INTENSE MINORITIES AND THE PATTERN OF PUBLIC OPINION     

Gilljam  Mikael; Granberg  Donald 《Int. Journal of Public Opinion Research》1995,7(3):199-210

Data from seven Swedish Election Studies were analyzed to testthree hypotheses about aggregate public opinion. Various facetsof public opinion, including a balance measure of direction,five measures of intensity, percentage don't know, and percentageneutral, were found to be highly stable across time. In mostinstances, the majority was more intense than the minority.Changes in public opinion could not be predicted from the relativeintensity of the majority and the minority in the election threeyears before.  相似文献   

The voice of the pupils: an experimental comparison of decisions made by elected pupil councils, pupils in referenda, and teaching staff     

Mikael Gilljam  Peter Esaiasson  Torun Lindholm 《Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability》2010,22(1):73-88

This article tests whether the form of decision-making used in school environments affects pupils’ views on the legitimacy of the decisions made, and of the decision-making procedure. Building on political science theory on democratic decision-making, it compares pupils’ reactions towards decisions made by pupil councils, by pupils via referendum, and by the teaching staff. The data come from a series of randomized scenario-style experiments in which participants (Swedish pupils involved in upper secondary education) were exposed to a questionnaire describing a decision-making situation. The results show that the form of decision-making used matters for pupils’ acceptance of the decision-making procedure, but not necessarily for their willingness to accept the outcome of decisions. Pupil referenda in particular were effective in creating procedural legitimacy.  相似文献