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1.
Rachel J. Bar Stephanie E. Cassin Michelle M. Dionne 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(3):325-335
A substantial amount of evidence suggests that collegiate and elite athletes involved in weight-sensitive sports are at greater risk of developing eating disorders (EDs) than the general population. With the limited effectiveness of treatment for EDs, prevention of EDs has been broadly considered in the literature. The present paper reviewed the existing literature on ED prevention programmes for athletes in order to determine the current status of prevention programmes and recommend future directions. The available literature suggests that selective, primary interventions with multiple targets and an interactive multimodal approach appear most effective. Current challenges in the field, including lack of longitudinal research, hesitation by the sport community to be involved in ED research and poor cross-field communication and collaboration, are also explored. The lack of dissemination of evidence-based prevention programmes and the simultaneous promotion of prevention programmes that have not yet been empirically examined are also discussed. Based on these observations future directions are recommended. 相似文献
2.
Meredith A. Park Rogers Dionne I. Cross Melissa Sommerfeld Gresalfi Amy E. Trauth-Nare Gayle A. Buck 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2011,9(4):893-917
The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which three teachers’ professional experience and existing orientations
toward teaching and learning mathematics and science influenced their implementation of a project-based curriculum (i.e. project-based
learning (PBL)). Data sources included interviews, videotapes of classroom activity, and a teaching philosophy questionnaire.
Data analysis was conducted using an iterative coding technique. We found coherency between the teachers’ perceived orientations
and their emergent ideas about PBL, their sense of PBL as being compatible with their goals, and the specific challenges with
which they struggled. All the teachers wanted their students to be successful; however, different definitions of success led
to quite different approaches toward teaching, and for the most part, these differences appeared to have occurred because
of existing orientations the teachers held for teaching their discipline. Implications for professional development taking
into account teachers’ orientations and thus their professional experience are discussed, as well as disciplinary challenges
to using PBL. 相似文献
3.
Dionne Danns 《The Urban Review》2008,40(1):64-75
Superintendent James Redmond created a desegregation plan for Chicago Public Schools in 1967, which affected a limited amount
of students, but caused great uproar. This article examines the numerous White responses in opposition to busing including
those that appear legitimate, such as a desire to maintain neighborhood schools. However, given the history of neighborhood
and school segregation in Chicago, the legitimacy of words alone cannot be taken at face value. The larger context must be
explored in order to better understand White opposition to busing. 相似文献
4.
Mouna Liliane Samman 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1993,39(1-2):63-73
Résumé Les migrations internationales ont des implications croissantes dans les pays de départ et les pays d'accueil des migrants. Dans ces derniers, la présence d'étrangers et de membres de leurs familles pose de nos jours des problèmes d'insertion, suscite la polémique et entraine une montée de la xénophobie. Parallèlement aux mesures d'ordre politique, économique et social qui sont prises au niveau des pouvoirs publics pour régler ces problèmes, l'institution éducative doit contribuer à désamorcer les tensions sociales en jouant son rôle dans la préparation des esprits et l'évolution des mentalités.Plus particulièrement, lorsque les programmes d'enseignement aborderont les questions de migrations internationales ils devraient les traiter dans le cadre de l'évolution de l'histoire pour leur donner toute leur signification et les ramener à leur vraie dimension temporelle et spatiale. Il est important aussi que l'accroissement de l'interdépendance entre les pays soit mis en relief, que l'histoire nationale soit placée dans le contexte international et que les véritables enjeux liés à ces mouvements soient clarifiés. Dans ce contexte, une initiation des apprenants aux Droits de l'homme est nécessaire, initiation qui concentrera sur les valeurs morales universelles ou touchant l'individu. Enfin, les questions de migrations internationales sont généralement présentées dans les médias d'une manière sélective et partiale. Et les jeunes qui saisissent l'information, souvent, perçoivent les jugements immédiats portés sur les situations et l'actualité comme des preuves et arguments. Voilà pourquoi tout enseignement sur les questions de migrations internationales devrait être pensé ou repensé par référence à l'action complémentaire ou concurrente des médias.
