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Currently, all elite high jumpers use the Fosbury Flop technique with a curved approach. This suggests that the curved approach presents some clear advantage, although there is no general agreement upon the mechanism or the mechanics. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of the approach curve and to investigate how it contributes to the generation of somersault rotation. A simple theoretical model was used to demonstrate that a tightening approach curve would change the inward lean towards the centre of the curve into outwards lean. Three-dimensional video analysis was used to record the performances of two elite male high jumpers in competition. It was found that in each case the radius of the approach curve and the inward lean angle both decreased towards the end of the approach. The amount of outward lean angular velocity generated was shown to be a major proportion of the required somersault angular velocity for a jump. It was concluded that the main advantage of a curved approach was that it resulted in the generation of somersault velocity providing the curve tightened towards the end of the approach. 相似文献
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《海洋奇缘》(Moana)是美国迪士尼动画公司的第57部动画长片.
故事讲述了主宰风和海的半神毛伊(Maui)偷走了女神特菲提(Te Fiti)之心,导致岩浆魔鬼厄卡(Te Ka)陷入疯狂的状态,南太平洋各小岛也面临着毁灭的威胁.一千多年后,某小岛上的酋长之女莫阿娜(Moana)在父母的呵护下渐渐长大,童年时她曾偶然捡到特菲提之心,亦曾受到大海的召唤,然而父亲却严厉禁止莫阿娜出海,即使小岛正遭受着毁灭的威胁.从奶奶那里,莫阿娜知晓了他们这一族人的历史.于是为了拯救小岛,她毅然出海去寻找被困在某地的毛伊,好让他归还特菲提之心.历经千辛万苦,莫阿娜终于见到了这个传说中高傲自大的半神.然而,毛伊却因为担心特菲提之心会带来霉运而拒绝完成这个使命.最后,在命运的指引下,毛伊不得不随着莫阿娜踏上了波澜壮阔的海洋冒险之旅. 相似文献
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Didie ER Tortolani CC Pope CG Menard W Fay C Phillips KA 《Child abuse & neglect》2006,30(10):1105-1115
OBJECTIVE: No published studies have examined childhood abuse and neglect in body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). This study examined the prevalence and clinical correlates of abuse and neglect in individuals with this disorder. METHODS: Seventy-five subjects (69.3% female, mean age=35.4+/-12.0) with DSM-IV BDD completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and were interviewed with other reliable and valid measures. RESULTS: Of these subjects, 78.7% reported a history of childhood maltreatment: emotional neglect (68.0%), emotional abuse (56.0%), physical abuse (34.7%), physical neglect (33.3%), and sexual abuse (28.0%). Forty percent of subjects reported severe maltreatment. Among females (n=52), severity of reported abuse and neglect were .32-.57 standard deviation units higher than norms for a health maintenance organization (HMO) sample of women. Severity of sexual abuse was the only type of maltreatment significantly associated with current BDD severity (r=.23, p=.047). However, severity of sexual abuse did not predict current BDD severity in a simultaneous multiple regression analysis with age and current treatment status. There were other significant associations with childhood maltreatment: history of attempted suicide was related to emotional (p=.004), physical (p=.014), and sexual abuse (p=.038). Childhood emotional abuse was associated with a lifetime substance use disorder (r=.26, p=.02), and physical abuse was negatively associated with a lifetime mood disorder (r=-.37, p=.001). CONCLUSIONS: A high proportion of individuals with BDD reported childhood abuse and neglect. Certain types of abuse and neglect appear modestly associated with BDD symptom severity and with gender, suicidality, and certain disorders. 相似文献
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