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DALE R. FUQUA AL W. JOHNSON MARK W. ANDERSON JODY L. NEWMAN 《Counselor Education & Supervision》1984,24(1):85-95
With the renewed interest in the role of cognition in counselor training, numerous studies examining this phenomenon have emerged. This article reviews existing literature relevant to cognitive issues in training. The effects of various cognitive attributes such as conceptual level and cognitive style are discussed. Similarly, the impact of various cognitive training strategies on trainee performance are examined, such as modification of trainee cognitions to enhance skill generalization and cognitive restructuring techniques to alter maladaptive cognitions of trainees. In addition, methodological issues that have served to limit research activity are addressed. Brief recommendations are offered for future research and training efforts. 相似文献
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SVERKER ALÄNGE 《European Journal of Engineering Education》1991,16(2):153-157
The teaching of quality management at Chalmers University is described in detail and there is discussion of some important issues to be considered. Possible developments in quality management education for engineers are discussed. 相似文献
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A 30‐s ‘all‐out’ power protocol was studied in four groups of racing cyclists including internationals (n = 8), Category 1 (n = 10), Category 2 (n = 15) and Category 3 (n = 11). Following warm‐up each subject completed five trials interspersed by 3 min of low intensity exercise on an ergowheel racing cycle ergometry system at a power output of 15 W kg–1 body weight, generated at 130 rev min–1. Temporal indices of performance included delay time (DT) to achieve the power criterion, total time (TT) of the maintenance of the power criterion and the ratio of TT/DT. ‘Explosive’ leg strength was assessed from a vertical jump. The results indicated that international and Category 1 cyclists had lower DT (2.2 ± 0.1s and 2.1 +0.0s, respectively; P<0.05), higher TT (28.1 ±0.7s and 27.0+0.7s, respectively; P<0.05) and elevated TT/DT (12.8 and 12.9, respectively; P<0.01). ‘Explosive’ leg strength was also higher (P<0.05) in the internationals than in the other groups of cyclists. The protocol provides a sport‐related method for the assessment of short term endurance performance ability in racing cyclists which may be of value in identifying the anaerobic capability of individual cyclists. 相似文献
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In an effort to improve student achievement, a group of middle-school teachers at an underperforming school developed a schoolwide literacy plan. As part of the plan, they agreed to model their thinking while reading aloud. Eight teachers were selected for coaching related to think alouds in which they exposed students to comprehension strategies that they used while reading. The achievement of their students was compared with the achievement of students whose teachers participated in the ongoing professional development but who were not coached. Results indicate that the coached teachers changed their instructional practices and that student achievement improved as a result. 相似文献
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Saad A. Noeman Kommajosyula Sharada Hassan El-Bena Samia EL Dardery Khalid AL Sawaf 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1994,9(1):40-42
The level of seven acute phase proteins was estimated together with copper and zinc in two groups of 15 children each suffering
from hepatitis A (HAV) or Hepatitis B (HBV). The mean concentration of α-1 antitrypsin, α-2 macroglobulin, ceruloplasmin,
C3 and copper was increased uniformly in both the types of viral hepatitis. α-1 acid glycoprotein, haptoglobin and zinc levels
were decreased in both the infections. A significant decrease in albumin level was observed in HAV while the decrease was
not significant in HBV. All the paramenters were repeated after one month on the day of discharge following the disappearance
of clinical signs and symptoms wherein the haptoglobin level returned to normal in HAV. No change was observed in the level
of other acute phase proteins. The level of the trace elements returned to normal. The observed increase in the levels of
acute phase proteins at the onset does not seem to have any significant relation to the subsequent course of the disease.
However, the level of acute phase proteins and other biochemical parameters may indicate a delayed biochemical recovery phase
in conjunction with the underlying hepatic pathological changes in the course of viral hepatitis in spite of clinical recovery. 相似文献
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Eight leading basal reading programs, approved for adoption in California public schools in 1983, were analyzed to determine
the array of the types of writing included in the program from preprimers to second grade readers. The Teacher’s Manuals were
examined to determine whether provision was included for teaching children how to read a wide variety of discourse types.
A third investigation was undertaken in this study to determine the array of discourse types in standardized reading tests
and assessment tests included in the basal program.
Data indicated that the majority of selections in all of the readers were narrative materials (56%), poems accounted for 25%
of the total selections, and exposition accounted for 15% of the total selections. A second analysis of page allocation indicated
narrative writings accounted for more than 80% of the total page allocation. Few differences by grade level or by individual
programs were found.
The Teacher’s Manual of each of these programs provided instruction for teaching children how to read various types of writing.
Suggestions for reading narrative writing constituted the greatest percentage.
An analysis of discourse types in standardized tests indicated two discrepancies between reading programs and standardized
tests: (1) few “whole” texts were included in tests before the end of second grade; and (2) most texts were narrative. The
analysis of the assessment tests within each of the programs indicated narrative materials were most often used for testing
and poetry was not assessed in any program.
Presented at the 33rd Annual Conference of The Orton Dyslexia Society, San Diego, California, November 1983. 相似文献
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