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C. Aaron Price Katherine Gean Claire G. Christensen Elham Beheshti Bryn Pernot Gloria Segovia Halcyon Person Steven Beasley Patricia Ward 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2016,25(1):111-126
Casual games are everywhere. People play them throughout life to pass the time, to engage in social interactions, and to learn. However, their simplicity and use in distraction-heavy environments can attenuate their potential for learning. This experimental study explored the effects playing an online, casual game has on awareness of human biological systems. Two hundred and forty-two children were given pretests at a Museum and posttests at home after playing either a treatment or control game. Also, 41 children were interviewed to explore deeper meanings behind the test results. Results show modest improvement in scientific attitudes, ability to identify human biological systems and in the children’s ability to describe how those systems work together in real-world scenarios. Interviews reveal that children drew upon their prior school learning as they played the game. Also, on the surface they perceived the game as mainly entertainment but were easily able to discern learning outcomes when prompted. Implications for the design of casual games and how they can be used to enhance transfer of knowledge from the classroom to everyday life are discussed. 相似文献
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Data-driven Subspace Predictive Control (SPC) is an advanced model-free process control strategy in the presence of system constraints. Efficient implementation of SPC requires appropriate tuning of the controller horizons, which are called Prediction Horizon and Control Horizon. This tuning is a critical step to guarantee the SPC closed-loop stability and to enhance the closed-loop performance and robustness. In this paper we propose an optimal tuning method for unconstrained SPC, which can guarantee stability, computational efficiency and optimality of the unconstrained SPC closed-loop system and is applicable to non-minimum phase open-loop stable or marginally stable systems. Derivation of general form of closed-loop transfer function for unconstrained SPC, and providing a necessary and sufficient condition of the closed-loop stability is the primary contribution of this work. In addition, the stability analysis enabled us to propose an algorithm to determine the shortest-feasible-prediction-horizon and the feasible range of prediction horizon. Consequently, these results are used in proposing a new algorithm to determine the SPC horizons in optimal manner. Simulation results illustrate effectiveness and importance of our proposed stability analysis and horizons tuning algorithm for unconstrained SPC. 相似文献
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Andrew Large Jamshid Beheshti Alain Breuleux 《Library & information science research》1998,20(4):343-376
Three multimedia CD-ROMs were placed in two grade-six classrooms for the duration of a class project. The 53 students, working in small groups, were free to search them during designated class periods. Sample sessions at the workstations were captured along with a recording of the searchers' voices. The retrieved information was incorporated by each group into a written assignment, an oral class presentation, and a three-dimensional model. The search strategies were analyzed using a case study methodology. The content of the CD-ROMs and the students' work were analyzed to identify from which sources the students had drawn their information. The students were able to cope effectively with the physical manipulation of the three different CD-ROM interfaces, although they found certain features easier than others. Constructing effective search strategies was more difficult, and relatively little use was made of the searching in contrast to the browsing facilities. Students demonstrated an ability to extract selectively information and to evaluate sources in terms of usefulness as well as enjoyment and ease of use. Class assignments may have to be redesigned if the full capabilities offered by multimedia instructional products are to be fully exploited. 相似文献
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Shahnaz TorkZahrani Faculty member of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences 《The Journal of perinatal education》2008,17(3):51-54
With regard to childbirth, the role of every health-care system is to improve maternity care as well as the birth experience of women and their family members. Despite many efforts to improve maternity care in the Islamic Republic of Iran, the nation's childbirth care still faces a tremendous amount of unnecessary intervention and, consequently, a high rate of cesarean births. This article describes the strengths and weaknesses of Iran's maternity-care system and childbirth education in light of evidence-based practice. 相似文献
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John E. Leide Andrew Large Jamshid Beheshti Martin Brooks Charles Cole 《Information processing & management》2003,39(6):923-940
In this article and two other articles which conceptualize a future stage of the research program (Leide, Cole, Large, & Beheshti, submitted for publication; Cole, Leide, Large, Beheshti, & Brooks, in preparation), we map-out a domain novice user’s encounter with an IR system from beginning to end so that appropriate classification-based visualization schemes can be inserted into the encounter process. This article describes the visualization of a navigation classification scheme only. The navigation classification scheme uses the metaphor of a ship and ship’s navigator traveling through charted (but unknown to the user) waters, guided by a series of lighthouses. The lighthouses contain mediation interfaces linking the user to the information store through agents created for each. The user’s agent is the cognitive model the user has of the information space, which the system encourages to evolve via interaction with the system’s agent. The system’s agent is an evolving classification scheme created by professional indexers to represent the structure of the information store. We propose a more systematic, multidimensional approach to creating evolving classification/indexing schemes, based on where the user is and what she is trying to do at that moment during the search session. 相似文献
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David?WeintropEmail author Elham?Beheshti Michael?Horn Kai?Orton Kemi?Jona Laura?Trouille Uri?Wilensky 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2016,25(1):127-147
Science and mathematics are becoming computational endeavors. This fact is reflected in the recently released Next Generation Science Standards and the decision to include “computational thinking” as a core scientific practice. With this addition, and the increased presence of computation in mathematics and scientific contexts, a new urgency has come to the challenge of defining computational thinking and providing a theoretical grounding for what form it should take in school science and mathematics classrooms. This paper presents a response to this challenge by proposing a definition of computational thinking for mathematics and science in the form of a taxonomy consisting of four main categories: data practices, modeling and simulation practices, computational problem solving practices, and systems thinking practices. In formulating this taxonomy, we draw on the existing computational thinking literature, interviews with mathematicians and scientists, and exemplary computational thinking instructional materials. This work was undertaken as part of a larger effort to infuse computational thinking into high school science and mathematics curricular materials. In this paper, we argue for the approach of embedding computational thinking in mathematics and science contexts, present the taxonomy, and discuss how we envision the taxonomy being used to bring current educational efforts in line with the increasingly computational nature of modern science and mathematics. 相似文献
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The purpose of this second article on the use of library documents by undergraduate students is to determine the use of the books during every day of the loan period. Student volunteers employed structured diaries to record the time they spent browsing/reading borrowed library books during a two month period. The results show that for a particular university, the average time spent browsing/reading a book is about fifty minutes per user per day. The average total contact time per book during the retention period is 131 minutes, and hence the major portion of use occurs during two days of the loan period. The frequency distribution of contact times belong to a double parameter gamma distribution family. The results also substantiate the outcome of the previous cross-sectional study. 相似文献
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Mohammad Allahbakhsh Haleh Amintoosi Behshid Behkamal Amin Beheshti Elisa Bertino 《Journal of Informetrics》2021,15(2):101127
In collaborative content generation (CCG), such as publishing scientific articles, a group of contributors collaboratively generates artifacts available through a venue. The main concern in such systems is the quality. A remarkable range of research considers quality metrics partially when dealing with the quality of artifacts, contributors, and venues. However, such approaches have several drawbacks. One of the most notable ones is that they are not comprehensive in terms of the metrics to evaluate all entities, including artifacts, contributors, and venues. Also, they are vulnerable to potential attacks.In this paper, we propose a novel iterative definition in which the quality of artifacts, collaborators, and venues are defined interconnectedly. In our framework, the quality of an artifact is defined based on the quality of its contributors, venue, references, and citations. The quality of a contributor is defined based on the quality of his artifacts, collaborators, and the venues. Quality of a venue is defined based on both quality of artifacts and contributors. We propose a data model, formulations, and an algorithm for the proposed approach. We also compare the robustness of our approach against malicious manipulations with two well-known related approaches. The comparison results show the superiority of our method over other related approaches. 相似文献
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