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During the last 40 years or so, England and Wales and France have had to face the challenge of trying to educate a significant number of young immigrants whose mother tongue is not that of the host country. This paper compares and contrasts the approaches adopted and the measures taken to develop the linguistic competence of these young immigrants in the two countries, with particular reference to Toulouse in France and the London borough of Brent in England. Initially segregationist, the approach in both countries is now more integrationist, particularly in Brent. The differences in approach and provision reflect the differing educational traditions of the two countries. The degree of individual attention which immigrant pupils may receive differs in Brent and Toulouse. There are indications of success in developing second language skills in France, but national data on the effectiveness of second language teaching in England and Wales are lacking. Little mother-tongue tuition takes place in either country. 相似文献
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As with colonial transition elsewhere, the language patterns in Hong Kong have changed with the return of sovereignty to China. Biglossia (whereby Hong Kong Cantonese and English predominate) is shifting to triglossia, as Putonghua, the official language of the People's Republic of China, has become increasingly important. This paper focuses on the impact of colonial transition and in particular the emergence of Putonghua and on the language subjects in the primary and secondary school curricula in Hong Kong. It argues that, whilst the rationale for promoting Putonghua is logical, tensions are evident in the school curricula, most notably in two areas. Firstly, the curricula were already heavily biased in favour of language subjects and, secondly, the necessary teaching expertise for Putonghua is not readily available. 相似文献
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P. PAUL HEPPNER S. CRAIG ROONEY LISA Y. FLORES JEFFREY M. TARRANT JACQUELINE K. HOWARD AMY M. MULHOLLAND RUSSELL THYE SHERRI L. TURNER KATHERINE M. HANSON RODERICK L. LILLY 《Counselor Education & Supervision》1999,38(3):205-217
This study examined the effects of a 2-step practice poster session on first-year doctoral students' self-efficacy beliefs about making professional presentations, and evaluated the usefulness of an active-learning teaching assignment. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected from participants after each of 2 practice poster sessions. The results (a) suggest that the relatively brief training exercise significantly increased participants' self-efficacy to give scholarly presentations, and (b) replicate earlier reports about the usefulness of the learning assignment. 相似文献
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Much of the literature on problem based learning (PBL) is concerned with efficacy or with guidelines on design or implementation. Relatively few articles focus on problems with problem based learning, and none that we could find provided suggestions as to how interactive multimedia might help alleviate those problems. In this article we begin with a review of problem based learning including a rationale for its use in the curriculum. Then we identify some of the problems inherent in designing and implementing problem based learning, and end the article with a discussion of how multimedia might be used to address some of those problems. 相似文献
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In this article, we argue for a change in how researchers study motivation to learn. We believe that research can provide better explanations of the origins and outcomes of behavior, and thus be more useful, if we focus on how motivation develops and why it changes. We suggest reframing motivation research in education by extending the current focus on beliefs to studying the transactions among persons engaged in specific classroom activities over time. We present one approach from developmental psychology—Rogoff's three planes—that attempts to account for this transaction. We then present examples of current motivation research to illustrate how this approach has been applied. We believe that using this framework can produce new results that are meaningful for both researchers and practitioners who want to understand and foster motivation in education. 相似文献
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WILLIAM SPEED WILD BOB SAULS 《科技新时代》2006,(4):70-77
他们是活着的“神奇四侠”，他们就在我们中间。猜测他们是谁应该是一件非常有意思的事。他们现在都是20多岁的年纪，都聪慧而富有理想。他们也许是一名工科的学生，正绞尽脑汁地准备自己的毕业论文；也许是一名飞行员，正驾驶着战斗机在空中飞翔；也许是一名实习医生，正在急诊室里紧张地忙碌着。再过12年左右的时间，他们会坐在位于火箭顶端的乘员舱里，承受着500吨固体燃料带来的4.5g的过载，上升到7.5万米的空中，然后由第二级火箭将他们推到近地轨道。二级火箭在近地轨道上会与另一枚火箭对接，这枚火箭会将他们送到月球轨道。 相似文献