First, I am pleased to note the broad area of agreement amongthe four of us. We concur fully that polls are useful, powerful,and play an important role in contemporary politics. My threeresponders also acknowledge the significance of alternativeways in which citizens can express their opinions and, furthermore,that public opinion is more diverse and nuanced than any dichotomoussplit between the pros and cons on a particular issue recordedat a particular time might suggest. Sir Robert chides me explicitly, and Gary Langer by implication,for failing 相似文献
The significance of competing conceptions of civic engagement is increasingly apparent as efforts are made to respond to the measurement imperative that characterises contemporary higher education. The importance of devising appropriate means of recognising and incentivising civic engagement is asserted in this paper and the potential offered by emerging measurement and mapping methodologies is considered. The empirical basis for the argument derives from a multi-site case study of the process of embedding community-based learning within Irish higher education. Analysis of interview data from four cases, drawn from the university and extra-university sector, yielded, inter alia, a typology of orientations to civic engagement. Findings are discussed, including those relating to orientations, ambivalence, scepticism, and legitimisation strategies. The case is made that these themes and the factors which impact on sustainability are mirrored within the wider domain of civic engagement—hence the opportunity to learn from a civically engaged pedagogy.