排序方式： 共有37条查询结果，搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
Chelsea Mackinnon Noori Akhtar-Danesh Andrew Palombella Bruce Wainman 《Anatomical sciences education》2022,15(5):877-885
Interprofessional education (IPE) prepares healthcare students for collaboration in their future careers. The purpose of this study was to determine which aspects of the IPE Program in Anatomy at McMaster University contributed to the development of healthcare student's interprofessional skills. Q-methodology was used to identify the students' common viewpoints of the IPE experience. A total of 26/28 (93%) of students in the course from the medical, nursing, midwifery, physician assistant, occupational therapy, and physiotherapy programs participated in this study. Students were asked to sort a Q-sample of 43 statements about the IPE dissection course derived from previous qualitative studies of the program. Using the centroid factor extraction and varimax rotation, three salient factors (groups) emerged, namely: (1) Anatomy IPE Enthusiasts, (2) Practical IPE Advocates, and (3) Skeptical IPE Anatomists. The Anatomy IPE Enthusiasts believed that students from different disciplines brought unique anatomical knowledge and each group member guided others through difficult material. The Practical IPE Advocates expressed that they would be stronger advocates for interprofessional teams in the future because of the course. The Skeptical IPE Anatomists strongly disagreed that learning with students from different disciplines helped them gain an understanding of their roles in the context of other healthcare professionals and felt that there was little benefit from the IPE program compared to other non-interprofessional programs. These findings about student attitudes are critical to drive an evidence-based evolution of the IPE dissection course, since students' perceptions can have a profound influence on interprofessional collaboration in the workplace. 相似文献
2.
3.
Lachlan Crawford Leslie Sharpe Hu Chun S. Gopinathan Moo Swee Ngoh Angela Wong 《Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education》2002,30(1):67-78
Members of this research team are investigating the use of multipoint desktop video conferencing (MDVC) technology in Singapore to enhance the National Institute of Education's schools practicum partnership model. The project builds on the Singapore ONE ATM island-wide network and the high-speed ADSL line access provided by Singtel Magix. This infrastructure provides state-of-the-art support for the White Pine CU-SeeMe Meeting Point server and client software that enables students on teaching practice to conference with each other and their university-based supervisors. A typical conference involves four of five students at different schools and one staff member at the National Institute of Education in Singapore. These conferences provide opportunities for professional sharing between staff and students without the limits of time and space which are traditional constraints on conventional teaching practice. 相似文献
4.
Archie R. Mackinnon 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1979,25(2-3):231-247
In the early part of the period developing countries saw in the adoption of formal education systems and procedures a sure way to solve their problems of development. The international and donor agencies concerned with aid put their weight behind a Western model of schooling — to the neglect of indigenous learning systems. The record showed an impressive amount of growth of schooling in the developing countries — with aid policies focused on higher, secondary and technical education, i.e. those sectors providing training for needed manpower. This massive introduction of schooling procedures may be regarded as cultural intervention.Results did not come up to expectations since much of the population was not reached and wastage rates remained high. A phase of reappraisal followed, in which education was thought of less as the outcome of schooling and more as the enhancement of many types of learning opportunities helping people to grow. The psychological basis of this changing view lay in the concept of intelligence, since many types of intelligence (the pluralistic concept) can be seen to emerge from the differing cultural backgrounds found in human societies. If education is concerned with advancing and creating such intelligences, formal schooling is only one of the means. A corresponding shift could then be seen in aid policies, with greater readiness to support nonformal educational procedures.The author believes that awareness of the dangers of cultural intervention has brought about a better understanding of what the world now needs from education — the cultivation of integrative intelligences (as against pure specialization) and encouragement of mythic intelligences derived from the value and symbol systems of our many cultures. In this way, aid from developed to developing countries is being synthesized into a cooperative search for a better education.
