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Meindert Flikkema Paul Jansen Lidewey Van Der Sluis 《中国青年科技》2007,(11):F0003-F0003
创新是一项复杂的过程并具有多面性。在众多以创新与生产率之间联系为主题的研究中，由于数据限制，往往只采用单一指标来测度创新。本文对这种方式提出了质疑，认为这种研究方法可能会系统地偏向于某类经常通过参与创新活动以达到各种商业目的的公司或产业。为了更好地测度创新，本文介绍了一种创新索引，即以潜变量模型为基础的含有多项创新指标的线性指标组合。这一尝试得到加拿大制造业公司的大量微观数据组合的支持。 相似文献
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This paper describes thereanalysis of data obtained in 1987 on themental calculation strategies used by asample of 11-year-olds
in the course of anational survey of schools in England,Wales and Northern Ireland. The mentalskills test was administered
to pupils in aone-to-one situation and the reanalysismade use of classifications of mentalstrategies developed in the past
decade ininternational research. These pupils werea subsample of the main sample of about 10000 who took a written test of
mathematicsin the survey, 247 taking both tests. Thescores on the written test were used todistribute these pupils into three
bands ofattainment in order to compare thefrequency and effectiveness of thestrategies used by pupils of differentlevels of
attainment. Eight of thereanalysed questions are discussed, each ofthem involving one of the four basicarithmetic operations.
Some are purelynumerical and in others the numbers are ina context. Top band pupils mostly preferredsequential strategies
which leave one ofthe numbers in the calculation complete,while the Bottom band generally preferredto split complete numbers
and operateseparately on the components of the numbersthus partitioned. The most popularstrategy for Middle band pupils in
severalquestions was the standard algorithm usedmentally. Complete number strategies werethe most successful for pupils in
all threebands. Possible implications for theNational Numeracy Strategy in Britain arediscussed.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Julia Anghileri Meindert Beishuizen Kees van Putten 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2002,49(2):149-170
This paper explores written calculation methods for division used by pupils in England (n = 276) and the Netherlands (n = 259) at two points in the same school year. Informal strategies are analysed and progression identified towards more structured procedures that result from different teaching approaches. Comparison of the methods used by year 5 (Group 6) pupils in the two countries shows greater success in the Dutch approach, which is based on careful progression from informal strategies to more structured and efficient procedures. This success is particularly not able for the girls in the sample. For the English pupils, whose written solutions largely involved the traditional algorithm, the discontinuity between the formal computation procedure and informal solution strategies presents difficulties.This revised version was published online in September 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Meindert Beishuizen Kees van Putten 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》1990,21(2):95-105
In 1986/87 and 1987/88 Dutch educational television broadcast a long series on mental arithmetic for the upper grades of the primary school. This study compares off-air videotape use under two conditions: (1) active use with video stops for interactive teaching, and (2) passive, uninterrupted viewing. Learning results in the active condition were better than in the passive condition. However, in a follow-up study those positive results were not confirmed, due to changing teaching styles in the active condition, and due to certain design faults in the programmes. Outcomes of both studies are interpreted as (1) providing evidence for the potential effects of interactive use of educational videotapes at classroom level, and as (2) underlining the necessity of well-considered didactic design of educational programmes for such new instructional purposes. 相似文献
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Meindert Flikkema Carolina Castaldi Ard-Pieter de Man Marcel Seip 《Research Policy》2019,48(6):1340-1353
The use of trademark data in innovation studies is still limited because as yet no guidelines exist to ascertain which trademarks relate to innovation. This paper proposes that a branding strategy approach may help to identify innovation related trademarks. Companies use distinctive branding strategies for innovation and these branding strategies have important consequences for the design of new trademarks and their application scope. Based on a sample of Benelux and Community trademarks, we find that trademarks for brand creation relate more often to product innovation. In addition, we find negative effects of a trademark’s industry scope on its relatedness to product innovation, and of a trademark’s geographic scope on its relatedness to service innovation. Our findings bear several key implications for further research towards identifying innovation-related trademarks from a branding strategy perspective. 相似文献
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