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1.
The Simple View of Reading states that reading comprehension is the product of word recognition and listening comprehension. Whereas much research has focused on word recognition accuracy, recent attention has been directed toward word recognition fluency. The current study investigated whether a separate fluency component should be added to the Simple View of Reading. A battery of reading and language measures was administered to 604 children in second, fourth, and eighth grades. Approximately half these children had language and/or nonverbal cognitive impairments in kindergarten, but weighting procedures were used to reduce the potential bias this sampling characteristic may have entailed. Structural equation modeling was used to determine whether fluency accounted for unique variance in reading comprehension after controlling for word recognition accuracy and listening comprehension. Individual profile analyses were conducted to determine the number of individual participants who␣had poor fluency in the spite of good word recognition accuracy and listening comprehension. Results showed that fluency did not account for unique variance in reading␣comprehension and that few individuals had problems in fluency separate from word recognition accuracy or listening comprehension. Thus, it does not appear that a separate fluency component should be added to the Simple View of Reading. 相似文献
2.
Rachel E. Stark Lynne E. Bernstein Rosemary Condino Michael Bender Paula Tallal Hugh Catts 《Annals of dyslexia》1984,34(1):49-68
Children identified as normal or as specifically language impaired (SLI) were given speech, language, and intelligence testing
on a longitudinal basis. Fourteen normal and 29 SLI children between the ages of 4 1/2 and 8 years were tested at Time 1.
They were retested three to four years later when they were 8 to 12 years old. The results indicated that both the normal
and the SLI children continued to develop skills in receptive and expressive language and speech articulation across the 3-
to 4-year period intervening between evaluations. Overall, however, the SLI children appeared to develop language skills at
a slower than normal rate and 80% of them remained language impaired at Time 2. In addition, the majority of the SLI children
manifested reading impairment at Time 2, while none of the normal children did so. The implications for the educational management
of SLI children are discussed.
Research supported by the March of Dimes, Grant #12-84.
Presented at the 32nd Annual Conference of The Orton Dyslexia Society, Baltimore, Maryland, November 1982. 相似文献
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4.
H W Catts 《Journal of learning disabilities》1986,19(8):504-508
5.
The role of speed of processing, rapid naming, and phonological awareness in reading achievement 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Catts HW Gillispie M Leonard LB Kail RV Miller CA 《Journal of learning disabilities》2002,35(6):509-524
This study investigated the role of speed of processing, rapid naming, and phonological awareness in reading achievement. Measures of response time in motor, visual, lexical, grammatical, and phonological tasks were administered to 279 children in third grade. Measures of rapid object naming, phonological awareness, and reading achievement were given in second and fourth grades. Reading group comparisons indicated that poor readers were proportionally slower than good readers across response time measures and on the rapid object naming task. These results suggest that some poor readers have a general deficit in speed of processing and that their problems in rapid object naming are in part a reflection of this deficit. Hierarchical regression analyses further showed that when considered along with IQ and phonological awareness, speed of processing explained unique variance in reading achievement. This finding suggests that a speed of processing deficit may be an "extraphonological" factor in some reading disabilities. 相似文献
6.
Hugh W. Catts Autumn McIlraith Mindy Sittner Bridges Diane Corcoran Nielsen 《Reading and writing》2017,30(3):613-629
Participants were administered multiple measures of phonological awareness, oral language, and rapid automatized naming at the beginning of kindergarten and multiple measures of word reading at the end of second grade. A structural equation model was fit to the data and latent scores were used to identify children with a deficit in phonological awareness alone or in combination with other kindergarten deficits. Children with a deficit in phonological awareness in kindergarten were found to be five times more likely to have dyslexia in second grade than children without such a deficit. This risk ratio substantially increased with the addition of deficits in both oral language and rapid naming. Whereas children with one or more kindergarten deficits were at heighten risk for dyslexia, some of these children were found to be adequate or better readers. These results are discussed within a multifactorial model of dyslexia that includes both risk and protective factors. 相似文献
7.
Explaining speech production deficits in poor readers 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The purpose of the present study was to further examine speech production abilities of young poor readers. Fourteen poor readers and 14 age-matched nondisabled subjects were taught to produce four novel, multisyllabic nonsense words. A recognition task was part of the training procedure. Retention of the words was also probed. The poor readers took significantly longer than the nondisabled children to produce three of the four words. The recognition data indicated that encoding limitations, rather than speech production limitations, were primarily responsible for the longer acquisition times. Speech production deficiencies seemed to account for only a small portion of the difficulty the poor readers experienced learning the novel words. The data are consistent with previous research that has documented encoding limitations in poor readers. 相似文献
8.
Subgrouping poor readers on the basis of individual differences in reading-related abilities 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The present study investigated the use of the Reading Component Model to subgroup poor readers. A large sample of poor readers was identified in second grade and subgrouped on the basis of relative strengths and weaknesses in word recognition and listening comprehension. Although homogeneous subgroups were not identified, poor readers could be classified into four subgroups that differed significantly in reading-related abilities. Further analyses showed that poor readers' strengths and weaknesses in listening comprehension, and to a lesser extent in word recognition, were foreshadowed by their abilities on related kindergarten measures. Follow-up testing in the fourth grade indicated that poor readers' individual differences in word recognition and listening comprehension were consistent and that subgroups were moderately stable. The implications of these results for the assessment and remediation of reading disabilities are discussed. 相似文献
9.
Hugh W. Catts 《Annals of dyslexia》1991,41(1):163-177
A group of speech-language impaired children was administered a battery of standardized language tests and measures of phonological
processing in kindergarten. Performance on these language measures was then compared to reading ability in first grade. Results
indicated that children with semantic-syntactic language deficits had more difficulties in reading than did children with
primarily speech articulation impairments. In addition, phonological processing measures were found to be good predictors
of reading achievement. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for the early identification of developmental
dyslexia.
This research was supported by a grant from the Department of Education (HO24U8001). 相似文献
10.
Evelyn S. Johnson Joseph R. Jenkins Yaacov Petscher Hugh W. Catts 《Learning disabilities research & practice》2009,24(4):174-185
Screening for early reading problems is a critical step in early intervention and prevention of later reading difficulties. Evaluative frameworks for determining the utility of a screening process are presented in the literature but have not been applied to many screening measures currently in use in numerous schools across the nation. In this study, the accuracy of several Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills (DIBELS) subtests in predicting which students were at risk for reading failure in first grade was examined in a sample of 12,055 students in Florida. Findings indicate that the DIBELS Nonsense Word Fluency, Initial Sound Fluency, and Phoneme Segmentation Fluency measures show poor diagnostic utility in predicting end of Grade 1 reading performance. DIBELS Oral Reading Fluency in fall of Grade 1 had higher classification accuracy than other DIBELS measures, but when compared to the classification accuracy obtained by assuming that no student had a disability, suggests the need to reevaluate the use of classification accuracy as a way to evaluate screening measures without discussion of base rates. Additionally, when cut scores on the screening tools were set to capture 90 percent of all students at risk for reading problems, a high number of false positives were identified. Finally, different cut scores were needed for different subgroups, such as English Language Learners. Implications for research and practice are discussed. 相似文献