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Objective
The present study was designed to determine whether parents at high risk for physical child abuse, in comparison with parents at low risk, show deficits in emotion recognition, as well as to examine the moderator effect of gender and stress on the relationship between risk for physical child abuse and emotion recognition.Methods
Based on their scores on the Abuse Scale of the CAP Inventory (Milner, 1986), 64 parents at high risk (24 fathers and 40 mothers) and 80 parents at low risk (40 fathers and 40 mothers) for physical child abuse were selected. The Subtle Expression Training Tool/Micro Expression Training Tool ( [Ekman, 2004a] and [Ekman, 2004b]) and the Diagnostic Analysis of Nonverbal Accuracy II (Nowicki & Carton, 1993) were used to assess emotion recognition.Results
As expected, parents at high risk, in contrast to parents at low risk, showed deficits in emotion recognition. However, differences between high- and low-risk participants were observed only for fathers, but not for mothers. Whereas fathers at high risk for physical child abuse made more errors than mothers at high risk, no differences between mothers at low risk and fathers at low risk were found. No interaction between stress, gender, and risk status was observed for errors in emotion recognition.Conclusions and practice implications
The present findings, if confirmed with physical abusers, could be helpful to further our understanding of deficits in processing information of physically abusive parents and to develop treatment strategies specifically focused on emotion recognition. Moreover, if gender differences can be confirmed, the findings could be helpful to develop specific treatment programs for abusive fathers. 相似文献2.
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Terryl Joan Anderson 《Educational theory》1977,27(4):283-290
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Michael R. Simonson Roger Aegerter Timothy Berry Terryl Kloock Robert Stone 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》1987,35(1):31-41
Conclusions A fundamental assumption of the research presented above was that attitude change is an important concern of the educator,
and that if attitudes are important, information on how attitudes might be formed or changed with media is needed. Four studies
were conducted to examine the use of media to deliver persuasive messages. The results of the four studies presented in this
article tended to support the following conclusions. First, attitudes toward educationally relevant topics, such as conservation,
smoking, and disabled persons, can be modified by using persuasive messages delivered by media. Next, it appeared that some
types of media may be more effective than others at delivering information designed to change attitudes. Motion pictures seem
to be more effective than slides. There also seems to be sufficient evidence to warrant further investigation into the relationship
between the content of persuasive messages, the media used to deliver those messages, and the learning styles of the target
audience. In short, attitudes can be modified by mediated messages, and the degree of modification may be related to the characteristics
of the students who view the message and to the way the message is mediated. 相似文献
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The information literacy (IL) needs of people in the fourth age, a stage of increasing dependence and disability, have not been considered in the research literature. Based on the premise that there are relationships between information seeking and IL, this article begins to bridge this gap by focusing on the information-seeking behavior of the group in an attempt to identify IL needs. It does this through a literature review, particularly drawing on two pieces of human information behavior research, one a new study focused specifically on the group in question. It also examines existing definitions of IL in order to gauge how relevant they appear to be. The reasons for studying this group include that all stages of a person's lifespan deserve to be studied and that the population size of this group increases dramatically in the developed world. Although information needs and sources used are fewer in the fourth age, they are still important to the people involved, thus making IL a relevant concept. The researchers draw implications for IL from the particularities of the information context where disability and frailty impede purposeful information seeking. The resulting emphasis on incidental information acquisition increases the role for social networks and communication, again with implications for IL. Information grounds, where people congregate for purposes other than information sharing, including artificially created ones, will also be important for information dissemination. The role of the Internet, including assistive technology for its use, is also relevant. The conclusion is that IL is crucial to the well-being of people in the fourth age but that existing definitions need to be adjusted to the specific informational context. 相似文献
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