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研究目的：通过三维数值模拟,研究隧道施工过程对双叠隧道的影响。创新要点：使用全三维数值模拟方法研究软土中双叠隧道施工对先挖隧道或地面的影响。研究方法：1.运用FLAC软件创建双叠隧道的三维数值模型（图1）;2.分情况模拟机械化双叠隧道的挖掘过程;3.研究不同情况下的地面沉降,水平地面位移,以及隧道衬砌的法向位移、法向力、纵向力和弯曲力矩等。重要结论：1.新隧道施工对现有的隧道有很大的影响,最大影响出现在先挖上层隧道的情况下;2.一般来说,上层隧道的挖掘会比下层隧道产生更大的地面沉降;3.下层隧道产生的法向力总是比上层隧道大;4.在多数情况下,下层隧道产生的法向位移和弯曲力矩要比上层隧道小。 相似文献
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康拉德的小说以深刻的主题、广阔的背景和精湛的叙事艺术在英国文学史上占有重要地位。他不仅在小说的叙事形式和内容两个方面继承了英国文学的传统,而且敢于创新,如主张从"内部视点"进行人物描写和叙述事件,引入叙述者"马罗",提出并尝试"时间变换"与"时间并存"的方法,取得了突出的艺术成就。 相似文献
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Daphne Goldman Orit Ben-Zvi Assaraf Julia Shemesh 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2014,39(3):325-347
While importance of environmental ethics, as a component of sustainable development, in preparing engineers is widely acknowledged, little research has addressed chemical engineers’ environmental concerns. This study aimed to address this void by exploring chemical engineering students’ values regarding human–nature relationships. The study was conducted with 247 3rd–4th year chemical engineering students in Israeli Universities. It employed the New Ecological Paradigm (NEP)-questionnaire to which students added written explanations. Quantitative analysis of NEP-scale results shows that the students demonstrated moderately ecocentric orientation. Explanations to the NEP-items reveal diverse, ambivalent ideas regarding the notions embodied in the NEP, strong scientific orientation and reliance on technology for addressing environmental challenges. Endorsing sustainability implies that today's engineers be equipped with an ecological perspective. The capacity of Higher Education to enable engineers to develop dispositions about human–nature interrelationships requires adaptation of curricula towards multidisciplinary, integrative learning addressing social–political–economic–ethical perspectives, and implementing critical-thinking within the socio-scientific issues pedagogical approach. 相似文献
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A systematic study of children's ideas on motion of macroscopic objects was carried out with the participation of 631 subjects in Grades 2–12 (ages 7–8 through 17–18). An open-ended, four-part questionnaire was administered to the subjects. The responses were categorized according to the level of sophistication of the answer. The results were analyzed using a mathematical model that was first applied to the development of Piagetian stages (Eckstein & Shemesh, 1992, in press). For three of the questions, the responses change as the children mature, and it appears that the children pass through distinct, successive stages with respect to their conceptual understanding of these questions. The mathematical model predicts that the proportion of subjects at each stage is a linear combination of decreasing exponentials. The model fits the experimental data well. Characteristic times for transition between stages were calculated. If teaching strategies to overcome misconceptions are to be effective, then they must be appropriate to the particular misconception prevalent at each stage. 相似文献
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最近公司正在做规划,规划重点正是公司信息化。在一周前,我还在考虑信息化应该做成什么样子。参加微软技术大会之后,对其提出的UC(统一沟通)的概念非常向往。想想我们公司应该也可以做成那样。微软这次 相似文献
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A theoretical model of cognitive development is applied to the study of the acquisition of formal operational schemata by adolescents. The model predicts that the proportion of adolescents who have not yet acquired the ability to perform a a specific Piagetian-like task is an exponentially decreasing function of age. The model has been used to analyze the data of two large-scale studies performed in the United States and in Israel. The functional dependence upon age was found to be the same in both countries for tasks which are used to assess the following formal operations: proportional reasoning, probabilistic reasoning, correlations, and combinatorial analysis. Different functional dependence was found for tasks assessing conservation, control of variables, and prepositional logic. These results give support to the “unity” hypothesis of cognitive development, that is, the hypothesis that the various schemata of formal thought appear simultaneously. 相似文献
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Gender-related differences in reasoning skills and learning interests of junior high school students
Michal Shemesh 《科学教学研究杂志》1990,27(1):27-34
The purpose of this study was to investigate gender-related differences in the relationship between the development of formal reasoning skills and learning interests during the early adolescent stage. For this purpose, 249 students, from seventh to ninth grade, were assessed for their level of mastery of formal reasoning skills by a test based on videotaped simple experiments. Learning interests were assessed by a written response to an open question. Results showed that adolescent boys develop patterns of formal reasoning before their girl classmates. In addition, boys tend to prefer science and technology subjects, while girls tend to prefer language, social studies, and humanities. Analysis of interactions showed that boys' tendency toward science and technology is positively correlated to their age and development of formal reasoning, while girls' tendency to the above subjects is positively related to their development of formal reasoning capacity, but inversely related to their age. Possible explanations to the above-described findings and suggestions for instructional modes that may increase girls' interest in science and technology are discussed. 相似文献
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This study examined the extent and patterns of usage of web courses, and their contribution to the academic and social perceptions of 964 undergraduate students with and without learning disabilities studying in higher education. Students were asked to complete four questionnaires examining the usage patterns of various adaptive technologies and their contribution to the student. The questionnaires assessed Perceptions of Learning through Online Usage; Accessibility of Campus Computing; Hope Scale and Subjective Well-being Scale. A detailed examination of the usage patterns of online courses revealed that, compared to the comparison group, students with LD log more often into the course sites, going into the forum more frequently and leaving significantly more messages on the forum than students in the comparison group. Findings indicated that students with LD are more familiar with assistive technology and use it more than the comparison group. Students with LD reported higher scores on the Hope scale, they felt an increased drive to find different pathways to attain their goals, as well as being motivated to pursue those goals, and their subjective well-being was higher that of the students in the comparison group. 相似文献
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杜丽萍 《阿坝师范高等专科学校学报》2008,25(1):17-20
秦观、黄庭坚在绍圣元年以后,词作的内容和风格都出现了转型。二人感伤苦闷与故作旷这的创作心态、含蓄典雅与疏宕奇崛的艺术风格体现了北宋中后期词人创作从“歌者之词”向“诗人之词”的转变,对南宋以来的词坛有着深远的影响。 相似文献
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