The Unintentional Effects on Body Donation Programs of a Competency-Based Curriculum in Postgraduate Medical Education     

Geoffroy P.J.C. Noël  Joseph Dubé  Gabriel Venne 《Anatomical sciences education》2021,14(5):675-681

As medical programs place increasing importance on competency-based training and surgical simulations for residents, anatomy laboratories, and body donation programs find themselves in a position of adapting to changing demands. To better assess the demand for “life-like” cadaveric specimens and evaluate the possible impacts that competency-based medical education could have upon the body donation program of McGill University, Canada, the authors tracked, over the course of the last 10 years, the number of soft-embalmed specimens, along with the number of teaching sessions and the residents enrolled in competency-based programs that are using cadaveric material. The results reveal that the number of soft-embalmed specimens used within residency training increased from 5 in 2009 to 35 in 2019, representing an increase from 6% of bodies to 36.5% of the total number of body donors embalmed in this institution. Correspondingly, the number of annual teaching sessions for residents increased from 19 in 2012 to 116 in 2019. These increases in teaching are correlated with increasing number of residents enrolled in competency-based programs over the last 3 years (Pearson r ranging from 0.9705 to 0.9903, and R² ranging from 0.9418 to 0.9808). Those results suggest that the new skill-centered curricula which require residents to perform specific tasks within realistic settings, exhibit a growing demand for “life-like” cadaveric specimens. Institutions’ body donation programs must, therefore, adapt to those greater need for cadaveric specimens, which presents many challenges, ranging from the logistical to the ethical.  相似文献   

Validity and reliability of a linear positional transducer across commonly practised resistance training exercises     

Harry F. Dorrell  Joseph M. Moore  Mark F. Smith  Thomas I. Gee 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(1):67-73

This study investigated the validity and reliability of the GymAware PowerTool (GPT). Thirteen resistance trained participants completed three visits, consisting of three repetitions of free-weight back squat, bench press, deadlift (80% one repetition maximum), and countermovement jump. Bar displacement, peak and mean velocity, peak and mean force, and jump height were calculated using the GPT, a three-dimensional motion capture system (Motion Analysis Corporation; 150 Hz), and a force plate (Kistler; 1500 Hz). Least products regression were used to compare agreeability between devices. A within-trial one-way ANOVA, typical error (TE; %), and smallest worthwhile change (SWC) were used to assess reliability. Regression analysis resulted in R² values of >0.85 for all variables excluding deadlift mean velocity (R² = 0.54–0.69). Significant differences were observed between visits 3-2 for bench press bar displacement (0.395 ± 0.055 m; 0.383 ± 0.053 m), and deadlift bar displacement (0.557 ± 0.034 m; 0.568 ± 0.034 m). No other significant differences were found. Low to moderate TE (0.6–8.8%) were found for all variables, with SWC ranging 1.7–7.4%. The data provides evidence that the GPT can be used to measure kinetic and kinematic outputs, however, care should be taken when monitoring deadlift performance.  相似文献   

Book review     

Joseph Agassi 《Science & Education》1996,5(1):69-77

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Detoxication mechanisms.The metabolism of drugs and allied organic compounds: by R. Tecwyn Williams. 288 pages, 14 × 22 cm. New York,John Wiley & Sons,Inc., 1948. Price, $5.50     

Henry N. Michael 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1948,245(6):528

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Particle-size distribution in powder metallurgy     

Henry B. Allen 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1948,245(6):517-520

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Chemisch-technische vorschriften: By Otto Lange,Technical High School,Munich. Third edition,enlarged and thoroughly revised,Vol. 2, Fasern,Massen und Schichten. xix-806 pages, 8vo. Leipzig,Otto Spamer, 1923. Price $8.35 net     

Henry Leffmann 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1923,196(6):844-845

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The electron in chemistry     

Joseph John Thomson 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1923,195(6):737-785

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Physikalisches handwörterbuch: By Arnold Berliner and Karl Scheel. vi-903 pages,with 573 illustrations,large 8vo. Berlin,Julius Springer, 1924. Price, $9.30     

Henry Leffmann 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1925,199(2):283-285

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Assessing School Readiness: Validity and Bias in Preschool and Kindergarten Teachers' Ratings     

Andrew J. Mashburn  Gary T. Henry 《Educational Measurement》2004,23(4):16-30

As a part of efforts to evaluate and monitor the increasing public investment in early childhood education, teachers are being asked to assess children's school readiness. In this study, preschool teachers and kindergarten teachers rated children's skills in three areas (kindergarten readiness, academic skills, and communication skills), and these ratings were compared with direct assessments of the children's skills. Ratings by both groups of teachers tended to be more highly related to basic skills, such as counting and number naming, than to abilities such as solving applied problems and using expressive and receptive vocabulary. Preschool teachers' ratings had a lower association with children's observed skills and abilities than kindergarten teachers' ratings. Ratings of children attending Head Start were systematically inflated, but this relationship was mediated to a significant extent by the teachers' levels of education. More educated teachers rated children in a manner consistent with the children's directly assessed skills. Implications of these findings for informing future efforts to assess school readiness by using teacher ratings are discussed.  相似文献   

Coordination variability and skill development in expert triple jumpers   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Wilson C  Simpson SE  van Emmerik RE  Hamill J 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2008,7(1):2-9

The aim of this study was to examine the influence of skill of expert triple jumpers on the coordination variability of lower extremity intra-limb couplings. In contrast to the traditional motor learning perspective, we hypothesized that as skill and thus performance increases, movement coordination variability will also increase. Three-dimensional kinematic and ground reaction force data were collected during the hop-step transition phase of the triple jump. Relative motion plots and a modified vector coding technique were used to quantify the coordination variability across the trials. The results were consistent with a U-shaped curve, representing coordination variability, as skill increases. The high coordination variability in less skilled athletes is present while the appropriate characteristics defining the movement coordination patterns are acquired. This coordination variability may not be beneficial to performance. As the refinement of these characteristics is achieved, coordination variability decreases, resulting in a more consistent or regulated performance. In the final stages of developing a skilled performance, a functional variability is accessed that brings flexibility to the system allowing it to cope with perturbations. This study highlights the need to address the learning effect when analysing coordination variability from a dynamical systems perspective.  相似文献