Assessing early arithmetic abilities: Effects of verbal and nonverbal response types on the calculation performance of middle-and low-income children     

Nancy C. JordanJanellen Huttenlocher  Susan Cohen Levine 《Learning and individual differences》1994,6(4)

In two studies, we compared young children's performance on three variations of a nonverbally presented calculation task. The experimental tasks used the same nonverbal mode of presentation but were varied according to response type: (1) putting out disks (nonverbal production); (2) choosing the correct number of disks from a multiple-choice array (nonverbal recognition); and (3) giving a number word (verbal production). The verbal production task required children to map numerosities onto the conventional number system while the nonverbal production and nonverbal recognition tasks did not. Study 1 showed that the performance of 3-, 4- and 5-year-old middle-income children (N = 72) did not vary with the type of response required. Children's answers to nonverbally presented addition and subtraction problems were available in both verbal and nonverbal forms. In contrast. Study 2 showed that low-income children (3- and 4-year-olds; N = 48) performed significantly better on both nonverbal response type tasks than on the verbal response type task. Analysis of individual data indicated that a number of the low-income children were successful on the completely nonverbal calculation tasks, even though they had difficulty with verbal counting (i.e., set enumeration and cardinality). The findings suggest that the ability to calculate does not depend on mastery of conventional symbols of arithmetic.  相似文献   

Cognitive processes in the development of children's appreciation of humor     

E Zigler  J Levine  L Gould 《Child development》1966,37(3):507-518

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How Custom Agents Really Detect Lies     

Timothy R. Levine  Yasuhiro Daiku 《Communication Research Reports》2019,36(1):84-92

Research has found discrepancies among folk beliefs about lie detection, deception cue utility, and retrospective accounts of detected lies. Elite customs agents (N = 37) were surveyed regarding their overall beliefs about how to detect lies (general strategy), their opinions about best practices (best strategy), and about a successfully detected lie (actual strategy). Responses were coded in three nonexclusive broad categories: (a) behavioral cues, (b) communication content and evidence, and (c) interactive-questioning approaches. Behavioral cues, especially nonverbal cues, were listed most frequently as general beliefs. Opinions about the best approach were evenly split across the three categories. Communication content and evidence was the most frequently reported actual detection method and was mentioned in 97% of the responses. The results are discussed in relation to Truth-Default Theory and their implications for lie detection practice.  相似文献   

A comparison of the perceptions of Love, Anger, and Guilt in Portugal and the United States and implications for counseling     

Rui Paixo  Rui Arago Oliveira  Richard C. Page  Chinw J. Uwah  Jodi L. Carlton 《Int J Intercult Relat》2001,25(6):237

This study compared the ways that graduate and undergraduate counseling and psychology students from Portugal and the United States evaluated the feelings of Love, Anger and Guilt. Utilizing a semantic differential, a multivariate analysis of variance was employed in which the independent variables were Country and Gender and the dependent variables were the evaluative and potency scales of Love, Anger and Guilt. There was no significant main effect for gender and there was no significant interaction effect for gender by country. There was a significant main effect for country. It was found that students from the United States evaluated Anger more positively than the Portuguese students and that the Portuguese students evaluated Guilt more positively than the United States students. These findings have implications that are relevant to the counseling process.  相似文献   

Attending to Nuanced Emotions: Fostering Supervisees' Emotional Awareness and Complexity          下载免费PDF全文

Jodi L. Tangen 《Counselor Education & Supervision》2017,56(1):65-78

There is limited supervision research exploring how supervisees learn emotional awareness and complexity. In this article, the 5 levels of emotional awareness and 3 aspects of emotional complexity are explored in light of the supervision enterprise. In addition, 2 supervision intervention guides and a case example are provided.  相似文献   

How environmental knowledge measures up at a Big Ten university   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Michael D. Kaplowitz  Ralph Levine 《Environmental Education Research》2005,11(2):143-160

The reported research examines the level of environmental knowledge of Michigan State University students relative to the results of a biannual national study of the environmental knowledge of the general population of the United States. While the university students were found to possess higher levels of environmental knowledge than the general public, the students' overall environmental knowledge, on average, was deficient with only 66% of them receiving a passing grade. The findings suggest a positive correlation between academic level, field of study and environmental knowledge.  相似文献   

Day care and the public schools: Profiles of five communities     

James A. Levine 《Early Childhood Education Journal》1978,6(2):15-19

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Letters to a day care director     

James Levine 《Early Childhood Education Journal》1974,1(3):5-10

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Developmental assessment: Accounting for adult growth in supervision and evaluation     

Sarah L. Levine 《Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education》1993,7(3):223-230

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Day care and the public schools: Profiles of five communities     

James A. Levine 《Early Childhood Education Journal》1979,6(3):38-41

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