International migrations have growing implications for both countries of origin and countries of destination. In the latter, the presence of foreigners and of members of their families today creates problems of integration, causes argument and brings mounting xenophobia. Paralleling political, economic and social measures taken by public authorities to respond to these difficulties, education needs to assist in defusing the resulting social tensions by preparing the minds of learners and helping to develop new attitudes.In particular, when educational programmes address questions of international migration, these should be treated in the framework of historical evolution so that their real significance and their true temporal and spatial dimensions become apparent. It is also important that the growing interdependence between countries should be made plain, that national history should be placed in its international context, and that the true consequences of these developments should be made clear. In this context, learners need to be acquainted with Human Rights, thereby stressing universal moral values and the role of the individual. Lastly, questions relating to international migration are usually presented in the media in a selective and partial manner, and the young people who take in this information often accept the hasty judgments which are made of situations as proven facts. This is why all teaching about international migration needs to be considered or reconsidered in the light of the complementary or competing actions of the media.
Zusammenfassung Internationale Völkerwanderungen haben sowohl auf das Heimatland als auch auf das Aufnahmeland wachsenden Einfluß. Im letzteren bringt die Präsenz von Ausländern und ihren Familienmitgliedern Integrationsprobleme mit sich und führt zu öffentlichen Debatten und wachsender Ausländerfeindlichkeit. Parallel zu den von den öffentlichen Behörden ergriffenen politischen, ökonomischen und sozialen Maßnahmen zur Lösung dieser Probleme, sollte der Bildungssektor beim Abbau der aufgebauten sozialen Spannungen helfen, indem Schüler entsprechend vorbereitet werden und die Entwicklung neuer Ansichten gefördert wird.Besonders dann, wenn Bildungsprogramme Fragen nach internationalen Völkerwanderungen aufwerfen, sollten diese im Rahmen der historischen Evolution entwickelt werden, damit ihre wahre Bedeutung und die genauen Zeit- und Raumdimensionen herausgestellt werden.Außerdem sollte die wachsende Interpendenz zwischen den Ländern aufgezeigt, die nationale Geschichte in ihren internationalen Kontext gebracht und die wahren Konsequenzen dieser Entwicklungen deutlich herausgestellt werden. In diesem Kontext müssen die Lernenden mit den Menschenrechten, insbesondere den universellen moralischen Werten und der Rolle des Einzelnen vertraut gemacht werden. Im letzten Teil werden Fragen unter dem Aspekt internationaler Völkerwanderungen aufgeworfen, die im allgemeinen nur selektiv und unvollständig in den Medien präsentiert werden. Junge Menschen, die diese Informationen aufnehmen, verinnerlichen die überstürzten Beurteilungen häufig, in denen Situationen als gegebene Fakten dargestellt werden. Darum müssen alle Lehransätze über internationale Völkerwanderungen berücksichtigt oder unter dem Aspekt von Konkurrenz-oder Ergänzungsaktionen der Medien neu betrachtet werden.相似文献
5.
Nadine Forget-Dubois Ginette Dionne Jean-Pascal Lemelin Daniel Pérusse Richard E. Tremblay Michel Boivin 《Child development》2009,80(3):736-749
Home environment quality is a well-known predictor of school readiness (SR), although the underlying processes are little known. This study tested two hypotheses: (a) child language mediates the association between home characteristics (socioeconomic status and exposure to reading) and SR, and (b) genetic factors partly explain the association between language and SR. Data were collected between 6 and 63 months in a large sample of twins. Results showed that home characteristics had direct effects on SR and indirect effects through child language. No genetic correlation was found between language and SR. These results suggest that home characteristics affect SR in part through their effect on early language skills, and show that this process is mainly environmental rather than genetic in nature. 相似文献
6.
