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Reading and Writing - The original publication of the article contained an error 相似文献
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Toshiaki Miyamoto Hiroyuki Kamada Akira Tamaki Toshio Moritani 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(8):1104-1110
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of low-intensity exercise training using belt electrode skeletal muscle electrical stimulation on muscle strength and cardiorespiratory fitness in healthy subjects. Nineteen healthy subjects were allocated into control or intervention groups; in both groups the participants kept regular physical activity while the intervention group underwent 30 min B-SES training at 3–4 METs for four weeks. Knee extensor muscle strength and cardiorespiratory endurance during incremental exercise test were measured at baseline and after four weeks for all participants. The relative change of knee extensor muscle strength in the intervention group was significantly higher than control group (p?p?相似文献
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At the turn of the last century there was an ever increasing world demand for pearls while at the same time their known fishing grounds were becoming exhausted. Some way of artificially increasing their production was obviously desirable, and the problem attracted considerable effort. It was an attempt to exploit a scientifically poorly understood phenomenon, and it is interesting, in retrospect, to relate these attempts to recent concepts of biomineralisation. Pearls are, of course, the layers of aragonitic calcium carbonate secreted by molluscs. 相似文献
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Children need a balanced set of cognitive, social and emotional capabilities to adapt to today's demanding, changing and unpredictable world. OECD countries and partner economies recognise the importance on the holistic development of individuals. However, there are big gaps between stakeholders' knowledge, expectations and practices on how to foster such skills. This paper presents evidence on the importance of social and emotional skills; on how policy makers and schools are currently enhancing and monitoring such skills; and, on the existing gaps between knowledge, expectations and practices to mobilise these skills. The paper concludes by pointing ways in which education stakeholders can do more to better develop and mobilise the skills that drive individual's well-being and social progress. The paper draws on findings and frameworks that are being published in a full OECD report entitled ‘Skills for Social Progress: the Power of Social and Emotional Skills’ in the first half of 2015. 相似文献
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Miyamoto N Wakahara T Sugisaki N Murata K Kanehisa H Fukunaga T Kawakami Y 《Journal of sports sciences》2010,28(14):1535-1542
The aim of the present study was to examine elbow joint extension power-load characteristics with and without a countermovement. Eight male participants performed maximal elbow extensions with and without a countermovement against different loads (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 12.5, and 15.0 kg). Electromyographic activity of the lateral and long heads of the triceps brachii and the biceps brachii muscles was recorded. The average joint power in the concentric phase was significantly enhanced in the countermovement condition at all loads except for 0 kg. The optimal load for the maximal joint power was greater in the countermovement (7.5 kg) than in the no countermovement condition (5.0 kg). Electromyographic activity was unchanged over the intensities and conditions. Our results suggest that the optimal load for the maximal joint power depends on the type of action (i.e. with or without a counter-movement), and that the enhanced joint power in the countermovement condition is due primarily to the storage and utilization of elastic energy. 相似文献
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Extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins are required for cell culture. In this paper, we report the use of O(2) plasma bonding to fabricate a perfusion culture microchamber array chip with identical-size ECM spots in the isolated microchambers. The chip was fabricated by assembly of two poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) layers, a microfluidic network layer, and an ECM array layer, which were aligned and then bonded by O(2) plasma oxidation with protection of the ECM microarray with a physical mask made from PDMS. We successfully cultivated Chinese hamster ovary K1 cells in the microchambers with fibronectin. In the fibronectin microchambers, the cells adhered and extended after 12 h of static culture and then grew over the course of 1 d of perfusion culture. 相似文献
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Toshiaki Miyamoto Saya Hashimoto Hideya Yanamoto Mai Ikawa Yoshiki Nakano Takashi Sekiyama 《European Journal of Sport Science》2018,18(8):1119-1127
Purpose: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is well known for its potential to promote brain plasticity. It has been proposed that combining cognitive and physical exercise (CCPE) may have the potential to generate more synergistic benefits in cognitive function than either cognitive exercise (CE) or physical exercise (PE) alone. The purpose of this study was to examine acute responses of peripheral BDNF levels and cognitive performance to CE, PE, and CCPE.Methods: Thirteen healthy adult men participated in four experimental sessions; a 30-min CE, a 30-min cycling PE at an intensity of 60% peak oxygen uptake, a 30-min CCPE at the same intensity as PE, and a 30-min session of complete rest. Plasma BDNF levels and cognitive performance were measured before and after each session.Results: Both PE and CCPE significantly increased plasma BDNF levels (p?p?≥?.05), and there was no significant difference in peripheral BDNF levels between PE and CCPE (p?≥?.05). No session induced a significant change in cognitive performance (p?≥?.05).Conclusions: Our study suggests that CE and PE have different responses of peripheral BDNF levels and that CCPE had no additional or synergistic effect on peripheral BDNF levels compared with PE alone. This study offers further insights into the potential mechanisms underlying the respective roles of CE, PE, and CCPE for peripheral BDNF levels and cognitive performance. 相似文献
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Koji Murofushi Shinji Sakurai Koji Umegaki Junji Takamatsu 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(3):301-314
Ground reaction force and wire tensile force were measured during test throws by three hammer throwers: the Asian record holder, who had a personal best of 83.47 m at the time of the investigation, and two university athletes, with personal bests of 59.95 m and 46.30 m respectively. They were filmed using three high-speed video cameras (250 Hz). The displacements of the hammer head and the athletes' centres of mass were calculated using three-dimensional analysis procedures. The Asian record holder's centre of mass and the hammer head on the final two turns exhibited approximate conjunctions of the hammer high point and the thrower's low point and vice versa about the hammer's azimuth angle. It is conjectured that the reason why the thrower's movement is asynchronous with the hammer's movement by approximately half a turn is to accelerate the hammer head in a manner similar to the way that the amplitude of a pendulum increases when it is pulled upward by a string against the downward movement of the swinging weight. 相似文献
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