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1.
Chiara Meneghetti Barbara Carretti Rossana De Beni 《Learning and individual differences》2006,16(4):291-301
The aim of this study was to understand whether the reading comprehension process is better explained by a single or by multiple factors. 184 students (9 to 13 years old) were presented with a recently devised battery of tests, that measure ten aspects of reading comprehension. Structural equation modelling showed that a two factors model better accounts for the data compared to a one or a three factors model. Results confirmed the hypothesis which distinguishes between ‘basic’ and ‘complex’ aspects of reading comprehension. The second goal of the study was to analyze the relationship between the two-components model and scholastic achievement. Our results highlighted that the more ‘complex’ aspects of reading comprehension, reflecting some metacognitive knowledge and control processes, are the better predictors of scholastic achievement. 相似文献
2.
Chiara Meneghetti Valrie Gyselinck Francesca Pazzaglia Rossana De Beni 《Learning and individual differences》2009,19(4):577-589
The present study investigates the relation between spatial ability and visuo-spatial and verbal working memory in spatial text processing. In two experiments, participants listened to a spatial text (Experiments 1 and 2) and a non-spatial text (Experiment 1), at the same time performing a spatial or a verbal concurrent task, or no secondary task. To understand how individuals who differ in spatial ability process spatial text during dual task performance, spatial individual differences were analyzed. The tasks administered were the Vandenberg and Kuse [Vandenberg, S. G., & Kuse, A. R. (1978). Mental rotation, a group test of three-dimensional spatial visualization. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 47, 599-604.] mental rotation test (MRT) and a reading comprehension task (RCT). Individuals with high (HMR) and low (LMR) mental rotation differed in MRT scores but had similar RCT performance. Results showed that the HMR group, in contrast with LMR counterparts, preserved good spatial text recall even when a spatial concurrent task was performed; however, Experiment 2 revealed a modification of spatial concurrent task performance in LMR as well in HMR group. Overall, results suggest that HMR individuals have more spatial resources than LMR individuals, allowing them to compensate for spatial working memory interference, but only to a limited extent, given that the processing of spatial information is still mediated by VSWM. 相似文献
3.
Barbara Carretti Erika Borella Cesare Cornoldi Rossana De Beni 《Learning and individual differences》2009,19(2):246-251
It is well established that working memory is related to reading comprehension ability. However, its role in explaining specific reading comprehension difficulties is still under debate: the issue mainly concerns whether the contribution of working memory is dependent on task modality (verbal tasks being more predictive than visuo-spatial tasks) and/or on the attentional control implied in working memory tasks (tasks requiring storage/manipulation being more predictive than storage-only tasks, regardless of task modality). Meta-analysis is used here to examine the relevance of several working memory measures in distinguishing between the performance of poor and good comprehenders in relation to the modality of the working memory task, and the involvement of controlled attention required by such a task. Our results demonstrate that memory tasks that are demanding in terms of attentional control and that require verbal information processing are best at distinguishing between poor and good comprehenders, suggesting that both domain-specific factors as well as general factors of working memory contribute to reading comprehension performance. The implications for different models of working memory in relation to reading comprehension are discussed. 相似文献
4.
Rossana Bisceglia Michal Perlman Diana Schaack Jennifer Jenkins 《Early childhood research quarterly》2009,24(2):121-132
The psychometric properties of the Infant–Toddler Environment Rating Scale-Revised Edition (ITERS-R) were examined using 153 classrooms from child-care centers where resources were tied to center performance. An exploratory factor analysis revealed that the scale measures one global aspect of quality. To decrease redundancy, subsets of items were selected randomly and by experts who rated items according to ease of administration and importance to quality. The shorter subsets demonstrated good discriminant validity, adequate to good psychometric properties, and high associations to the full ITERS-R score. They also demonstrated similar associations to staff education and staff-to-child ratio, as the full instrument. The best assessment of quality was demonstrated by the shortened subset that included items that assess both structural and process features of quality. Multilevel-analyses indicated that classrooms from the same providers score more similarly on ITERS-R than classrooms from other providers. The implications for using the ITERS-R in high-stakes contexts are discussed. 相似文献
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6.
