排序方式： 共有14条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
秦仁昌 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1964,9(1):31-36
The fern genus Diplaziopsis C. Chr. of Index Filicum has long been considered as
a monotypic one, with the sole species, D. javanica (B1.) C. Chr. from tropical Asia. In
1906, H. Christ described a second species, Allantodia cavaleriana Christ (=D. cavale-
riana C. Chr.) from Kweichow, West China, but this was since not fully recognized by
fern students in general, being often considered as a variety of the first species. This
is certainly a mistake, as is shown by ample herbarium specimens today. In the recent
work on the genus, the writer has found among the herbarium material two additional
new species from China, thus bringing the genus up to four species in Asia, mainly from
China, where, as it is, the genus has its center of development from the long past.
Phylogenetically, Diplaziopsis C. Chr. represents one of the offshoots from the great
stock of diplazioid ferns, of which the genus Diplazium Sw. constitutes the main body
of the group and from which our genus differs chiefly in its leaves of a thin texture with
reticulated venation, but not so much in its type of indusium as it has generally been
emphasized by most botanists in the past, for, as it is, the type of indusium in Di-
plaziopsis also prevails in many species of Diplazium, for which C. B. Clarke (Trans.
Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. I:495, 1880) created, but really superfluously, a subgenus Pseudal-
lantodia, about which the writer will dwell in another paper in the near future. Suffice
it to say here that the indusium in Diplaziopsis as revealed by the species treated here
is, indeed, typical of diplazioid ferns, only often, as it happens, with its adaxial edge
pressed so tight under the expanding sorus that it is unable to open freely along its upper
free edge and, as a result, its thin vaulted back bursts open from the pressure of the ex-
panding sorus underneath.
As a result of the present study, following four species of the genus have been re-
cognized.
Diplaziopsis javanica (B1.) C. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 227.
Wide spread in tropical Asia, northwardly to Bakbo and the southern part of Yun-
nan, China.
D. cavaleriana (Christ) C. Chr. Ind. Fil. Suppl. I (1913) 25.
Ranges from West China through northern part of Fukien of East China to Japan.
D. intermedia Ching, sp. nov.
Endemic in West China: Mt. Omei, Szechuan, and Kweichow.
D. hainanensis Ching, sp. nov.
In conclusion, it may be pointed out that with the modern plant taxonomy pursued
in a more efficient manner than in the past, and especially by the introduction of the
cytotaxonomic methods, the so-called “monotypic genera”, as conceived by the orthodox
systematists, will continue to prove, to a great extent, to be lack of enough scientific
ground. The fact that the “monotypic genus” of Diplaziopsis C. Chr. is now found to
be a genus of four well-defined species is once again an instance to illustrate the pointat issue. 相似文献
2.
The present paper aims at clarifying the identity of Asplenium varians Wall. and its related species for the forthcoming Flora of China vol. 4. Wide-spread in the northern, north-western and south-western parts of China and adjacent regions and growing in exposed rock crevices is the group of ferns in question, which has hi-
therto been taxonomically confused in the botanical literature. Many distinct and related species were previously identified as Aspl. varians, a most wide-spread fern with very variable fronds which may vary from 10 to 30 cm in height and from simply pinnate to fully bipinnate in the degree of pinnation in a single clump under different habitats. 相似文献
3.
4.
The present paper is the Supplement 2 to the Flora of Xizang, based upon
a collection in 1980 by Mr. W. L. Chen et al. from Mêdog, the south-eastern part of
Xizang. In the paper 11 new species are desribed and 10 new-record species are repor-
ted. All the type specimens are kept in the Herbarium of the Institure of Botany,
Academia Sinica (PE). 相似文献
5.
The fern Athyrium crenulato-serrulatum Makino is found in the whole of
Northeastern Asia embracing Northeastern China, Korea, Japan, Ussuri and the Far
East USSR. It is similar to the European Athyrium distentifolium, formerly known
as A. alpestre, in having exindusiate round or ovate sori, but differs in several
essential characters, such as the well-spaced fronds are biseriately arranged along a
thick and long-creeping rhizome, the base of stipe is thickened and not attenuated to-
wards the point of attachment, the deltoid-ovate lamina with the basal pinnae as long
as those next above, which all are distinctly petiolate and the rachis, costis and espe-
cially the costules of pinnules clad in fine pale-colored generally septate hairs under-
neath. All these clearly show that the fern in question is not an Athyrium sen. str.
neither Pseudoathyrium Newman to which latter the fern was referred by Nakai.
However, we have been long suspicious of its proper systematic position. In his recent
monograph on the genus Cornopteris (Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 30: 104. 1979.) Kato
has pointed out that C.crenulato-serrulata (Makino) Nakai “has the northernmost
destribution in the genus and exhibits a few characteristics similar to Athyrium, the
swollen base of stipes with projections and cartilaginous lamina margin. By these
characteristics the species is clearly discriminated from other species”. According to
Kurita (1964), Mitui (1970) and Karo (1978) the species in question has chromosome
numbers n=40, the base number of the subfamily Athyrioides instead of x=41, the
base number of the subfamily Diplazioides including Cornopteris Nakai. Since thefern in question fits no other athyrid genera, hence a new genus is proposed. 相似文献
6.
秦仁昌 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1964,9(1):37-40
A new fern genus, Chieniopteris Ching, based upon Woodwardia harlandii Hook.
from South China, is here proposed. Its systematic position seems to be apparently inter-
mediate between Lorinseria Presl of the east North America and Woodwardia Sm. of
the Old World, from the former the genus is distinguished by its upland habitat, by the
uniform fronds of chartaceous or rather subcoriaceous texture with straw-colored stipe
and rachis of the leaves; from the latter by the long creeping rhizome with distant
fronds, by the simple trilobed or generally simply pinnate lamina with a few pairs of
entire or sometimes irregularly lobated lateral pinnae, which are connected at the base
by a narrow wing on each side of the rachis, by the superficial and longer sori and by
the veins anastomosing between the sori and the leaf margin.
