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1.
自20世纪80年代中期以来,全世界范围内接连出现的政府主导的改革将高等教育系统向"教科书般"经济市场越推越近已实施的改革包括公司化、引入竞争性资助、增加学费和其他费用、使用高校管理中产出模式和绩效报告。但是,没有一个国家面向本国学生的第一学位教育是按照真正的资本主义经济市场来运作的,没有研究型大学的发展是被股东、利润、市场份额、配置效率或商品形式所驱动的。在一些国家,只有职业培训和国际教育才会真正收取商业性质的学费。虽然高等教育中普遍存在激烈的竞争、企业家精神和消费者话语,但资本主义在其中没有一席之地;现有的高等教育市场充其量是一个受监管的准市场在许多国家,高等教育领域的"市场改革"不同于交通、通信、广播电视和医疗保险界的私有化和商业化。究其原因,本文发现真正的市场改革受制于高等教育领域特定的内在限度(公共产品、地位竞争)以及与这些限度相关的政治因素、高等教育市场改革计划在本质上是乌托邦式的,目前市场改革的抽象理想仍在持续并不是因为它具有真正实现的前景,而是由于外源性政策的推动(如财政缩减、政府控制等)。如果资本主义市场是无法实现的,为什么要继续假装它们可以实现呢?我们需要一个与教育系... 更多还原 相似文献
2.
Devika Naidoo 《Teaching in Higher Education》2013,18(3):340-351
Against the background of vast changes in doctoral education and the emergence of non-traditional doctoral programmes, this paper investigates the habitus of non-traditional PhD students at a South African university. Bourdieu's conceptual tool of habitus informed the study. In-depth and open-ended interviews were conducted with 10 non-traditional students. Data analysis indicates non-traditional students' complex and multifaceted habitus. Non-traditional PhD students' dispositions and experiences include tenacious self-motivation and self-regulation in the face of severely constraining conditions, diverse epistemologies, hybrid goals, more communal orientations, perplexedness about ‘produce new knowledge’ and other requirements of the PhD, vulnerability regarding funds, complex self-change ranging from elation and affirmation to humiliation and confusion and exclusion and non-recognition at the department and faculty levels. These findings indicate greater challenges for non-traditional doctoral programmes that would respond to the academic and social needs of non-traditional students. 相似文献
3.
Abstract An OPI approach (Naidoo and Rolls, 2000) was used to understand how small-scale cattle keepers in a village in Mauritius managed information content. Grounded theory emerged from the study to show that management of information is basically an interaction between working knowledge and information from sources influenced by personal characteristics. The cattle keepers manage information through nine structures of information at the cognitive level. The OPI method has implications for future extension work. 相似文献
4.
The article examines the theoretical and empirical literature on higher education’s role in relation to social equity and
related notions of citizenship, social justice, social cohesion and meritocracy. It considers both the education and the research
functions of higher education and how these impact upon different sections of society, on who benefits and who loses from
them. Questions for future research on the wider impact of higher education are posed as well as some research questions on
the narrower issue of widening participation. 相似文献
5.
Reflecting on the training programmes for school counsellors, I feel that there is a need for more adequate training in competences and skills in basic counselling and human relationships. There is a strong need for a more balanced approach between theory and practical application. This article examines microcounselling as an innovation in interviewing training for school counsellors in particular. 相似文献
6.
The centrality of service learning in the development of students’ professional practice has received worldwide attention. Exposure to appropriately designed service learning experience determines the acquisition of graduate attributes. This article addresses a study in which the key question was: What methods and strategies do students and their clinical supervisors find beneficial in improving their learning experiences during service learning placements? Drawing on the views and experiences of a group of final year occupational therapy (OT) students and their supervisors, the initial focus is on concepts in learning relevant to service learning and professional development, including Vygotsky's zone of proximal development (ZPD), the capability approach and collaborative and peer assisted learning. This is followed by an overview of the methodology and an analysis of the students’ and clinical supervisors’ experiences during service learning. The discussion focuses on the implications of the study findings for practice within a service learning context to enhance the alignment of institutional practices with students’ needs. 相似文献
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8.
Ashraf Kagee Anthony V. Naidoo Sherine Van Wyk 《International journal for the advancement of counseling》2003,25(4):225-233
While political conflicts in many countries have resulted in large-scale destruction and loss of life, South Africa has been successful in avoiding a violent conflict following the demise of apartheid. The Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) has been seen as an important mechanism contributing to South Africa's successful management of its political challenges. Yet, the legacy of apartheid continues beyond the work of the TRC, and several social problems such as poverty, unemployment, crime, and substance abuse continue to affect many South African communities. Psychology is uniquely poised to assist in addressing these social problems and in contributing to the development of a community of peace. Academic psychology departments have responded by implementing an undergraduate programme aimed at training professional counsellors to respond to community needs in post-apartheid South Africa. This paper surveys the present political landscape in South Africa, examines the work of the TRC as a psychological change catalyst and peace building mechanism, and calls attention to the role of psychology in contributing to national development. 相似文献
9.
P. M. Alexander M. Holmner H. H. Lotriet M. C. Matthee H. V. Pieterse S. Naidoo H. Twinomurinzi D. Jordaan 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2011,20(3):300-315
The number of student enrolments in computer-related courses remains a serious concern worldwide with far reaching consequences.
This paper reports on an extensive survey about career choice and associated motivational factors amongst new students, only
some of whom intend to major in computer-related courses, at two South African universities. The data were analyzed using
some components of Social Cognitive Career Theory, namely external influences, self-efficacy beliefs and outcome expectations.
The research suggests the need for new strategies for marketing computer-related courses and the avenues through which they
are marketed. This can to some extent be achieved by studying strategies used by other (non-computer) university courses,
and their professional bodies. However, there are also distinct differences, related to self-efficacy and career outcomes,
between the computer majors and the ‘other’ group and these need to be explored further in order to find strategies that work
well for this group. It is not entirely clear what the underlying reasons are for these differences but it is noteworthy that
the perceived importance of “Interest in the career field” when choosing a career remains very high for both groups of students. 相似文献
10.
David Naidoo 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2018,22(6):622-637
Following the birth of South Africa's democracy there has been an increasing number of foreign students entering the country. In the main, students from a very unstable African continent see South African tertiary institutions as a beacon of hope in achieving academic capital. Due to their monetary value, foreign students are welcomed into educational institutions, creating the perception that foreigners are academically and socially included. However, spatial access is not necessarily synonymous with inclusion. This article captures the experiences of inclusion, exclusion and marginalisation of a cohort of African international students at a private higher education institution in Johannesburg, South Africa. The study argues that the nature of educational inclusion is more multi-faceted than bi-directional with issues of power, overtly or subtly affecting student experience. Students’ constructs of inclusion extend beyond formal acceptance and presence in lecture venues, to experiences of marginalisation, exclusion and alienation by both staff and peers. These experiences reinforce the students’ vulnerability in terms of academic success as well as social acceptance. Management teams at educational institutions have the responsibility to provide adequate support to foreign students who view themselves as ‘strangers in a new world?…?’ 相似文献