Al-Ghazālī     

Nabil Nofal 《Prospects》1993,23(3-4):519-538

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A “twisted” microfluidic mixer suitable for a wide range of flow rate applications     

Shilpa Sivashankar  Sumeyra Agambayev  Yousof Mashraei  Er Qiang Li  Sigurdur T. Thoroddsen  Khaled Nabil Salama 《Biomicrofluidics》2016,10(3)

This paper proposes a new “twisted” 3D microfluidic mixer fabricated by a laser writing/microfabrication technique. Effective and efficient mixing using the twisted micromixers can be obtained by combining two general chaotic mixing mechanisms: splitting/recombining and chaotic advection. The lamination of mixer units provides the splitting and recombination mechanism when the quadrant of circles is arranged in a two-layered serial arrangement of mixing units. The overall 3D path of the microchannel introduces the advection. An experimental investigation using chemical solutions revealed that these novel 3D passive microfluidic mixers were stable and could be operated at a wide range of flow rates. This micromixer finds application in the manipulation of tiny volumes of liquids that are crucial in diagnostics. The mixing performance was evaluated by dye visualization, and using a pH test that determined the chemical reaction of the solutions. A comparison of the tornado-mixer with this twisted micromixer was made to evaluate the efficiency of mixing. The efficiency of mixing was calculated within the channel by acquiring intensities using ImageJ software. Results suggested that efficient mixing can be obtained when more than 3 units were consecutively placed. The geometry of the device, which has a length of 30 mm, enables the device to be integrated with micro total analysis systems and other lab-on-chip devices.  相似文献   

Das,J. P., Kirby,J. R., & Jarman,R. F. Simultaneous and successive cognitive processes. New York: Academic Press, 1979, 247 pp., $27.00     

Frederick A. Haddad 《Psychology in the schools》1984,21(3):409-410

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The Romantic Collector in China: Nathan Dunn's Ten Thousand Chinese Things     

John Haddad 《Journal of American culture (Malden, Mass. : 2003)》1998,21(1):7-26

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Relationships between anthropometric measures and athletic performance,with special reference to repeated-sprint ability,in the Qatar national soccer team     

Franck Brocherie  Olivier Girard  Fabricio Forchino  Hani Al Haddad  Gilvan A. Dos Santos  Grégoire P. Millet 《Journal of sports sciences》2014,32(13):1243-1254

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine potential relationships between anthropometric parameters and athletic performance with special consideration to repeated-sprint ability (RSA). Sixteen players of the senior male Qatar national soccer team performed a series of anthropometric and physical tests including countermovement jumps without (CMJ) and with free arms (CMJwA), straight-line 20 m sprint, RSA (6 × 35 m with 10 s recovery) and incremental field test. Significant (P < 0.05) relationships occurred between muscle-to-bone ratio and both CMJs height (r ranging from 0.56 to 0.69) as well as with all RSA-related variables (r < –0.53 for sprinting times and r = 0.54 for maximal sprinting speed) with the exception of the sprint decrement score (S_dec). The sum of six skinfolds and adipose mass index were largely correlated with S_dec (r = 0.68, P < 0.01 and r = 0.55, P < 0.05, respectively) but not with total time (TT, r = 0.44 and 0.33, P > 0.05, respectively) or any standard athletic tests. Multiple regression analyses indicated that muscular cross-sectional area for mid-thigh, adipose index, straight-line 20 m time, maximal sprinting speed and CMJwA are the strongest predictors of S_dec (r² = 0.89) and TT (r² = 0.95) during our RSA test. In the Qatar national soccer team, players’ power-related qualities and RSA are associated with a high muscular profile and a low adiposity. This supports the relevance of explosive power for the soccer players and the larger importance of neuromuscular qualities determining the RSA.  相似文献   

Injury rates in professional soccer players during Ramadan     

Chamari K  Haddad M  Wong del P  Dellal A  Chaouachi A 《Journal of sports sciences》2012,30(Z1):S93-102

