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1.
This article examines a new training design for continuing professional development that aims to support the learning of the novel knowledge and skills needed in emerging professional fields by interconnecting academic and workplace settings. The training design is based on using two advisors, one from working life and the other from an academic context. The article examined whether participants’ personal orientation to adaptive expertise predicts the success of a guidance process. The interconnection of workplace and academic contexts was expected to occur through guidance practices. In addition, the features underlying the most successful guidance relationships were analysed. Data were collected by conducting repeated semi-structured interviews with 18 course participants, eight academic advisors and eight workplace advisors in the context of a 1-year energy efficiency training programme. The results indicated that a trainee’s personal orientation towards adaptive expertise is a significant component in successful guidance processes. An interconnection of workplace and academic knowledge and practices was hardly found in the guidance provided by each participant’s academic and workplace advisors. The feature underlying the most successful guidance relationships are related at the personal, dyad and context levels. An excellent match between the expert profiles of the learner and the advisor appears to be especially critical for successful guidance and powerful knowledge exchange in emerging fields. However, finding matching advisors is often challenging. Many problems are presumably solved if these ‘right persons’ can be found and if the trainees are themselves oriented to utilise the novel resources provided to them by the advisors. 相似文献
2.
Shupin Li Lauri Hietajärvi Tuire Palonen Katariina Salmela-Aro Kai Hakkarainen 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2017,61(3):255-274
The purpose of the study was to assess adolescents’ participation in various socio-digital activities by using a self-report questionnaire, a social networking questionnaire, and interviews. The participants (n?=?253) were grade 6–9 students from a multicultural lower-secondary school in Finland. Three profiles of socio-digital participation were identified: friendship oriented basic participators (n?=?161), gaming-oriented participators (n?=?61), and creative participators (n?=?31) intensively engaged in diverse socio-digital practices. The analyses revealed systematic differences in social networking relations as a function of adolescents’ social-digital participation profile and gender. The reciprocal values in hanging out, liking, and media multiplexity were highest for creative participators, whereas gaming-oriented participators were less socially active than their peers. The socio-digital expertise of creative participators was socially recognized by a larger group of peers than that of the other groups. The study produces methodological tools suitable for collecting systematic longitudinal data of socio-digital practices of larger groups of adolescents in future. 相似文献
3.
The purpose of the present investigation was to examine young diplomats’ socialization to the professional expert culture
of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland over a six-month on-job training period, as part of their preparation for service
in the diplomatic corps. Using social network analysis, we analyzed departments’ internal social structures, prevailing social
relations, and the young diplomats’ role and position in the networks of knowledge acquisition, practical know-how, and professional
collaboration. Data collected by contextual event sampling and theme interviews and analyzed by qualitative content analysis
were used to characterize the young diplomats’ personal social support networks, resources obtained, as well as associated
reflections regarding their functioning in and socialization to the departmental workplace community. The results indicated
that across the six-month training period, the young diplomats became involved to the workplace communities’ networked expertise
and were socialized to its expert culture, even if their achieved networking positions differed. The results revealed differences
between levels of collective operational practices in the workplace communities as well as the nature of assignments in which
the young diplomats participated and for which they were responsible. It was proposed that these differences mirrored distinction
between expansive natures of young diplomats’ workplace communities as learning environments. 相似文献
4.
The aim of this study was to examine metacognition in computer-supported collaborative problem solving. The subjects of the
study were 13-year-old Finnish secondary school students (N = 16). The Knowledge Forum learning environment was used to support student pairs’ problem-solving task involving polygons
in a geometry course. The data consist of the student pairs’ posted computer notes (n = 95). To examine metacognition in a social context in the networked discussions, the features and patterns of networked
interaction, the metacognitive content of the computer notes and their relations were examined. To examine the features of
networked interaction, the social network analysis measures were used. The patterns of networked interaction were displayed
with the multidimensional scaling technique. In the analysis, metacognitive contents of the computer notes were categorized
as metacognitive knowledge, metacognitive skills, and not metacognitive. Further, with the correspondence analysis, we examined how the student pairs’ metacognitive activity was distributed. The
results of the study revealed that the metacognitive activity varied among participants, although some aspects of metacognition
such as planning were never encountered. It was found that there is a relation between metacognitive activity and the features
of interaction. The student pairs who monitored and evaluated the ongoing discussions had a strategically optimal position
in the communication network. 相似文献
5.
