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In this article, we build on Stigler and Becker’s (1977) “consumption capital theory” and propose a novel conceptualization of film quality for the analysis of motion picture franchises. Generally, this theory predicts that the utility consumers derive from a particular good or service increases with prior consumption. We test our theoretical conjectures by drawing on the population of sequels that were running in the US between 1992 and 2011. The empirical results point to the explanatory power of the proposed framework. Film executives may use our findings to improve the profitability of their sequel productions. From a theoretical point of view, consumption capital theory allows for a more refined analysis of sequel performance along different dimensions. Moreover, it may provide a fruitful basis for the analysis of other serial media content, including books, TV, music, and games. 相似文献
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Ansgar Molzberger 《国际体育史杂志》2014,31(12):1478-1488
The German re-entry into the Olympic Movement after the Second World War took place at the 1952 Olympic Winter Games in Oslo – the capital of a country which had been occupied by Nazi Germany from 1940 to 1945. The wounds of war had by no means healed in Norway at the time of the Oslo event; thus, the 1952 Olympic Games became once more a political issue. In fact, prior to the event, the question of German participation had given rise to numerous discussions between Norway, the Federal Republic of Germany and the IOC. Therefore, the West German ‘Return to Olympia’ was a process which took two years and required patience and diplomatic tact. The objective of this article is to trace this process both from the Norwegian and German perspectives since the research results on the subject available to date emphasised either a Norwegian or a German perspective. This approach also seems interesting against the historical background of the onset of the Cold War. 相似文献
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Wolfgang Seiberl Elisabeth Jensen Josephine Merker Marco Leitel Ansgar Schwirtz 《European Journal of Sport Science》2018,18(8):1100-1109
Force plates represent the “gold standard” in measuring running kinetics to predict performance or to identify the sources of running-related injuries. As these measurements are generally limited to laboratory analyses, wireless high-quality sensors for measuring in the field are needed. This work analysed the accuracy and precision of a new wireless insole forcesensor for quantifying running-related kinetic parameters. Vertical ground reaction force (GRF) was simultaneously measured with pit-mounted force plates (1?kHz) and loadsol® sensors (100?Hz) under unshod forefoot and rearfoot running-step conditions. GRF data collections were repeated four times, each separated by 30 min treadmill running, to test influence of extended use. A repeated-measures ANOVA was used to identify differences between measurement devices. Additionally, mean bias and Bland–Altman limits of agreement (LoA) were calculated. We found a significant difference (p?® devices for these parameters. For these same parameters, the LoA analysis showed that 95% of all measurement differences between insole and force plate measurements were less than 12%, demonstrating high precision of the sensors. However, highly dynamic behaviour of GRF, such as force rate, is not yet sufficiently resolved by the insole devices, which is likely explained by the low sampling rate. 相似文献
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Ansgar Allen 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2012,33(5):641-659
This paper argues that, despite the obvious and important differences between high-stakes and low-stakes assessment, there remain important points in common. These manifest themselves at a sociological level, where each tradition of assessment shares a similar disposition towards power. It is argued that both high-stakes and low-stakes assessment, as they are practised in England today, act together in support of a wider regime of power. This regime relies upon the construction of specialised subjectivities, defined by a myopic and self-perpetuating concern with individual progression. 相似文献
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Education systems increasingly emphasize the importance of scientific reasoning skills such as generating hypotheses and evaluating evidence. Despite this importance, we do not know which tests of scientific reasoning exist, which skills they emphasize, how they conceptualize scientific reasoning, and how well they are evaluated. Therefore, this article reviews 38 scientific reasoning tests. They used to primarily consist of multiple-choice questions, but since then have become more diverse, even including tests that automatically analyse virtual experiments. Furthermore, this review revealed that the tests focus on the skills of generating hypotheses, generating evidence, evaluating evidence, and drawing conclusions. Additionally, conceptualizations of scientific reasoning have moved towards a domain-specific set of different but coordinated skills over the years. Finally, concluding from gaps in test evaluation, a future focus should be on testing theoretical assumptions, comparing different scientific reasoning tests, and how relevant test results are in predicting criterion variables like academic performance. 相似文献
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Chelsea Dainton Naomi Winstone Peter Klaver Bertram Opitz 《Mind, Brain, and Education》2020,14(2):139-145
While feedback is a key facilitator of learning, researchers have yet to determine the ideal feedback process for optimal performance in learners. The current study investigates the combined effects of ease of decoding, and utility of feedback during learning. Accuracy and rate of learning were recorded alongside changes to the feedback related negativity (FRN), an event‐related potential (ERP) elicited by feedback stimuli. This study investigates the FRN within the context of future‐focused directive feedback (DF), in addition to past‐focused evaluative feedback (EF) typically seen in the neuroscience literature. Results indicate a main effect of utility together with an interaction with ease of decoding on the accuracy data, but only the main effect of utility on learning rate. DF produced an FRN, like EF, which was then larger during high‐utility feedback, specifically following negative EF or when hard‐to‐decode. Implications and future research directions are discussed. 相似文献
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Arne Güllich Peter Kovar Sebastian Zart Ansgar Reimann 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(3):207-215
This study examined contributions of different types of sport activities to the development of elite youth soccer performance. Match-play performance of 44 German male players was assessed by expert coaches twice, 24 months apart (age 11.1–13.1 years), based on videotaped 5v5 matches. Player pairs were matched by identical age and initial performance at t1. Each player was assigned to a group of either “Strong” or “Weak Responders” based on a higher or lower subsequent performance improvement at t2 within each pair (mean Δperformance 29% vs. 7%). A questionnaire recorded current and earlier amounts of organised practice/training and non-organised sporting play, in soccer and other sports, respectively. Group comparison revealed that “Strong Responders” accumulated more non-organised soccer play and organised practice/training in other sports, but not more organised soccer practice/training. Subsequent multivariate analyses (multiple linear regression analyses (MLR)) highlighted that higher resultant match-play performance at t2 was accounted for R2adj = 0.65 by performance at t1, together with more non-organised soccer play and organised engagement in other sports, respectively, and greater current, but less earlier volume of organised soccer. The findings suggest that variable early sporting experience facilitates subsequent soccer performance development in German elite youth footballers. 相似文献
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