Many of the socio-cultural lifestyle and dietary changes that take place during Ramadan may affect the risk of injury in athletes, but little evidence is available. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects over two consecutive years of the holy month of Ramadan on injury rates in 42 professional players of a Tunisian top-level professional soccer team. Players were retrospectively organized into fasting and non-fasting groups and monitored for 3 months: 4 weeks before Ramadan, during the month of Ramadan (4 weeks), and 4 weeks after Ramadan each year. During Ramadan, training started at 22.00 h. The circumstances (training/match) and mechanism of injury (traumatic/overuse) were recorded. No significant differences between the three periods were observed for weekly mean training load, training strain, training duration, and Hooper's Index (quality of sleep, and quantities of stress, delayed-onset muscle soreness, and fatigue). Compared with non-fasting players, fasters had a lower (P < 0.05) Hooper's Index and stress during and after Ramadan. No significant difference in injury rates was observed between fasting and non-fasting players. Nevertheless, the rates of non-contact (6.8 vs. 0.6 and 1.1) and training overuse (5.6 vs. 0.6 and 0.5) injuries were significantly higher in fasting players during the month of Ramadan than before or after Ramadan. In conclusion, Ramadan, along with the corresponding changes in nutritional habits, sleeping schedule, and socio-cultural and religious events, significantly increased overuse and non-contact injuries in fasting players despite the fact that the training load, strain, and duration were maintained.  相似文献   

An Approach to Value-Based Modeling of Information Flows     

Nabil Kamel Murali Mohan Narasipuram Kranti Toraskar 《The Information Society》1997,13(1):93-105

This article presents a new approach to modeling information flows within today's information systems environments characterized by electronic commerce. We treat information as a resource whose value is fundamentally multidimensional in nature. In this article we consider the economic and psychological dimensions of the value of information. It is argued that it is meaningless to model the value of information in isolation away from the context and the specific parties between which this information is exchanged. We therefore focus exclusively on modeling information flows rather than information itself. To achieve this, we propose a formal framework for describing transactions involving information flows. The framework consists of a generalized model for representing information transactions and for defining a set of fundamental properties of multiparty transactions. These properties are fairness, constructiveness, and monopoly. Where applicable, they are defined for individuals, transactions, and a system of transactions. The proposed model reveals the nature of individual transactions and markets, and consequently has important implications for simulation of market scenarios and to help arrive at effective policies for pricing and market regulations.  相似文献   

One-trial excitatory backward conditioning as assessed by conditioned suppression of licking in rats: Concurrent observations of lick suppression and defensive behaviors     

John J. B. Ayres  Christopher Haddad  Melody Albert 《Learning & behavior》1987,15(2):212-217

Twenty-eight male albino rats were given a single 4-sec 1-mA electric-grid-shock unconditioned stimulus (US). In the same session they received two 12-sec conditioned stimuli (CSs). One CS (explicitly unpaired) terminated 180 sec before the US began; the other (backward paired) began immediately after the US terminated. The CSs used were a 1000-Hz 85-dB tone and an 84-dB click; their roles were counterbalanced. Over the next 2 days, each CS was presented for 2 min while the rats drank from a water bottle. The backward-paired CS was found to suppress licking more than the explicitly unpaired CS. This suppression was accompanied by an increase in defensive behavior (freezing and freeze/nod) and by a decrease in other activity. The suppression did not seem to be due to a maintained or enhanced CS-orienting response reflex, nor could it be attributed to an adventitiously reinforced interfering operant. The results support the presumption made in previous reports that the lick suppression evoked by a backward CS reflected one-trial backward excitatory fear conditioning.  相似文献   

Sources of social support among school counsellors in Jordan and its relationship to burnout     

Afaf Haddad 《International journal for the advancement of counseling》1998,20(2):113-121

This study aimed at investigating which source of social support (supervisors, colleagues, friends, spouse, family) would be most effective in reducing burnout among school counsellors. A sample of 90 counsellors (47 males and 43 females) completed Burnout and Source of Social Support questionnaires. Pearson correlation coefficients and ANOVA were employed to analyze data. Results revealed significant positive correlations between family support, colleague support, and personal accomplishment. Demographic variables: sex, age, marital status, and counselling experience were not significantly related to any of the three burnout dimensions. Results were interpreted and implications for counselling were suggested.  相似文献   

A parametric study on the contact stress of half toroidal continuously variable transmission   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Nabil Abdulla Atti  QIN Datong  SHI Wankai  LI Huaying The State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission  Chongqing University  Chongqing  P.R. China Faculty of Engineering  Helwan University  Matari  Egypt College of Agricultural Engineeri 《重庆大学学报(英文版)》2003,2(2)

1. Introduction A toroidal continuously variable transmission (CVT) that uses a traction drive to transmit torque has a vastly larger torque capacity than a conventional CVT. This transmission technology has attracted considerable interest owing to its capability in substantially improving vehicle fuel economy and power performance [1]. The half toroidal CVT transmits torque by means of shear resistance of the traction fluid film taking advantage of the property of the fluid solidificatio…  相似文献