Humanitas Emptor: Reconsidering Recent Trends and Policy in Science Teacher Education     

Dana L. Zeidler  Benjamin C. Herman  Michael P. Clough  Joanne K. Olson  Sami Kahn  Mark Newton 《Journal of Science Teacher Education》2016,27(5):465-476

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ENGAGING SCIENCE: PRE-SERVICE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS�� NOTIONS OF ENGAGING SCIENCE LESSONS     

Douglas P. Newton  Lynn D. Newton 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2011,9(2):327-345

If children are engaged in science lessons, their learning is likely to be better and, in the long term, careers in science and technology will remain open. Given that attitudes can develop early and be difficult to change, it is important for teachers of younger children to know how to foster engagement in science. This study identified what a cohort of 79 pre-service teachers in England considered to be engaging elementary science lessons and compared their notions with teacher behaviours known to be conducive to engagement. First, all brought beliefs about how to engage children in science lessons to their training. They tended to favour children’s hands-on activity as an effective means of fostering attentive participation in learning, although many had additional ideas. Nevertheless, the means and ends of their ‘pedagogies of engagement’ tended to be simple and narrow. Trainers need to ensure that notions of engagement are wide enough to cope with a variety of teaching situations, as when hands-on experience is not feasible, effective or appropriate. At the same time, teachers will need to recognise that one approach may not suit all learners. Without this, there is the risk that they will lack the skills to engage children in science. Nevertheless, these beliefs could offer a useful starting point for trainers who wish to widen pre-service teachers’ conceptions of engagement and increase their repertoire of teaching behaviours.  相似文献   

Mathematical Flexibility: Aspects of a Continuum and the Role of Prior Knowledge     

Kristie J. Newton  Karin Lange  Julie L. Booth 《Journal of Experimental Education》2020,88(4):503-515

Abstract

Psychologists and mathematics educators have long viewed flexibility as critical to students’ mathematical development. In this paper, we focused on the multidimensional nature of flexibility to better understand how preference, knowledge, and use of effective methods for solving algebra problems are related. In Study 1, we identified research-based aspects of flexibility with algebra and assessed students on them following a two-step equations unit. Results indicated that certain aspects of flexibility develop prior to others and that prior knowledge of algebra plays a significant role in that development. Study 2 confirmed and elaborated on these results using a larger sample size. Implications for theory and for supporting flexibility in classrooms are discussed.  相似文献   

Publishing perspectives from the British Ecological Society: Partnership,community, collaboration,and innovation     

Emilie Aim  Erika L. Newton  Catherine Hill 《Learned Publishing》2020,33(1):52-56

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Interaction of wrestling shoe and competition surface: effects on coefficient of friction with implications for injury   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Newton R  Doan B  Meese M  Conroy B  Black K  Sebstianelli W  Kramer W 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2002,1(2):157-166

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a significant difference in the co-efficient of friction (Fc) between old versus new wrestling shoes and mats and to investigate the effect of perspiration. Fc was measured by dragging a weighted shoe over a wrestling mat surface and measuring the vertical and horizontal forces produced. Three different shoe conditions were assessed over two mat types for both wet and dry conditions for a total of 12 conditions. To simulate the wet condition, saline solution was smeared over the surface of the mat. There was a significant effect of shoe, mat, and wet/dry conditions. In addition, significant interactions of shoe by mat, shoe by dry/wet, and mat by dry/wet were observed. Overall, Fc was 36% higher for the new wrestling mat compared to the old wrestling mat. Application of the saline solution reduced Fc by 14% compared to the dry condition. Comparison of the mean Fc for all three shoe types revealed the Fc for the older design shoe was 23% to 28% lower than the brand new shoe and the worn newer design, respectively. A high Fc, such as in the new mat/new shoe combination, has the potential to increase the risk of knee and ankle injuries by fixing the foot more securely to the ground.  相似文献   

Global exact tracking for uncertain MIMO linear systems by output feedback sliding mode control     

