构建MIN2检验。大量模拟和实际数据表明，MIN2检验的效果优于现有的非参数检验方法。  相似文献   

欧洲九国共产党情报局机关刊物《争取持久和平,争取人民民主!》与中国关系考述(1949-1956)     

哈战荣 《图书馆杂志》2020,(4):21-26

《争取持久和平,争取人民民主!》是20世纪40年代中后期,欧洲九个社会主义国家的共产党和工人党为了一致行动而建立的情报局机关刊物。该刊物对新中国初期我国经济社会建设及成就进行了大量宣传与报道,对加强我国与世界其他爱好和平、渴求民主的各国人民加强互信、长存友谊贡献很大,也对当前学者研究新中国初期我国经济社会发展的过程、成就和经验等提供了原始史料,学术研究意义也很重大。但是,目前对这份刊物及其发挥过的重大作用了解的人少之又少,时值中国共产党成立100周年之际,对其创刊与发行的历史过程进行回顾、宣传中国社会经济发展的全貌进行展示、推动世界社会主义运动的作用进行肯定,意义都很重大。  相似文献   

Responses to oral glucose challenge differ by physical activity volume and intensity: A pilot study     

Trevor N. Simper  Cecile Morris  Anthony Lynn  Ciara O'Hagan  Karen Kilner 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2020,9(6):645-650

BackgroundOne-hour postprandial hyperglycemia is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Physical activity (PA) has short-term beneficial effects on post-meal glucose response. This study compared the oral glucose tolerance test results of 3 groups of people with habitually different levels of PA.MethodsThirty-one adults without diabetes (age 25.9 ± 6.6 years; body mass index 23.8 ± 3.8 kg/m²; mean ± SD) were recruited and divided into 3 groups based on self-reported PA volume and intensity: low activity < 30 min/day of moderate-intensity activity (n = 11), moderately active ≥ 30 min/day of moderate-intensity PA (n = 10), and very active ≥ 60 min/day of PA at high intensity (n = 10). Participants completed an oral glucose tolerance test (50 g glucose) with capillary blood samples obtained at baseline, 15 min, 30 min, 45 min, 60 min, 90 min, and 120 min post-ingestion.ResultsThere were no significant differences between groups for age or body fat percentage or glycated hemoglobin (p > 0.05). The groups were significantly different in terms of baseline glucose level (p = 0.003) and, marginally, for gender (p = 0.053) and BMI (p = 0.050). There was a statistically significant effect of PA on the 1-h postprandial glucose results (p = 0.029), with differences between very active and low activity groups (p = 0.008) but not between the moderately active and low activity groups (p = 0.360), even when baseline glucose level and gender differences were accounted for. For incremental area under the curve there was no significant effect of activity group once gender and body fat percentage had been accounted for (p = 0.401). Those in the low activity group took 15 min longer to reach peak glucose level than those in the very active group (p = 0.012).ConclusionThe results suggest that high levels of PA have a beneficial effect on postprandial blood glucose profiles when compared to low and moderate levels of activity.  相似文献