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It is generally known that the general goals of universities are to produce high-quality graduates for the job market, to
continuously advance the frontier of knowledge in all the disciplines, and ultimately to advance human civilization. There
can, however, be numerous specific goals which differ from one university to the other. Whatever it is, in order to achieve
the desired goals, universities need to design a realistic strategic development plan, which must include, among others, the
important logistical components and factors of university development. In Malaysia, little is known about university development
planning process as a subject area. Annual reports and calendars published by universities do not provide sufficient information
about the elements and aspects of high priorities in their strategic development plan. As such, we decided to conduct a study
on eleven (11) foremost public universities in Malaysia—a country with a centralized education system—in order to examine
the goals, components, and factors considered by university top-management in planning university development. We administered
a checklist to 296 respondents, comprising deputy vice-chancellors or deputy rectors, registrars, deans, and directors. The
checklist required the respondents to rate the consideration level on a scale of 1 (least considered) to 5 (highly considered)
for each of the items on goals, components, and factors. This article reports the main findings of our study. Among other
things, the most obvious result revealed by the study was that universities were very concerned with the relevancy of academic
programs offered and their performance in research. It was rather surprising, however, that the top-management of public universities
in Malaysia placed the goal of providing quality infrastructure and facilities at the lowest ranking. Also, this study revealed
that the government, as a factor, exerted its prominence only in terms of university budget and research grants and the execution
of some policies of national interest, but university expansion and development was largely driven by the university organization
itself, i.e., on where, what, and how it wants to expand and grow. In this regard, public universities in Malaysia still enjoy
a large degree of academic autonomy and a strong support by the government. 相似文献
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Mohammed H. Al Aqad Ahmad Arifin Bin Sapar Mohamad Bin Hussin Ros Aiza Mohd Mokhtar Abd Hakim Mohad 《Journal of Intercultural Communication Research》2019,48(3):243-256
The pun is a tricky use of a word or phrase which has very different meanings that are closely interrelated, or of words with the same sound but different meanings. The Pun is a term with a dual meaning: “close” using obvious reference, and “far” using obscure reference. The hidden is usually meant. The close meaning is the sooner that comes to the listener’s mind. However, the speaker targets at the far one yet use the close to hide it. Translating the Quran text always raises several serious challenges in translation; these challenges are due to the different translations of puns and the misinterpretations between the intended meanings of a pun with their basic concepts, which could result in a certain amount of ambiguity. The study examines the Quranic corpus and its three versions of English translations. The study utilizes the typology of Delabastita?s for horizontal puns, Nida’s techniques of dynamic and formal equivalent and Newmark’s translation methods. This research attempts to investigate the semantic meaning of puns in the Quran translation and to define the translation techniques applied in translating the Quranic puns from Arabic into English. 相似文献
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