Eduardo V.L. Nunes  Alessandro J. Peixoto  Tiago Roux Oliveira  Liu Hsu 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2014

This paper presents a solution to the problem of global exact output tracking for uncertain MIMO (multiple-input–multiple-output) linear plants with non-uniform arbitrary relative degree using output feedback sliding mode control. The key idea to overcome the relative degree obstacle is to generalize our previous hybrid estimation scheme to a multivariable version by combining, through switching, a standard linear lead filter with a non-linear one based on robust exact differentiators, achieving uniform global exponential practical stability and exact tracking.  相似文献   

Effects of curricular activity on students' situational motivation and physical activity levels     

Gao Z  Hannon JC  Newton M  Huang C 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2011,82(3):536-544

The purpose of this study was to examine (a) the effects of three curricular activities on students'situational motivation (intrinsic motivation [IM], identified regulation [IR], external regulation, and amotivation [AM]) and physical activity (PA) levels, and (b) the predictive strength of situational motivation to PA levels. Four hundred twelve students in grades 7-9 participated in three activities (cardiovascular fitness, ultimate football, and Dance Dance Revolution [DDR]) in physical education. ActiGraph GT1M accelerometers were used to measure students' PA levels for three classes for each activity. Students also completed a Situational Motivation Scale (Guay, Vallerand, & Blanchard, 2000) at the end of each class. Multivariate analysis of variance revealed that students spent significantly higher percentages of time in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) in fitness and football classes than they did in DDR class. Students reported higher lM and IR toward fitness than DDR They also scored higher in IR toward fitness than football. In contrast, students displayed significantly lower AM toward fitness than football and DDR Hierarchical Linear Modeling revealed that IM was the only positive predictor for time in MVPA (p = .02), whereas AM was the negative predictor (p < .01). The findings are discussed in regard to the implications for educational practice.  相似文献   

面向中华古籍阅读推广与文化传播的VR系统模型构建与实现     

张宁  Miguel Baptista Nunes  李俊炀  张伟波 《图书情报工作》2021,65(13):12-24

[目的/意义] 旨在借助VR媒介技术,克服或弱化普通读者在古籍阅读中存在的古籍获取不便和古汉语理解、专业知识、特定文化背景知识、阅读动力不足的问题,促进古籍阅读推广与文化传播。[方法/过程] 利用文献调研方法分析梳理认知科学和教育技术领域相关理论,提出VR古籍系统设计原则与模型,基于单个案例分析,设计、开发、测试系统原型,最后利用实验方法以问卷方式收集评估数据,验证设计原则、模型的有用性。[结果/结论] 研究成果包括VR古籍系统设计原则、VR古籍系统理论模型、首例VR古籍系统应用原型、VR古籍系统使用理论,可为后续从事VR古籍系统研究与设计的科研人员和设计人员借鉴使用。  相似文献   

Language development     

Dianne Newton 《Early Childhood Education Journal》1983,11(1):45-45

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Independence and obedience in the United States and Japan     

Elizabeth B. Buck  Babrara J. Newton  Yasuko Muramatsu 《Int J Intercult Relat》1984,8(3):279-300

Are some Americans and Japanese beginning to think more similarly about independence and obedience? Middle-class adult respondents from the suburbs of Chicago and Tokyo (U.S.: 43 males and 54 females: Japan: 71 males and 80 females) were surveyed about their sex-role values. This report focuses on two values which have been recognised as constituting fundamental differences between Japanese and Americans: personal independence and obedience. The survey used a metric multidimensional scaling technique called Galileo^®. Analyses of the data and results of other comparative studies suggest that any convergence taking place between the two societies is occurring primarily within American society. There is growing evidence, including the findings of this study, that Americans are moving away from their traditional stress on the importance of the individual in society. The Japanese respondents did show a more liberal conceptualization of the ideal woman with respect to obedience, however, there was no indication that this less traditional image of women extended to their other traditional roles in society.  相似文献