Zusammenfassung Zu Beginn der Epoche sahen die Entwicklungsländer in der Übernahme formaler Bildungssysteme und -verfahrensweisen einen sicheren Weg zur Lösung ihrer Entwicklungsprobleme. Die internationalen und sonstigen Träger der Entwicklungshilfe setzten sich mit ihrem Gewicht für ein westliches Schulungsmodell ein — unter Vernachlässigung der einheimischen Lernsysteme. Die Statistik zeigte eine eindrucksvolle Zunahme des Schulwesens in den Entwicklungsländern — wobei die Politik der Helfer auf höhere, sekundäre und technische Bildung konzentriert war, also auf die Bereiche, welche die notwendigen Arbeitskräfte ausbilden. Diese massive Einführung von Schulungsverfahren kann als kulturelle Einmischung betrachtet werden.Die Ergebnisse entsprachen nicht den Erwartungen, weil ein großer Teil der Bevölkerung nicht erfaßt wurde und weil die Ausfallszahlen hoch blieben. Nun folgte eine Phase der Besinnung, in der man Bildung weniger als Ergebnis der Schulbildung betrachtete und mehr als den Ausbau vieler Arten von Lernmöglichkeiten zur Entfaltung der einzelnen Menschen. Das psychologische Fundament dieser veränderten Anschauung lag im Begriff der Intelligenz, denn aus der unterschiedlichen kulturellen Vergangenheit der verschiedenen Gruppen der menschlichen Gesellschaft gehen viele Arten von Intelligenz hervor (das pluralistische Konzept). Geht es der Bildung darum, solche Intelligenzen zu wecken und zu fördern, dann ist die formale Schulung nur ein Mittel dazu. Eine entsprechende Verschiebung zeigte sich dann bei der Hilfspolitik in der größeren Bereitschaft, nicht-formale Bildungsverfahren zu unterstützen.Der Verfasser meint, die Erkenntnis der Gefahren kultureller Einmischung habe zu einem besseren Verstehen der gegenwärtigen Bildungsbedürfnisse der Welt geführt — nämlich Kultivierung integrativer Intelligenzen (statt reiner Spezialisierung) und stärkere Berücksichtigung mythischer Weisheit aufgrund der Wert- und Symbolsysteme unserer vielen Kulturen. Auf diese Weise wird sich die Hilfe entwickelter Länder für Entwicklungsländer einordnen in ein gemeinsames Suchen nach besserer Bildung.
Résumé Dans la première partie de la période, les pays en voie de développement virent dans l'adoption des systèmes et des procédures d'éducation conventionnelle un moyen sûr de résoudre leurs problèmes de développement. Les organisations internationales et donatrices s'occupant d'aide au développement, appuyèrent un modèle occidental de scolarité au détriment des systèmes indigènes d'apprentissage. Le résultat montra un essor impressionnant de la scolarité dans les pays en voie de développement avec la politique d'assistance centrée sur l'éducation technique, secondaire et supérieur, c'est-à-dire sur les secteurs de formation de la main-d'uvre demandée. Cette introduction massive des procédures de scolarité peur être, semble-t-il, regardée comme une intervention culturelle.Les résultats n'ont pas répondu aux ésperances car une grande partie de la population n'était pas touchée et le taux de déperdition d'effectifs demeurait élevé. Une phase de réévaluation suivit, au cours de laquelle l'éducation fut considérée moins comme le résultat de la scolarité que comme le relèvement de nombreux types de chances d'apprentissage aidant les gens à se développer. Le concept d'intelligence était à la base psychologique de ce changement d'opinion car on peut voir de nombreux types d'intelligence (le concept pluraliste) émerger des différents milieux culturels existant dans les sociétés humaines. Si la préoccupation de l'éducation est de créer et de faire progresser de telles intelligences, la scolarité conventionnelle n'est plus qu'un moyen parmi d'autres. Un changement correspondant pouvait alors être observé dans les politiques d'assistance. Il se traduisit, de la part des diverses organisations, par un plus grand empressement à apporter leur concours aux programmes de l'éducation non-conventionnelle.L'auteur croit que la conscience des dangers de l'intervention culturelle a aidé à une meilleure compréhension de ce dont le monde a besoin de trouver maintenant dans l'éducation — la mise en valeur des intelligences intégratrices (en opposition à la spécialisation pure) et l'encouragement des intelligences mythiques provenant des systèmes de valeurs et symboliques de nos nombreuses cultures. De cette façon, l'assistance des pays développés aux pays en voie de developpement est en train d'être synthétisée en une recherche coopérative pour une meilleure éducation.相似文献
5.
