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Liat Kulik 《International journal for the advancement of counseling》1995,18(2):85-96
The study examined the impact of ethnic culture and gender on attitudes toward work and occupations among Soviet immigrant and Israeli students. The research focused on image of occupations (sex-typing and prestige of occupations), as well as on perceived salience of work rewards.On the whole, it was found that ethnic culture had a greater impact than gender on these attitudes. Most of the occupations were evaluated as more masculine by the immigrants than by the Israelis. Moreover, occupations related to law enforcement were viewed as more prestigious by the immigrants than by the Israelis. With regard to work rewards, the Israelis attributed more salience than the immigrants to three aspects (social factors, instrumental factors, and working conditions). No differences were found between the two groups in the intrinsic aspect of work. At the same time, gender also had an impact on the attitudes examined, although this impact was less significant than that of ethnic culture. Regardless of origin, some of the prestigious occupations were perceived as more feminine by the women than by the men. In the same vein, women tended to attribute a higher degree of salience to comfortable working conditions than men.These findings elicited a number of practical recommendations for career counsellors working with new immigrants.The author is a lecturer at the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at Bar-Ilan University, Israel, and a research associate at the Vocational Counselling and Information Center of the National Employment Service, Tel Aviv. Research interests include women at work and sex roles in the family. 相似文献
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Ayalon Michal Wilkie Karina J. Eid Katrin Hajjar 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2022,110(1):23-48
Educational Studies in Mathematics - Argu mentative problem solving in mathematics classrooms is a crucial practice that supports important student learning goals via collaborative deliberation and... 相似文献
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Educational Studies in Mathematics - The aim of this study is to explore Israeli high school graduates’ mathematical explanations for the spread of the coronavirus, given that the mathematics... 相似文献
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ABSTRACTThe present paper considers the use of longitudinal qualitative research (LQR) as a means to capture both change and stability in people’s lives. We use an LQR study conducted in continuing care retirement communities to demonstrate three dimensions that should be taken into consideration when addressing change vs. stability. Three waves of interviews with older adults and their family members as well as memos and reflections concerning interview data are used. The first dimension concerns the question of: “who defines change?” A second dimension raises the question of, “what has changed?” Finally, a third dimension concerns the timeframe of change. We argue that LQR provides a tremendous richness of time dimensions and perspectives. Discrepancies between dimensions, perspectives and timeframes can be particularly enriching. Moreover, LQR allows also for the opportunity to examine stability. 相似文献
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Michal Ayalon Ruhama Even 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2010,8(6):1131-1154
This study examines the views of people involved in mathematics education regarding the commonly stated goal of using mathematics
learning to develop deductive reasoning that is usable outside of mathematical contexts. The data source includes 21 individual
semi-structured interviews. The findings of the study show that the interviewees ascribed different meanings to the above-stated
goal. Moreover, none of them said that it is possible to develop formal logic-based reasoning useful outside of mathematics,
but for different reasons. Three distinct views were identified: the intervention–argumentation view, the reservation–deductive
view, and the spontaneity–systematic view. Each interviewee’s view was interrelated with the interviewee’s approach to deductive
reasoning and its nature in mathematics and outside it. 相似文献
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SUMMARY The relationship between monotonous work, mental fatigue, and reduction in efficiency has been discussed at length in the literature. This paper examines a theory, based on the interactions revealed in those studies, that uninterrupted examination of a large number of tests over an extended period of time, leads to inconsistency in grading. Three specialists judged typed compositions of seventh-grade pupils, and independently awarded the grade of 80% to 31 papers. These compositions were submitted to 60 female teachers. Each teacher received all 31 papers, stacked in one of three different, randomly arranged sequences. The subjects, unaware of the earlier review, were asked to read the compositions in one sitting and in the order in which they were stacked, and to assign a grade. There was no communication between teachers in the project with regard to the task. The variable found to contribute significantly to the grading pattern was the order in which the essays were arranged. The first tests received lower grades, on average, than those awarded by the specialists. As the teachers worked their way through the stack, the grades gradually rose, and eventually exceeded those given by the specialists. The discrepancy between the mean evaluation of the first papers and last papers in the pile was approximately 10%. Teacher seniority and other variables tested did not contribute significantly to the process. 相似文献
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Liat Kulik 《Journal of Career Development》2000,27(1):15-33
The study examined differences in job search intensity, attitudes toward unemployment, and related responses among four age groups of jobless women in Israel, all of whom were married: Post-adolescence (up to age 21); young adulthood (age 22–35), mid-life (age 36–49); and late adulthood (50–62). The findings revealed differences in job search intensity for the four age groups. The youngest group spent more time seeking employment per week than did the other groups. At the same time, women in the late adulthood group were least likely to reject job offers owing to financial considerations, whereas those in the young adult and mid-life groups tended to reject job offers either due to conflict with family obligations or to work conditions. Moreover, the older respondents reported a sharper decline in health following unemployment than did their younger counterparts. In the same vein, members of the late adulthood group reported less financial strain as a result of unemployment than did the rest of the groups. 相似文献
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Michal Ayalon Ruhama Even 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2015,13(2):285-307
This study compares students’ opportunities to engage in transformational (rule-based) algebraic activity between 2 classes taught by the same teacher and across 2 topics in beginning algebra: forming and investigating algebraic expressions and equivalence of algebraic expressions. It comprises 2 case studies; each involves a teacher teaching in two 7th grade classes. All 4 classes used the same textbook. Analysis of classroom videotapes (15–19 lessons in each class) revealed that the opportunities to engage in transformational algebraic activity related to forming and investigating algebraic expressions were similar in each teacher’s 2 classes. By contrast, substantial differences were found between 1 teacher’s classes with regard to the opportunities to engage in transformational algebraic activity related to equivalence of algebraic expressions. The discussion highlights the contribution of the interplay among the mathematical topic, the teacher, and the class to shaping students’ learning opportunities. Specifically, the mathematical topic appeared to play a prominent role in certain situations, with the topic involving deductive reasoning generating high variation in classes of 1 teacher but not in the other’s. 相似文献
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Formative assessment practices for secondary mathematics have been advocated as valuable for students, but difficult for teachers to learn. There have been calls in the literature to increase the emphasis on formative assessment in mathematics teacher preparation courses. This study explored the use of peer-assessment strategies for helping pre-service secondary mathematics teachers (PSTs) cultivate formative assessment principles and practices for assessing school students. Twenty-seven PSTs participated in a peer-assessment cycle comprised of: sourcing a rich mathematics task; constructing an assessment rubric for it; and collecting and analysing a selection of secondary student responses to the task. Each PST then provided written and verbal feedback to a peer on his/her rubric and student solution assessments. We draw on theoretical conceptions of Teacher Assessment Literacy in Practice to characterize the PSTs’ perceptions of their experience of formative assessment processes for learning to assess school students, in terms of cognitive and affective dimensions of their conceptions of assessment. The cohort evidenced a wide range of levels of confidence with the various aspects of formative assessment practices but on average less confidence in assessing school student task responses themselves than in assessing peer work. In addition to highlighting specific changes to different types of assessment knowledge, the PSTs also evidenced an awareness of shifts in their attitudes, in coming to view student task responses with more appreciation and humility.
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