A characteristic feature of scientific knowledge is the high degree of coherence and connectedness of its conceptual structure.
This notion is also behind the widely accepted instructional method of representing the concepts as networks. We suggest here
that notions of explanatory coherence and deductive coherence naturally connect the structure of knowledge to the processes
which are important in constructing the concept networks. Of these processes, experimental method and modelling are shown
to be closely connected with explanatory and deductive coherence, respectively. From this viewpoint, we compare here how experts
and novices represent their physics knowledge in the form of concept networks, and show that significant differences between
experts’ and novices’ quality of knowledge become directly reflected in the structure of the networks. The results also show
how concept networks make visible both the structure of knowledge and the methodological procedures, which support its formation. 相似文献
6.
In order to address the requirements of future education in different fields of academic professional activity, a model called Academic Apprenticeship Education was initiated in Finland in 2009. The aim of this article is to analyse the development of expert networks in the context of a 1-year Academic Apprenticeship Education model in the field of energy efficiency, which is a new and rapidly developing knowledge-intensive field. We examined the creation of networking ties among all course participants, the process of networking in small groups, and individual participants’ networking activity. Data was collected by administering a social networking questionnaire in the beginning and at the end of the training to all course participants (n = 87) and analysed using social network analysis and repeated measures ANOVA. In addition, semi-structured interviews were conducted with organizers of the training to examine how the operational practices of the training supported networking. The results indicated that there was little change in the networking ties among all course participants. However, those small groups that were able to communicate appeared to create internal linkages. At the individual level, more new ties emerged for private sector actors than for public sector actors. In conclusion, we propose that a consolidated educational model should be created for the Academic Apprenticeship Education model in general. The quality of education might be better assured if the current ad hoc networks were not the only way to organise knowledge exchange among participants. 相似文献
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8.
Learning to understand the content and meaning of physics’ concepts is one of the main goals of physics education. In achieving
this understanding, the creation of quantities through quantitative measurements, or rather through quantifying experiments,
is a key process. The present article introduces a didactical reconstruction for understanding the construction of the meaning
of physical quantities from a network point of view, where the quantities are part of networks and the quantifying experiments
build up these networks. As a practical example, we discuss how the quantity temperature is constructed in an instructional
unit designed for student teachers and what the learning outcomes are. 相似文献
9.
Ismo Koponen Maija Nousiainen 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2013,11(2):325-357
Good conceptual understanding of physics is based on understanding what the key concepts are and how they are related. This kind of understanding is especially important for physics teachers in planning how and in what order to introduce concepts in teaching; connections which tie concepts to each other give direction of progress—there is “flux of information” so that what was learned before provides the basis for learning new ideas. In this study, we discuss how such ordering of concepts can be made visible by using concept maps and how they can be used in analysing the students’ views and ideas about the inherent logic of the teaching plans. The approach discussed here is informed by the recent cognitively oriented ideas of knowledge organisation concentrating on simple knowledge organisation patterns and how they form the basis of more complex concept networks. The analysis of such concept networks is then very naturally based on the use of network theory on analysing the concept maps. The results show that even in well-connected maps, there can be abrupt changes in the information flux in the way knowledge is passed from the initial levels to the final levels. This suggests that handling the information content is very demanding and perhaps a very difficult skill for a pre-service teacher to master. 相似文献
10.
Models and Modelling in Physics Education: A Critical Re-analysis of Philosophical Underpinnings and Suggestions for Revisions 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Ismo Tapio Koponen 《Science & Education》2007,16(7-8):751-773
The model-based view (MBV) of science education, which strives for authenticity in science teaching, is currently seeking
support from the philosophical positions related to the Semantic View of Theories (SVT). These recent advances are promising
steps towards establishing a robust philosophical framework, but they need revision in so far as they are meant to apply to
physics and physics education. It is suggested here that in physics education, attention needs to be guided to the notion
of the empirical reliability of models and modelling, and to the methodological question of how empirical reliability is established in the process of making a match between theory and experiment. The suggested picture – intended for the purposes of physics teacher education – replaces the current more limited philosophical
frameworks used in science education with one of a wider scope. Moreover, the revised philosophical background gives a more
authentic picture of physics as science, and the modelling activity within it, than the other current stances in the science
education. 相似文献