Jennifer Martin Pascale Colé Christel Leuwers Séverine Casalis Michel Zorman Liliane Sprenger-Charolles 《Annals of dyslexia》2010,60(2):238-264
This study investigated the reading and reading-related skills of 15 French-speaking adults with dyslexia, whose performance
was compared with that of chronological-age controls (CA) and reading-level controls (RL). Experiment 1 assessed the efficiency
of their phonological reading-related skills (phonemic awareness, phonological short-term memory, and rapid automatic naming
(RAN)) and experiment 2 assessed the efficiency of their lexical and sublexical (or phonological) reading procedures (reading
aloud of pseudowords and irregular words of different lengths). Experiment 1 revealed that adults with dyslexia exhibited
lower phonological reading-related skills than CAs only, and were better than RL controls on the RAN. In experiment 2, as
compared with RL controls, only a deficit in the sublexical reading procedure was observed. The results of the second experiment
replicated observations from English-language studies but not those of the first experiment. Several hypotheses are discussed
to account for these results, including one related to the transparency of orthographic systems. 相似文献
7.
Dionne Danns 《The Urban Review》2018,50(4):584-603
School desegregation in Chicago was derived from the implementation of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. This article follows the formation of this policy to its implementation in Chicago. First, the federal government used the Civil Rights Act to garner school desegregation. Then, the Chicago Board of Education created desegregation plans for Chicago Public Schools which included school choice options. Finally, the article uses the oral histories of 68 graduates of three Chicago public high schools to demonstrate how the policy was utilized. The entire process reveals the continuation of institutional racism as school desegregation in Chicago was effectively limited as only a few Black and Latino students benefited from school desegregation. 相似文献
8.
Melissa Sommerfeld Gresalfi Jacqueline Barnes Dionne Cross 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2012,80(1-2):249-267
Drawing on ecological psychology, this paper considers how student engagement is an accomplishment of the classroom system. Specifically, this paper presents an analysis of two teachers and their students who were using a project-based unit in their mathematics classes. The two teachers used identical curricular materials, but had dramatically different personal histories of teaching and different instructional practices. Our goal is to investigate the role of the teacher in supporting student engagement by considering the kinds of opportunities to learn that were presented by the teacher, and the relationship between those opportunities to learn and the ways their students engaged. Pragmatically, this paper contributes to our understanding of how teachers’ framing of activity significantly impacts the ways that students are likely to engage tasks. Theoretically, this paper highlights the interactional nature of learning, with the goal of clarifying why learning is not simply an individual accomplishment. 相似文献
9.
The genetic-environmental etiology of cognitive school readiness and later academic achievement in early childhood 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Lemelin JP Boivin M Forget-Dubois N Dionne G Séguin JR Brendgen M Vitaro F Tremblay RE Pérusse D 《Child development》2007,78(6):1855-1869
Using a genetic design of 840 60-month-old twins, this study investigated the genetic and environmental contributions to (a) individual differences in four components of cognitive school readiness, (b) the general ability underlying these four components, and (c) the predictive association between school readiness and school achievement. Results revealed that the contribution of the shared environment for cognitive school readiness was substantial. Genetic effects were more important for the core abilities underlying school readiness than for each specific skill, although shared environment remained the largest factor overall. Genetic, shared, and nonshared environmental factors all accounted for the predictive association between school readiness and early school achievement. These results contribute to a better understanding of the early determinants of school readiness. 相似文献
10.
Dionne P. Stephens Tami L. Thomas Asia Eaton 《American journal of sexuality education》2016,11(4):267-286
This study identifies health beliefs influencing Hispanic college men's human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake decision making processes. Hispanic college men were interviewed about their HPV vaccine knowledge, and information seeking behaviors. Overall, participants did not view HPV infection or vaccination as an immediate concern or priority; belief that it was a virus that only affected women, and a sense of invulnerability informed their positions. Despite these issues, most men were willing to consider getting the HPV vaccine if they received more education from health care providers, and cost concerns were addressed. These findings pointed to gaps in our understandings of Hispanic college men's HPV vaccination beliefs and provided insight into the importance of integrating this population's unique beliefs into campus health providers efforts aimed at increasing vaccination rates. 相似文献