Chiara Meneghetti Rossana De Beni 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2010,25(3):325-343
In the present study, we propose a model describing how motivational beliefs and strategies influence study performance of students at three different school levels: elementary (age 8-10), middle (11-14), and first year high school (15). Participants were administered the AMOS 8-15 instrument (Cornoldi et al. 2005) designed for measuring the influence of motivational beliefs and strategies on recall task performance. Results of multigroup analysis confirmed the relations proposed in our model between motivational beliefs and strategies for all three groups, the largest difference being in how these aspects influenced performance on recall tasks: in elementary and middle school, motivational beliefs have direct influence on performance, whereas in high school they influence performance through strategy use. 相似文献
7.
Cristiane Teixeira Amaral Camargo Rossana Anelice Gomez-Campos Marco Antonio Cossio-Bolaños Vinicius Justino De Oliveira Barbeta Miguel Arruda 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(19):1790-1796
AbstractThe aim was to analyse the physical growth and body composition of rhythmic gymnastics athletes relative to their level of somatic maturation. This was a cross-sectional study of 136 athletes on 23 teams from Brazil. Mass, standing height and sitting height were measured. Fat-free and fat masses, body fat percentages and ages of the predicted peak height velocity (PHV) were calculated. The z scores for mass were negative during all ages according to both WHO and Brazilian references, and that for standing height were also negative for all ages according to WHO reference but only until 12 years old according to Brazilian reference. The mean age of the predicted PHV was 12.1 years. The mean mass, standing and sitting heights, body fat percentage, fat-free mass and fat mass increased significantly until 4 to 5 years after the age of the PHV. Menarche was reached in only 26% of these athletes and mean age was 13.2 years. The mass was below the national reference standards, and the standing height was below only for the international reference, but they also had late recovery of mass and standing height during puberty. In conclusion, these athletes had a potential to gain mass and standing height several years after PHV, indicating late maturation. 相似文献
8.
Valérie Gyselinck Chiara Meneghetti Rossana De Beni Francesca Pazzaglia 《Learning and individual differences》2009,19(1):12-20
This study investigated the construction of a spatial model in relation to working memory (WM) and visuospatial abilities. Participants were trained to use either imagery or verbal strategies to process route spatial texts. Results obtained on a free recall task, a verification test and a graphic representation task showed the beneficial effect of using a strategy based on mental images. When imagery strategies were used, a concurrent articulatory task produced interference effects on recall performance, and a spatial tapping task also impaired performance as compared to the control condition. These interference effects suggest that both visuospatial and verbal WM were involved in construction of the spatial model. When repetition strategies were used, however, only the articulatory task produced interference effects, highlighting the role of the verbal WM. To elucidate how the involvement of the visuospatial component may differ in relation to visuospatial abilities, participants with good or poor ability in generation of visual images and spatial manipulation of objects were compared. The benefit of the imagery strategy was found in both groups, but whereas low-visuospatial imagery participants were sensitive to spatial interference, their high ability counterparts were not. These results question the role of imagery processes in the construction of spatial models and their relation to the visuospatial WM. 相似文献
9.
Rossana Falcade Colette Laborde Maria Alessandra Mariotti 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2007,66(3):317-333
Assuming that dynamic features of Dynamic Geometry Software may provide a basic representation of both variation and functional
dependency, and taking the Vygotskian perspective of semiotic mediation, a teaching experiment was designed with the aim of
introducing students to the idea of function. This paper focuses on the use of the Trace tool and its potentialities for constructing
the meaning of function. In particular, starting from a dynamic approach aimed at grounding the meaning of function in the
experience of covariation, the Trace tool can be used to introduce the twofold meaning of trajectory, at the same time global
and pointwise, and leads students to grasp the notion of function. 相似文献
10.
Terezinha Nunes Peter Bryant Deborah Evans Daniel Bell Rossana Barros 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2012,79(3):371-388
The basis of this intervention study is a distinction between numerical calculus and relational calculus. The former refers
to numerical calculations and the latter to the analysis of the quantitative relations in mathematical problems. The inverse
relation between addition and subtraction is relevant to both kinds of calculus, but so far research on improving children’s
understanding and use of the principle of inversion through interventions has only been applied to the solving of a + b − b = ?
sums. The main aim of the intervention described in this article was to study the effects of teaching children about the explicit
use of inversion as part of the relational calculus needed to solve inverse addition and subtraction problems using a calculator.
The study showed that children taught about relational calculus differed significantly from those who were taught numerical
procedures, and also that effects of the intervention were stronger when children were taught about relational calculus with
mixtures of indirect and direct word problems than when these two types of problem were given to them in separate blocks. 相似文献