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ABSTRACTNo study has investigated secular changes in both total steps and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) among Japanese children. This study examined the secular changes of total steps and MVPA among fourth-grade students in Japan in 2003/2004 and 2016/2017. It was performed at a school in Okayama Prefecture in Japan. A total of 452 participants (226 boys and 226 girls; mean age, 9.6 ± 0.5 years) participated in the study. We measured total steps and MVPA of the participants by using the same methods in 2003/2004 and 2016/2017. An uniaxial accelerometer was used to measure total steps and MVPA. On weekdays and weekends, the total steps and MVPA were lowered by approximately 1,000–3,000 steps/day and 10 min/day, respectively, in boys and by 1,000 steps/day and 5 min/day, respectively, in girls in 2016/2017 in comparison to 2003/2004. In both boys and girls, the percentage of children meeting 60 minutes/day of MVPA decreased in 2016/2017(weekdays: boys 21.8%, girls 6.0%; weekends: boys 3.8%, girls 4.1%) compared with 2003/2004 (weekdays: boys 48.2%, girls 11.6%; weekends: boys 7.8%, girls 7.6%). In conclusion, the results demonstrated that total steps and MVPA of fourth-grade students in Japan were lower in 2016/2017 than in 2003/2004. 相似文献
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Minoru Kishida 《International Information and Library Review》2013,45(1):7-8
AbstractThis article outlines several significant features of reading in Russia today. First the change of the cultural hierarchy is addressed: no longer is the reading of the classics a status symbol, indicating the reader’s adherence to traditional norms of culture. The classics have been abandoned as readers unashamedly pursue light entertainment in the form of detective stories, romances, etc. Second, there has emerged a new system of cultural organization as a result of the collapse of central state direction. So far these new forms of organization have proven totally inadequate: much of publishing is beyond the reach of both bibliographic control mechanisms and libraries, which are gradually ceasing to function as sites where high culture is consumed. 相似文献
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Toshiaki Shirai Hideo Shimomura Tomotsugu Kawasaki Tomoko Adachi Yosuke Wakamatsu 《International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance》2013,13(2):95-114
We clarify how individuals actively interact with socio-cultural contexts to attain regular employment in Japan. Based on a large sample (N = 3,512) of part-time employed and unemployed college graduates (23–39 years old), we found that: Career decision making self-efficacy predicted job search; a lack of both hope and fulfillment motivated job search, while having hope promoted it; wishing for perfect vocation and being free from both inclination towards personal interests and passivity motivated job search. Clients’ desire for “a perfect vocation,” should not necessarily be considered as a career barrier but, perhaps, rather as an asset for motivating job search. Counselors should seek to better understand the influence of clients’ socio-cultural contexts on their career attitudes. 相似文献
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Minoru Nakayama Maomi Ueno 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2009,57(2):271-285
To examine trends in educational practice research, this article conducted a survey and analysis of factors affecting the
review of research papers in the field of the educational technology in Japan. Two factors, namely, practical orientation
and theoretical orientation, were extracted from 63 survey responses, and scores from members of a Japanese academic society
were compared with the scores of its editorial board. Results show that the two factor scores were not correlated to each
other, and they are independent measures for any evaluation or review of research articles. Also, there was no significant
difference between society members and editorial board members, i.e., their preferences when reviewing research papers were
identical. For the second part of this study, a group composed of anonymous members of an editorial board conducted a paper
review of 12 published “practical papers” and 11 published “general papers.” Results indicated that there was no significant
difference between the two categories. The final rating scores of these 23 papers were analyzed using a decision-tree rating
model. Results also indicated that for publication, papers need to contribute to theoretical research, in addition to contributing
to basic educational practice research in educational technology. 相似文献
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Frequent requests from users to search engines on the World Wide Web are to search for information about people using personal names. Current search engines only return sets of documents containing the name queried, but, as several people usually share a personal name, the resulting sets often contain documents relevant to several people. It is necessary to disambiguate people in these result sets in order to to help users find the person of interest more readily. In the task of name disambiguation, effective measurement of similarities in the documents is a crucial step towards the final disambiguation. We propose a new method that uses web directories as a knowledge base to find common contexts in documents and uses the common contexts measure to determine document similarities. Experiments, conducted on documents mentioning real people on the web, together with several famous web directory structures, suggest that there are significant advantages in using web directories to disambiguate people compared with other conventional methods. 相似文献
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Joughin Gordon Bearman Margaret Boud David Lockyer Joan Adachi Chie 《Higher Education》2022,84(4):827-844
Higher Education - The joint development and delivery of co-branded programmes across universities and countries promises enhanced visibility for partnering institutions, stimulating synergistic... 相似文献
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Roya Samanipour Hamed Tahmooressi Hojatollah Rezaei Nejad Minoru Hirano Su-Royn Shin Mina Hoorfar 《Biomicrofluidics》2022,16(1)
Modern neuroscience increasingly relies on 3D models to study neural circuitry, nerve regeneration, and neural disease. Several different biofabrication approaches have been explored to create 3D neural tissue model structures. Among them, 3D bioprinting has shown to have great potential to emerge as a high-throughput/high precision biofabrication strategy that can address the growing need for 3D neural models. Here, we have reviewed the design principles for neural tissue engineering. The main challenge to adapt printing technologies for biofabrication of neural tissue models is the development of neural bioink, i.e., a biomaterial with printability and gelation properties and also suitable for neural tissue culture. This review shines light on a vast range of biomaterials as well as the fundamentals of 3D neural tissue printing. Also, advances in 3D bioprinting technologies are reviewed especially for bioprinted neural models. Finally, the techniques used to evaluate the fabricated 2D and 3D neural models are discussed and compared in terms of feasibility and functionality. 相似文献