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The present study examines the role of orthographic complexity on Italian children’s word reading. Two experiments are reported
in which elementary school children (3rd and 5th graders) read aloud words containing simple or contextual letter-sound conversion
rules. In Experiment 1, both groups of participants read words containing contextual rules more slowly and less accurately
than words containing simple, non-contextual rules. Experiment 2 showed that the effect of rule complexity held for low but
not high frequency words, on both reading speed and accuracy. No interactions with grade were found. This pattern is in line
with previous findings on the effects of rule contextuality on adult performance [Burani, C. Barca, L. & Ellis, A. W. (2006).
Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 13, 346–352]. Despite the regularity of the Italian orthography, the presence of complex rules influences both reading speed
and accuracy of young readers. Moreover, the reading system of readers of a shallow orthography seems efficient from the first
years of reading instruction. 相似文献
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The reading skills of a girl with Williams Syndrome are assessed by a timed word-naming task. To test the efficiency of lexical
and nonlexical reading, we considered four marker effects: Lexicality (better reading of words than nonwords), frequency (better
reading of high than low frequency words), length (better reading of short than long words), and contextuality (better reading
of words with one-to-one grapheme-to-phoneme mapping than words with context-sensitive graphemes). Results suggested that
this girl has failed to develop efficient orthography-to-phonology mappings and is dependent upon a lexical-semantic reading
procedure in which a word’s pronunciation is activated after its meaning is obtained. 相似文献
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Between 1939 and 1959, the regime led by General Franco pursued a policy of economic self-sufficiency. This policy inflicted great injury on Spanish science and industry, not least in Catalonia, and in its capital, Barcelona. In response, Catalan industry looked to a future made more promising by the advent of nuclear power. This paper describes the innovative role of an industrial body, the Official Chamber of Industry of Barcelona, in catalyzing one the first programmes of teaching and research in nuclear engineering in Spain. 相似文献
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Forever Barca 《当代体育》2008,(24):74-74
虽然如今2008—09赛季早就已经开始了，但作为信虫的活动时期还没算正式开始，因为西班牙的黄金回信期一般都是在圣诞节后的，所以我展示下我的2007-08赛季西班牙中皇马和巴萨的收获，希望给大家带来西班牙那里的一些讯息。皇家马德里： 相似文献
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Forever Barca 《当代体育》2008,(18):52-52
中国现在的信虫数目越来越多，而且呈不断增长的趋势。无数的信虫在入门时都会遇到这样那样的问题，而又不是每个信虫身边都会有老虫为他们指点迷津。虽然我算不上什么老资格的信虫，但我也算过来人。于是我就决定写下这个系列的文章，来为大家解决一些问题。 相似文献
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