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1.
Student perceptions of the information professions and their master's program in information studies
Joan M. Cherry Wendy M. Duff Nalini Singh Luanne Freund 《Library & information science research》2011,33(2):120-131
Library and information (LIS) education is undergoing a major transformation. During this time of change, there is a pressing need for data from all stakeholder groups to support strategic decisions within individual schools and across the discipline as a whole; students are a key stakeholder group. This paper reports on a 4-year study of master's students enrolled in an institution undergoing a transition toward an iSchool. The self-administered questionnaire was distributed to students enrolled in the Master of Information Studies program at the University of Toronto eight times: to incoming students in the fall term for 4 years, and to the entire student body in the spring term of those same years. The data collected from approximately 1000 questionnaires indicate that students arrive excited about the information professions and optimistic about employment opportunities. As they progress through the program, however, many are not satisfied with professional aspects of their program. They want courses that prepare them for their first professional position, and opportunities to gain experience, which they believe will increase their employability. The data from the 4-year period revealed fluctuations over the years, which indicates the value of examining longitudinal data. 相似文献
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R. Nalini C. R. Wilma Delphine Silvia Purnima M. Makhija Sheila Uthappa 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2005,20(1):165-168
Prognostic factors influence the modality and course of therapy in breast cancer. These include both histopathological and
biochemical variables. This study was aimed to find out if any correlation exists between the biochemical tumor marker-serum
CA 15.3, and the lymph node staging of Nottingham’s Prognostic Index (NPI). It was observed that serum CA 15.3 showed a statistically
significant correlation with lymph node staging of NPI. Therefore it is concluded that CA 15.3 can be utilized as a useful
prognostic marker, particularly in cases where histopathological variables such as tumor size and grade have been altered
by pre-operative chemotherapy. 相似文献
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Rosemary Giuriato Goran Štrkalj Amanda J. Meyer Nalini Pather 《Anatomical sciences education》2020,13(1):37-47
Human anatomy knowledge is a core requirement for all health care clinicians. There is a paucity of information relating to anatomy content and delivery in Australian chiropractic programs. The aim of this study was to describe anatomy teaching in Australian chiropractic programs, utilizing a survey which was distributed to all four programs, requesting information on: anatomy program structure, delivery methods, assessment, teaching resources, and academic staff profile at their institution. The survey was undertaken in 2016 and documented practices in that academic year. All four institutions responded. There was a reported difference in the teaching hours, content, delivery and assessment of anatomy utilized in Australian chiropractic programs. Anatomy was compulsory at all four institutions with the mean total of 214 (SD ± 100.2) teaching hours. Teaching was undertaken by permanent ongoing (30%) and sessional academic staff, and student to teacher ratio varied from 15:1 to 12:1. A variety of teaching resources were utilized, including human tissue access, either as prosected cadavers or plastinated body parts. The results of this survey confirm that anatomy has an established place in chiropractic education programs in Australia and while curricular variations exist, all programs had similar course design, delivery, and assessment methods. This study confirmed the provision of a strong foundation in topographical anatomy and neuroanatomy, while other anatomical sciences, such as histology and embryology were not consistently delivered. Formalization of a core anatomy curriculum together with competency standards is needed to assist program evaluation and development, and for accreditation purposes. 相似文献
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The authors explored the emergence and antecedents of racial stereotyping in 89 children ages 3-10 years. Children completed a number of matching and sorting tasks, including a measure designed to assess their knowledge and application of both positive and negative in-group and out-group stereotypes. Results indicate that children start to apply stereotypes to the out-group starting around 6 years of age. Controlling for a number of factors, 2 predictors contributed significantly toward uniquely explaining the use of these stereotypes: race salience (i.e., seeing and organizing by race) and essentialist thinking (i.e., believing that race cannot change). These results provide insight into how and when real-world interventions aimed at altering the acquisition of racial stereotypes may be implemented. 相似文献
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Sarah E. Gaither Eva E. Chen Kathleen H. Corriveau Paul L. Harris Nalini Ambady Samuel R. Sommers 《Child development》2014,85(6):2299-2316