While describing the plant as a Woodwardia, Hooker properly noted that it is very
distinct from the oriental Woodwardia japonica (Linn. fil.) Sm. and W. prolifera Hook.
Later Baker transferred Hooker's species under Woodwardia sect. Lorinseria in Synopsis
Filicum in a juxtaposition with Woodwardia areolata (Linn.) Moore, the type of the
genus Lorinseria Presl. It is J. Smith, who referred the southern Chinese plant to Lorin-
seria Presl, with which it is somewhat similar in habit, but differs in characters diagnosed
above, besides a distinct habitat and geographic area.
The new genus is now represented by two species, C. harlandii (Hook.) Ching and
C. kempii (Cop.) Ching, all indigenous in South China, extending southwardly to the
northern part of Vietnam and eastwardly to the islands of southern Japan.
The new genus is named after professor S. S. Chien, director of the Institute of
Botany, Academia Sinica, and president of the Botanical Society of China, to celebratehis 80th. birthday last year. 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
10.
Angiopteris sparsisora Ching, sp. nov.
Species nova ab omnibus affinibus adhuc cognitis recedit rhizomate repente, dorsi-
ventrali, habitu minore stipite tenui, levi, paleis brunneis lineari-lanceolatis margine
irregulariter fimbriatis peltati-fixis, pinnulis basi cuneatis vel late cuneatis, distincte
breviterque petiolulatis, soris longitudine variis, inter se separatis a margine magis re-
motis, paraphysibus rudimentalibus brevibus sparse praesentibus.
Tota planta 1—1.2 m alata, rhizomate repente, carnoso, cylindrico, dorsiventrali, 5—
6 cm diametro, radicoso, apice frondes 2—3 emittente, stipite 35—70 cm longo, 4—8 mm
crasso, levi viridi, supra medium uni-geniculato (in frondibus pinnatis usque subbipin-
natis), paleis brunneis lineari-lanceolatis basi rotunda peltati-fixis margine varie fimb-
riatis sparse vestito; lamina stipite longiore, bipinnata aut subb ipinnata raro superne
simpliciter pinnata; pinnis 2—3(—7)-jugis, ,alternis vel suboppositis, oblongis, 45—
55 cm longis, 18—23 cm latis, petiolo 4—16 cm longo suffultis, basi tumidis, pinnatis vel
interdum simplicibus vel basi pinnatifidis; pinnulis plerumque 8—12-jugis, alternis vel
suboppositis, patentibus, 8—18 cm longis, medio 1.5—3cm latis, lanceolatis, acuminatis,
basin versus cuneatis vel late cuneatis, breviter petiolatis, pinnula terminali confomi
paulo majore, petiolulata, hasi baud in alas decurrente, margine serrulatis; venis utrin-
quo distinctis, patentibus, simplicibus vel furcatis, prope marginem curvatis; pagina
frondis textura in sicco virescente, chartacea, rachi, costis, costulis venisque subtus
sparsim minuteque paleaceis. Soris breviter linearibus, 2—4 mm longis, 10—32-spo-
rangiatis, inter se separatis, a margine 2—3 mm, remotis; paraphysibus sparsis brevibusrudimentalibus. Sporis globulosis, suparficie dense tubuculatis.
Yunnan austro-orientalis: Xichou Xian, Fadou, S. K. Wu 4203 (typus, PE), 4198,
8, October, 1962; ibidem, Z. R. Wang 566-1, 566-2, 566-3, 566-4, 566-5, 15, January,
1978; ibidem V. M. Chu 8212, 15, January, 1978. in valley under evergreen broad-
leaved forests, alt. 1500—1550m.
In the tropical rain forest in southeastern Yunnan, China, the members of Angiopte-
ris Hoffm. and Archangiopteris Christ et Gies. are often growing side by side in great
abundance. In January 1978 the second writer made a botantical trip there and col-
lected in one locality ample herbarium material of an Angiopteris, which is identical
with A. sparsisora Ching (ined.), based upon type specimens gathered by Mr. S. K. Wu
from the same locality in 1962. To our great surprise, however, this distinct taxon
reveals a number of important morphological characteristics intermediate between An-
giopteris and Archangiopteris as diagnosed above.
The present species resembles Archangiopteris in small build with creeping dorsi-
ventral rhizome, unigeniculate, thin, smooth stipe in pinnate to bipinnatifid fronds, spa-
ringly clad in linear-lanceolate peltately affixed scales with variously fimbriate margin,
lamina 1—2 pinnate or subbipinnate, pinnules distinctly and shortly stipitate, base
cuneate or broadly cuneate, sori of different length separated from each other by broad
spaces, and rather far away (2—3 mm) from the margin, paraphyses few, rudimentary
and short, but, on the other hand, it also similar to Angiopteris in usually bipinnate
fronds, the petiole of pinnae with swollen base (blackish upon drying), short (2—4 mm
long) linear sori consisting of 5—16 pairs of sporangia and globulax spores with densely
tubucular sporoderms. All the above characteristics combined clearly indicate the spe-
cies is in all likelihood a natural hybrid between Angiopteris and Archangiopteris,
pending cytological investigation and the reason for presently placing it in Angiopteris
rather than in Archangiopteris is because of the fact that in overall impression the newtaxon appears more like the former than the latter. 相似文献