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Rick Caulfield 《Early Childhood Education Journal》1996,24(1):55-58
Summary Social and emotional development begins from the moment of birth. Remarkably, infants are able to engage with their social
world, particularly their parents and family. They start to establish a secure attachment with their primary caregivers who
provide not only nurturance but guidance. A sense of security facilitates infants' exploration of their physical and social
world. They demonstrate selective preferences—they prefer to look at faces and listen to voices—that reflect their genetically
programmed disposition. Infants are able to express their emotions and recognize the emotional expressions of others. The
development of basic human attributes emerge in the first few weeks and months of life. Caring, loving adults play such a
critical role in providing learning opportunities to interact with others and express their emotions in an appropriate manner.
Adults shape the quality of experiences that infants encounter and provide the basic building blocks of trust that support
further development later in life. 相似文献
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Daniel Kelly Garrett F. Coughlan Brian S. Green Brian Caulfield 《Sports Engineering》2012,15(2):81-92
Elite rugby union teams currently employ the latest technology to monitor and evaluate the physical demands of training and games on their players. Tackling has been shown to be the most common cause of injury in rugby union, yet current player monitoring technology does not effectively evaluate player tackling measurements. Currently, to evaluate measurements specific to player tackles, a time-consuming manual analysis of player sensor data and video footage is required. The purpose of this work is to investigate tackle modeling techniques which can be utilised to automatically detect player tackles and collisions using sensing technology already being used by elite international and club level rugby union teams. This paper discusses issues relevant to automatic tackle analysis, describes a technique to detect tackles using sensing data and validates the technique by comparing automatically detected collisions to manually labeled collisions using data from elite club and international level players. The results of the validation show that the system is able to consistently identify collisions with very few false positives and false negatives, achieving a recall and precision rating of 0.933 and 0.958, respectively. The aim is that the automatically detected tackles can provide coaching, medical and strength and conditioning staff with objective tackle-specific measurements, in real time, which can be used in injury prevention and rehabilitation strategies. 相似文献
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Dr. Rick Caulfield 《Early Childhood Education Journal》1995,23(1):3-8
Infants interact reciprocally with their caregivers from the moment of birth. The actions of one affect the other in a manner
that resembles an intricate dance. The article proposes a sociocultural model of reciprocity that focuses on the interdependent
relationship between infants and their caregivers. Relevant variables include the age, sex, developmental history, and behavioral
style of the infant and the caregiver's knowledge of infants' development, level of experience and education, disciplinary
style, and temperament. Further, the influence of families and cultural expectations on caregiving practices are discussed
within the framework of the model. After a review of the literature, selected activities are suggested to promote infants'
interaction with their social world. 相似文献
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We examined the psychological effects of rapid weight loss among a sample of 41 professional jockeys (mean age 30.9 years, s = 7.0). Participants completed the Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) and the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) to establish the relationships between rapid weight loss, mood, and attitudes towards eating. These instruments were administered on three occasions: at the jockeys' minimal weight (achieved through rapid weight loss), their optimal riding weight (when they were not excessively restricting their weight and felt healthy), and their relaxed weight (when there were no forthcoming light rides or no rides at all). It was hypothesized that when riding at minimal weight, jockeys would record a more negative mood profile compared with scores recorded at optimal or relaxed weights. The same trend was expected for eating attitudes. These hypotheses were supported as jockeys reported significantly more negative mood profiles and eating attitudes at minimal weight. The EAT-26 scores indicated the presence of disordered attitudes towards eating at this weight. These results suggest that jockeys' endeavours to reach the minimum weight limit stipulated by governing bodies are likely to jeopardize their psychological well-being. Dialogue surrounding the appropriateness of current weight regulations is therefore encouraged. 相似文献
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Stuart Caulfield Kirsty A. McDonald Brian Dawson Sarah M. Stearne Ben A. Green Jonas Rubenson 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(15):1485-1490
This study examined the haemolytic effects of an interval-based running task in fore-foot and rear-foot striking runners. Nineteen male distance runners (10 fore-foot, 9 rear-foot) completed 8 × 3 min repeats at 90% vVO2peak on a motorised treadmill. Pre- and post-exercise venous blood samples were analysed for serum haptoglobin to quantify the haemolytic response to running. Vertical ground reaction forces were also captured via a force plate beneath the treadmill belt. Haptoglobin levels were significantly decreased following exercise (P = 0.001) in both groups (but not between groups), suggesting that the running task created a haemolytic stress. The ground reaction force data showed strong effect sizes for a greater peak force (d = 1.20) and impulse (d = 1.37) in fore-foot runners, and a greater rate of force development (d = 2.74) in rear-foot runners. The lack of difference in haptoglobin response between groups may be explained by the trend for fore-foot runners to experience greater peak force and impulse during the stance phase of their running gait, potentially negating any impact of the greater rate of force development occurring from the rear-foot runners’ heel strike. Neither type of runner (fore-foot or rear-foot) appears more susceptible to technique-related foot-strike haemolysis. 相似文献