Barbara Fenesi Chelsea Mackinnon Lucia Cheng Joseph A. Kim Bruce C. Wainman 《Anatomical sciences education》2017,10(3):249-261
The use of two‐dimensional (2D) images is consistently used to prepare anatomy students for handling real specimen. This study examined whether the quality of 2D images is a critical component in anatomy learning. The visual clarity and consistency of 2D anatomical images was systematically manipulated to produce low‐quality and high‐quality images of the human hand and human eye. On day 0, participants learned about each anatomical specimen from paper booklets using either low‐quality or high‐quality images, and then completed a comprehension test using either 2D images or three‐dimensional (3D) cadaveric specimens. On day 1, participants relearned each booklet, and on day 2 participants completed a final comprehension test using either 2D images or 3D cadaveric specimens. The effect of image quality on learning varied according to anatomical content, with high‐quality images having a greater effect on improving learning of hand anatomy than eye anatomy (high‐quality vs. low‐quality for hand anatomy P = 0.018; high‐quality vs. low‐quality for eye anatomy P = 0.247). Also, the benefit of high‐quality images on hand anatomy learning was restricted to performance on short‐answer (SA) questions immediately after learning (high‐quality vs. low‐quality on SA questions P = 0.018), but did not apply to performance on multiple‐choice (MC) questions (high‐quality vs. low‐quality on MC questions P = 0.109) or after participants had an additional learning opportunity (24 hours later) with anatomy content (high vs. low on SA questions P = 0.643). This study underscores the limited impact of image quality on anatomy learning, and questions whether investment in enhancing image quality of learning aids significantly promotes knowledge development. Anat Sci Educ 10: 249–261. © 2016 American Association of Anatomists. 相似文献
6.
Allan Mackinnon 《Teaching and Teacher Education》1996,12(6):653-664
The metaphor learning to teach at the elbows is put forward in this article to highlight claims about learning to teach that focus on the development of “teaching manner.” My particular interest is in characterizing and understanding aspects of teaching that seem to be acquired, shared, mediated, and changed through teachers' work together—a shaping which I believe occurs initially through mimicry in the practice setting, and which in many cases appears to take place independent of rational deliberation. I ask “How do I understand this kind of learning?” and “How, then, do I then represent my work as a teacher educator?” These questions are explored in light of contemporary Western ideas about situated cognition, activity, and identity—ideas which are extended further in this paper by pointing out similar problems related to integrating knowing and action that are found in early Chinese philosophy. In particular, the dialogical relationship between Confucianism and Taoism provides a useful framework for understanding the studio interplay between learning as socio-culturally mediated activity and critical reflection in the initial preparation of teachers. 相似文献
7.
The current study presents the results of a content analysis of the verbal aggression found in 36 hours of televised professional wrestling. The coding scheme was adapted from the National Television Violence Study and past research on television verbal aggression. Results show that an abundance of verbal aggression occurs in televised professional wrestling, with swearing, competence attacks, and character attacks being the most common types. In addition, the primary motives for verbal aggression use are amusement and anger. Furthermore, verbal aggression tends to be communicated and received by White, male individuals with no clear dispositional characteristics. The results are discussed in terms of potential effects of exposure to the verbal aggression found in professional wrestling. 相似文献
8.
Patric R. Spence Kenneth A. Lachlan Leah M. Omilion-Hodges Amanda K. Goddard 《Communication Research Reports》2013,30(1):124-130
Research in organizational communication and public relations suggest that in times of crises, messages generated by the organization are most likely to positively influence stakeholder perceptions, whereas those generated by the press may have negative ramifications. Although this advice seems logical, to date there is little research that investigates this claim empirically and directly. Two experiments were conducted to explore the separate and combined impact of print and televised messages concerning an organization in the midst of a crisis. The findings offer empirical evidence that statements from organizations experiencing crises may offset negative stakeholder responses. Theoretical and pragmatic implications are discussed regarding these findings. 相似文献
9.
Kenneth A. Lachlan Ph.D. Ron Tamborini Ph.D. Rene Weber Ph.D. M.D. David Westerman Ph.D. Paul Skalski Ph.D. Jeff Davis M.A. 《广播与电子媒介杂志》2013,57(1):56-75
Though lacking empirical evidence, professional wrestling has been criticized for portraying excessive violence in harmful contexts. This study focused on the equity of violent reprisal perpetrated by liked versus disliked protagonists with socially sanctioned or unsanctioned motives. Results of a quantitative content analysis show that most violent interaction sequences were over-retributive. Violence that was not part of match competition was routinely initiated for normatively unsanctioned motives and showed predominant patterns of escalating violent retribution. These patterns held across perpetrator disposition. Thus, liked characters regularly aggressed for normatively unacceptable reasons. The consequences of these portrayals are discussed. 相似文献
10.