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1.
Child abuse: adolescent records vs. adult recall 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
In a follow-up study of incarcerated Connecticut youth, 69 subjects were interviewed during young adulthood. On follow-up, 26 gave histories of abuse discrepant with histories obtained from records and interviews conducted in adolescence. Eleven subjects agreed to an additional clarification interview, at which time they were apprised of the discrepancies. Of these, eight had adolescent records indicating that abuse had occurred but denied abuse during the adult follow-up interview. The remaining three had adolescent records indicating no abuse had ever occurred, but, on follow-up, reported having been abused. The additional clarification interviews revealed that all 11 subjects with discrepant histories had, in fact, been abused. Reasons for these discrepant data and strategies to enhance the investigator's ability to obtain accurate data regarding abuse are discussed. 相似文献
2.
Hae Yeon Lee Jeremy P. Jamieson Adriana S. Miu Robert A. Josephs David S. Yeager 《Child development》2019,90(6):e849-e867
Grades often decline during the high school transition, creating stress. The present research integrates the biopsychosocial model of challenge and threat with the implicit theories model to understand who shows maladaptive stress responses. A diary study measured declines in grades in the first few months of high school: salivary cortisol (N = 360 students, N = 3,045 observations) and daily stress appraisals (N = 499 students, N = 3,854 observations). Students who reported an entity theory of intelligence (i.e., the belief that intelligence is fixed) showed higher cortisol when grades were declining. Moreover, daily academic stressors showed a different lingering effect on the next day's cortisol for those with different implicit theories. Findings support a process model through which beliefs affect biological stress responses during difficult adolescent transitions. 相似文献
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Han GiBaeg Wang Chiachih D. C. Jin Ling Bismar Danna 《International journal for the advancement of counseling》2022,44(2):197-219
International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling - This cross-cultural comparison study examined the direct and indirect effects (via several cognitive-affective pathways) of insecure... 相似文献
5.
Marc Wilson Maree Hunt Liz Richardson Hazel Phillips Ken Richardson Danna Challies 《Higher Education》2011,62(6):699-719
In New Zealand, Māori (indigenous New Zealanders) and Pacific students tend not to attain the same levels of educational success
as Pākehā (New Zealanders of European descent). Addressing this problem is a particular challenge in the sciences. The kaupapa
(values-base) of Te Rōpū Āwhina (Āwhina) is to produce Māori and Pacific professionals to contribute to Māori and Pacific
development and leadership through the creation of an inclusive off- and on-campus whānau (extended family) environment where
high expectations, aspirations and achievement, collective success, and reciprocity are normalised. This paper reviews theories
and practices of recruitment and retention relevant to Māori and Pacific students at tertiary level, presents the rationale
for Āwhina in the Faculties of Science and Architecture and Design at Victoria University of Wellington, and assesses the
impact of the whānau. Based on analyses of quantitative measures of student achievement, and biennial surveys of student responses
from the first 6 years of Āwhina, it is suggested that the results are consistent with improving Māori and Pacific graduate
and postgraduate achievement and retention. Potential implications for efforts to reduce disparities in tertiary education
in New Zealand and elsewhere are summarised. 相似文献
6.
Kossybayeva Umitzhan Shaldykova Bagit Akhmanova Danna Kulanina Svetlana 《Education and Information Technologies》2022,27(6):7869-7891
Education and Information Technologies - The study describes an innovative methodology for teaching natural and mathematical sciences in the context of distance learning using modern technological... 相似文献
7.
The aim of the present work was to analyze the influence of self-controlled task difficulty on motor learning. Participants had to intercept three targets falling at different velocities by displacing a stylus above a digitizer Task difficulty corresponded to racquet width. Half the participants (self-control condition) could choose the racquet width at the beginning of each trial. Each was paired with a participant from the yoked group. The self-control condition resulted in better performances and accuracy during immediate and delayed retention tests. These results confirm the advantage of a self-control condition on motor learning. They are discussed with reference to the challenge point hypothesis (Guadagnoli & Lee, 2004). 相似文献
8.
目前流动儿童的心理健康日益成为政策制定者和学者关注的焦点问题,而家庭环境是影响儿童心理健康的重要因素.本研究利用SDQ(Strengths and Diffficulties Questionaire)量表,通过OLS、Ordered Probit模型的回归分析,探析家庭关系(夫妻关系、亲子关系)对流动儿童心理健康状况的影响.结果发现,夫妻关系、亲子关系中的忽视、当着外面人的吼骂显著影响流动儿童的心理健康;家庭关系对儿童心理健康的不同维度(情绪症状、行为问题、多动注意不能、同伴交往)影响并不相同.此外,家庭社会经济地位(SES)与母亲受教育水平对流动儿童心理健康的影响并不显著,仅在特定维度有影响.农民工父母应正确处理好经济上的供养与精神上的抚慰之间的关系,努力提高自身教育能力,同时城市应实现公共服务的均等化,为流动儿童营造健康的成长环境. 相似文献
9.
Karen Danna Lynch 《Gender and education》2008,20(6):585-605
Studies have found that motherhood is significantly associated with attrition for female graduate students in the United States. Few, however, have examined this phenomenon from the point of view of current students. Utilizing data from 30 in‐depth interviews with student mothers from a number of academic fields, this study details both the structural environments and the socio‐cultural constructs that affect the women’s daily experiences. The data highlight the fact that the symbolic nature of both roles – mother and student – is often in conflict with the structural elements around which each role is performed. Student mothers confront this dilemma through a number of strategic practices including ‘maternal invisibility’, ‘academic invisibility’, luck, and reliance on the more traditional means of economic and emotional support that come from spouses and parents. In detailing these practices, the study offers both important clues about the factors that may contribute to attrition for graduate student mothers as well as suggestions for institutional improvement. 相似文献
10.
Interpretations of colposcopic photographs: evidence for competence in assessing sexual abuse? 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Accurate assessment of physical findings for child sexual abuse is medically and legally important. This study evaluated (1) interobserver reliability of clinicians rating colposcopic photographs, and (2) correlates of reliable interpretations. Seventy physicians and two nurse practitioners, divided by professional levels, assessed colposcopic photographs and completed a questionnaire. Ratings by a professional with extensive experience in this field were used as an accuracy standard. Leaders in the field of child sexual abuse assessment made significantly more "accurate" assessments than pediatricians, pediatric and family practice residents, and intern physicians. Leaders made fewer "inaccurate" interpretations than interns. Predictors of agreement with standard assessments, although weak, were knowledge of female perineal anatomy and professional level. Total number of sexual abuse examinations conducted and knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases as acquired by children were not significant predictors of accurate assessment. The findings are interpreted as to their potential relevance to actual sexual abuse evaluations of children. 相似文献