Attitudes of Turkish parents, pediatric residents, and medical students toward child disciplinary practices     

Orhon FS  Ulukol B  Bingoler B  Gulnar SB 《Child abuse & neglect》2006,30(10):1081-1092

OBJECTIVE: The aims of the study were to: determine the attitudes of parents, pediatric residents, and medical students from a Turkish population toward childhood disciplinary methods; ascertain the association of participants' abusive childhood history with their attitudes toward discipline; and assess their attitudes about disciplinary actions, which should be reported as abuse. METHOD: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Ankara University School of Medicine, Department of Social Pediatrics. Sixty-five parents, 39 pediatric residents, and 106 medical students completed a questionnaire (Survey of Standards of Discipline). This questionnaire was designed to measure sociodemographic characteristics, attitudes toward childhood disciplinary practices, and abusive childhood experiences. There were 43 different disciplinary acts in this questionnaire. The participants were expected to give responses to these acts in three categories: (a) acceptable as discipline; (b) unacceptable as discipline; and (c) unacceptable as discipline-would report to authorities as child abuse. Based on the responses to this questionnaire, we developed the Severity Scale. Using this scale, physical severity scores, verbal severity scores, and total severity scores were measured for each participant. RESULTS: None of the participants accepted life-threatening practices as discipline, but some declared certain abusive disciplinary practices as acceptable. Some forceful disciplinary methods were not considered as reportable by participants. All severity scores of both residents and students were found to be higher than those of the parents (for verbal severity scores p=.042). Also, both verbal and physical severity scores of parents with one child were higher than those of parents with two children (for verbal severity scores p=.044). Ninety-one participants (43.3%) indicated that beating was an acceptable form of discipline. Of parents, 66.9% reported abusive childhood history by their own criteria. Of medical students with an abusive childhood experience, 56.5% accepted beating as appropriate (p=.001). Both verbal and physical severity scores were found to be higher in participants with abusive childhood history. CONCLUSIONS: Abusive childhood history and lack of education regarding appropriate discipline techniques are linked to the acceptance of certain physical discipline practices. Turkey's cultural and traditional norms may be associated with the use of physical punishment, and in some cases, physical abuse. The lack of awareness of abusive discipline methods among physicians constitutes problems for child protection and must be addressed. Thus, educational programs on child disciplinary practices are required to provide an increased awareness of child abuse among health professional trainees and parents in Turkey.  相似文献   

维吾尔古典文学研究中的文本细读——以艾合买提·孜亚依的古典文学研究为例     

姑丽娜尔·吾甫力 《喀什师范学院学报》2010,31(1)

文本细读是对文本多层次多角度细致诠释的研究方法。11世纪维吾尔古典文学名著《福乐智慧》古体今译的主要译者之一艾合买提·孜亚依,凭借自己的多种语言能力和扎实的研究功底,在维吾尔古典文学研究中取得了较高成就。论文以艾合买提·孜亚依对维吾尔文学经典《福乐智慧》研究成果为例,指出维吾尔文学研究应该倡导对经典作品的深人研读和细致分析,进一步提高研究水平,挖掘维吾尔文学的内在规律性特征。  相似文献