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1.
Karla K. McGregor Natalie Langenfeld Sam Van Horne Jacob Oleson Matthew Anson Wayne Jacobson 《Learning disabilities research & practice》2016,31(2):90-102
To explore the university experiences of students with learning disabilities (LD), 63,802 responses to the 2014 Student Experience in the Research University Survey were analyzed. Compared to other students, those with self‐reported LD (5.96 percent) had difficulty with assignments and had more obstacles caused by nonacademic responsibilities and imposed by their skill levels. Students with self‐reported LD sensed more bias toward people with disabilities on campus, and they were less satisfied with their overall experience. Interactions between disability status and age suggested even more challenges for older students who self‐reported LD. Approximately one‐third of students who self‐reported LD received accommodations. The rate of accommodations was higher among individuals who were wealthy, who lived alone, and who were out‐of‐state students. Compared to students who self‐reported LD but reported no accommodations, those with accommodations had more contact with faculty and less difficulty with assignments. 相似文献
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Rats were required in three experiments to find one of two submerged platforms that were situated in the same pair of diagonally
opposite corners of a rectangular grey swimming pool. The experimental groups were trained with landmarks, comprising A4 cards
attached to the walls, located in the corners containing the platforms. For the control groups, the landmarks were situated
in the corners containing the platforms for half of the trials, and in the other corners for the remaining trials. Learning
about the positions of the platforms with reference to the shape of the pool was overshadowed in the experimental groups when
the landmarks were white, and enhanced when the landmarks were black. A fourth experiment assessed whether geometric cues
influenced the control acquired by the landmarks. As in the previous experiments, the presence of the geometric cues overshadowed
learning about the landmarks when they were white, but enhanced learning when the landmarks were black. 相似文献
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Three experiments examined “atomistic” and “configurai” processes in stimulus compounding using the rabbit’s conditioned nictitating membrane response. Two conditioned stimuli (CSs) were trained separately and then tested together in a compound. Animals trained with CSs from different modalities—namely, tone and light—showed summation in both acquisition and extinction. That is, the probability of a response to the compound could be predicted by the statistical sum of responding to the CSs. In contrast, animals trained with CSs from the auditory modality, tone and noise, showed a level of responding to the tone + noise compound that was the same as that of the CSs, well under the level predicted by the statistical sum of responding to the CSs. In conclusion, atomistic processes appear to predominate in cross-modal compounding. Configurai processes may occur during compounding within the auditory modality, but atomistic alternatives—namely, common elements and selective attention hypotheses—may be able to explain the results. 相似文献
4.
Phyllis E. Horne 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2013,17(3):273-286
This qualitative study was designed to investigate teachers’ perceptions of the impact of inclusion of children with special needs on their classes. Twenty participants were randomly selected from the 25 teachers who had volunteered for the study. These teacher participants completed a survey which was composed of 62 items dealing with attitudes and perceptions, incentives for encouraging inclusion, and concerns from a classroom perspective. From these 20 participants, five teachers were then randomly selected for interviews. Findings revealed that some of the teachers’ primary concerns were planning time, meeting the needs of all students, and ongoing professional development to respond effectively to the increasingly diverse needs of students in the classroom. 相似文献
5.
Jonathan Ferrier Joanna Horne Chris Singleton 《Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs》2013,13(1):66-78
Factors affecting the free writing speed of 11‐year‐old students were investigated using the Group and Individual Assessment of Handwriting Speed. Intelligence, gender, legibility and whether the student has special educational needs or speaks English as an additional language were all found to impact on writing speed to a significant extent. In one of the two schools studied, the students wrote significantly faster than the students in the other school. This ‘teacher effect’ was found to be independent of the other significant factors examined in the study and was attributed largely to instructional differences between schools and teachers. The average writing speed was 36% lower than published norms for this test, implying that 70.2% of the students would be eligible for extra time in examinations and raising doubts regarding the validity of these norms. It was concluded that vulnerability to teacher effects and other factors makes free writing an unreliable method of measuring writing speed, especially when group administered, and calls into question its use to justify the provision of examination access arrangements or accommodations. 相似文献
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Currently, all elite high jumpers use the Fosbury Flop technique with a curved approach. This suggests that the curved approach presents some clear advantage, although there is no general agreement upon the mechanism or the mechanics. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of the approach curve and to investigate how it contributes to the generation of somersault rotation. A simple theoretical model was used to demonstrate that a tightening approach curve would change the inward lean towards the centre of the curve into outwards lean. Three-dimensional video analysis was used to record the performances of two elite male high jumpers in competition. It was found that in each case the radius of the approach curve and the inward lean angle both decreased towards the end of the approach. The amount of outward lean angular velocity generated was shown to be a major proportion of the required somersault angular velocity for a jump. It was concluded that the main advantage of a curved approach was that it resulted in the generation of somersault velocity providing the curve tightened towards the end of the approach. 相似文献
8.
Daniel Tony Bishop Sarah Moore Sara Horne Robert Teszka 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(17):1611-1620
AbstractIn two experiments, participants performed visual detection, visual discrimination and decision-making tasks, in which a binary (left/right) response was required. In all experimental conditions, a spoken word (“left”/“right”) was presented monaurally (left or right ear) at the onset of the visual stimulus. In Experiment 1, 26 non-athletes located a target amongst an array of distractors as quickly as possible, in both the presence and absence of spoken cues. Participants performed superiorly in the presence of valid cues, relative to invalid-cue and control conditions. In Experiment 2, 42 skilled netballers completed three tasks, in randomised order: a visual detection task, a visual discrimination task and a netball decision-making task – all in the presence of spoken cues. Our data showed that spoken auditory cues affected not only target detection, but also performance on more complex decision-making tasks: cues that were either spatially or semantically invalid slowed target detection time; spatially invalid cues impaired discrimination task accuracy; and cues that were either spatially or semantically valid improved accuracy and speeded decision-making time in the netball task. When studying visual perception and attention in sport, the impact of concomitant auditory information should be taken into account in order to achieve a more representative task design. 相似文献
9.
Jackie C. Horne 《Children‘s Literature in Education》2001,32(2):91-109
The work of the late Barbara Cooney may be divided into three distinct periods: 1940–1958, a stage of work primarily in scratchboard; 1959–1980, a period in which she experimented broadly; and 1980–1999, the folk art phase in which she worked largely in acrylics. This article explores the development of each stage in detail, and reflects on Cooney's strengths and weaknesses as well as her overall contribution to picture book art. It also explores the contribution of limitations, both technical and artistic, to the general impact of Cooney's work and investigates some of her ideological as well as technical developments. 相似文献
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