Children prefer learning from, and affiliating with, their racial in‐group but those preferences may vary for biracial children. Monoracial (White, Black, Asian) and biracial (Black/White, Asian/White) children (N = 246, 3–8 years) had their racial identity primed. In a learning preferences task, participants determined the function of a novel object after watching adults (White, Black, and Asian) demonstrate its uses. In the social preferences task, participants saw pairs of children (White, Black, and Asian) and chose with whom they most wanted to socially affiliate. Biracial children showed flexibility in racial identification during learning and social tasks. However, minority‐primed biracial children were not more likely than monoracial minorities to socially affiliate with primed racial in‐group members, indicating their in‐group preferences are contextually based. 相似文献
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Maya Roche V. P. Arun Kumar S. M. Ibrahim K. Nalini 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2008,23(4):352-355
Antitryptic, antichymotryptic and alpha 2- macroglobulin activities were measured in sera of normal nonpregnant and normal
pregnant women and women with tubal ectopic pregnancy and molar pregnancies in the first 5 to 7 weeks of pregnancy calculated
from the last menstrual period. While alpha 2-macroglobulin decreased in early normal pregnancy compared to nonpregnant state
(p<0.001), in ectopic and molar pregnancies there was an increase in alpha 2- macroglobulin activity (p < 0.001), as compared
to nonpregnant and normal pregnant women. Antitryptic activity did not increase in normal and ectopic pregnancy, however was
increased in molar pregnancy (p < 0.01). Antichymotryptic activities did not show a change either in normal pregnancy or in
cases of ectopic and molar pregnancy. Drop in alpha 2- macroglobulin activity to near normal levels in ectopic, 6 weeks post
surgery, correlated well with the decrease in β-hCG. However, in molar pregnancy, alpha 2- macroglobulin remained elevated
even when the β-hCG levels in serum returned to zero 10 weeks after surgery. The studies suggest a major role for circulating
proteinase inhibitors especially alpha 2-macroglobulin in regulating proteinase activity in normal, ectopic and molar pregnancy. 相似文献
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Technological advancements have made it possible to create realistic virtual representations of the real world, although it is unclear in medical education whether high physical fidelity is required in virtual learning resources (VLRs). This study, therefore, aimed to compare the effectiveness of high-fidelity (HF) and low-fidelity (LF) VLRs for learning anatomy. For this study, HF and LF VLRs were developed for liver anatomy and participants were voluntarily recruited from two cohorts (cohorts 1 and 2). Knowledge outcomes were measured through pre- and post-tests, task outcomes including activity score and completion time were recorded and participants' perceptions of the VLRs were surveyed. A total of 333 participants (165 HF and 168 LF) took part in this study. Knowledge outcomes were higher for the HF activity in cohort 1 and for the LF activity in cohort 2, although not significantly. There were no significant differences in activity score within either cohort, although completion time was significantly longer for the HF activity in cohort 1 (P = 0.001). There were no significant differences within either cohort in perceptions of the VLRs regarding usefulness for reviewing conceptual knowledge, esthetics, quality, mental effort experienced, or future use, although the LF VLR was scored significantly higher regarding the value for understanding in cohort 1 (P = 0.027).This study suggests that high physical fidelity is not necessarily required for anatomy VLRs, although may potentially be valuable for improving knowledge outcomes. Also, level of prior knowledge may be an important factor when considering the physical fidelity of anatomy VLRs. 相似文献
10.
Developments in biology and genetics in recent decades have caused significant shifts in the understanding and conceptualization of human biological variation. Humans vary biologically in different ways, including individually, due to age, ancestry, and sex. An understanding of the complexities of all levels of biological variation is necessary for efficient health care delivery. Important steps in teaching medical students about human variation could be carried out in anatomy classes, and thus, it is important that anatomical education absorbs new developments in how biological variation is comprehended. Since the early 1990s biological sex in humans has been vigorously investigated by scientists, social scientists, and interest groups. Consequently, the binary division in male and female sex has been called into question and a more fluid understanding of sex has been proposed. Some of the major textbooks teach anatomy, particularly of the urogenital system, as a male-female binary. Anatomical sciences curricula need to adopt a more current approach to sex including the introduction of the category of “intersex”/“differences in sexual development” and present sex as a continuum rather than two sharply divided sets of characteristics. This approach offers a better understanding of the complexity of sex differences and, at the same time, provides students with an improved theoretical framework for understanding human variation in general, transcending the limitations of biological typology. When well delivered, the non-binary approach could play a significant contribution to the formation of competent and responsible medical practitioners and avoidance of problematic practices such as non-consensual “normalizing” surgeries. 相似文献