Connecting inside out: Development of the social brain in infants and toddlers with a focus on myelination as a marker of brain maturation     

Nora Schneider  Elizabeth Greenstreet  Sean C. L. Deoni 《Child development》2022,93(2):359-371

Early childhood is a sensitive period for learning and social skill development. The maturation of cerebral regions underlying social processing lays the foundation for later social-emotional competence. This study explored myelin changes in social brain regions and their association with changes in parent-rated social-emotional development in a cohort of 129 children (64 females, 0–36 months, 77 White). Results reveal a steep increase in myelination throughout the social brain in the first 3 years of life that is significantly associated with social-emotional development scores. These findings add knowledge to the emerging picture of social brain development by describing neural underpinnings of human social behavior. They can contribute to identifying age-/stage-appropriate early life factors in this developmental domain.  相似文献   

Does modality matter? A latent profile and transition analysis of sedentary behaviours among school-aged youth: The UP&DOWN study     

David Sánchez-Oliva  Rebecca M. Leech  Alberto Grao-Cruces  Irene Esteban-Cornejo  Carmen Padilla-Moledo  Oscar L. Veiga 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(9):1062-1069

ABSTRACT

The aims of this study were to identify profiles of sedentary behaviour (SB) patterns, based on leisure-time self-reported SB modalities (screen, educative, social, and relaxing) and to evaluate changes in these profiles over 2 years among Spanish youth aged 8–18 years. Latent profile analysis (LPA), a data-driven analytic approach, was used to identify groups of boys and girls (n = 1553; 48% girls; mean±SD age: 12.56 ± 2.49 y) with distinct SB profiles using the SB modalities (time/d) as input variables. Latent transition analysis, an extension of LPA that uses longitudinal data, was used to analyse 2-year changes in these profiles. At baseline, four and three SB profiles were found among boys (labelled: screen, educative, social, and relaxing) and girls (labelled: screen/social, educative, and relaxing), respectively. Overall, more girls (range: 48%-67%) had the same profile over time, than boys (40%-52%). Participants with a screen or relaxing SB profile at baseline were more likely to have an educative profile after 2 years. Youth with a social and an educative SB profile at baseline were more likely to transition to profiles characterized by higher screen and social SB, respectively. Using a novel and person-centered approach, this study identified gender-specific SB profiles that were moderately stable over time.  相似文献   

‘Just stick to the science’ is not enough     

Peterson  Erik L. 《Metascience》2019,28(1):147-150

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Digital Module 16: Longitudinal Data Analysis     

Jeffrey R. Harring  Tessa L. Johnson 《Educational Measurement》2020,39(3):137-138

In this digital ITEMS module, Dr. Jeffrey Harring and Ms. Tessa Johnson introduce the linear mixed effects (LME) model as a flexible general framework for simultaneously modeling continuous repeated measures data with a scientifically defensible function that adequately summarizes both individual change as well as the average response. The module begins with a nontechnical overview of longitudinal data analyses drawing distinctions with cross-sectional analyses in terms of research questions to be addressed. Nuances of longitudinal designs, timing of measurements, and the real possibility of missing data are then discussed. The three interconnected components of the LME model—(1) a model for individual and mean response profiles, (2) a model to characterize the covariation among the time-specific residuals, and (3) a set of models that summarize the extent that individual coefficients vary—are discussed in the context of the set of activities comprising an analysis. Finally, they demonstrate how to estimate the linear mixed effects model within an open-source environment (R). The digital module contains sample R code, diagnostic quiz questions, hands-on activities in R, curated resources, and a glossary.  相似文献   

多旋翼无人机微多普勒特性分析与特征提取     

马娇  董勇伟  李原  李凌霄  杨杰芳 《中国科学院大学学报》2019,36(2):235-243

针对多旋翼无人机目标的识别问题，提出一种基于伽柏（Gabor）变换的瞬时频率估计与快速傅里叶变换（FFT）相结合的微多普勒特征提取算法。首先建立多旋翼无人机旋翼回波模型，并通过仿真分析叶片数目、旋翼转速和初始相位等参数对微多普勒特征的影响，利用Gabor变换得到时频特征。在此基础上通过瞬时频率极大值法提取微多普勒频率，并对瞬时频率采用FFT提取旋翼数和转动频率，从而获得叶片长度估计值。实测数据验证了该算法较为准确地提取无人机的微多普勒参数。  相似文献   

多自由度刚性杆系静平衡计算     

沈健  董达善 《上海海事大学学报》2003,24(2):146-149

介绍了多自由度刚性杆系静平衡的分析计算。通过调整初始设计中杆件的长度来优化系统。这对于大型起重机前大梁拉杆系统以及一些相关系统的设计优化有一定的实际参考及应用价值  相似文献   

《普通高等学校图书馆规程(修订)》学习体会     

那春光  董颖  刁云霞 《大学图书情报学刊》2003,21(2):19-21

论述了学习《普通高等学校图书馆规程(修订)》的体会，分析了(普通高等学校图书馆规程(修订)》对新形势下高校图书馆数字化献资源建设和服务、特色建设和资源共享、“学科馆员”的培养、网络建设和献信息传递的强调和重视。  相似文献   

全面认识建立健全社会保障体系的现实意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

董庆茹 《濮阳职业技术学院学报》2005,18(3):55-56

社会保障是现代国家最重要的社会经济制度之一。建立健全与经济发展水平相适应的社会保障体系．不仅是经济社会协调发展的必然要求，也是社会稳定和国家长治久安的重要保证。  相似文献   

对近25年来中外体育概念研究的比较   总被引：20，自引：2，他引：18  

董杰 《体育与科学》2001,22(2):31-35

本文对中外近25年体育概念的研究进行了回顾与比较,将中外体育概念研究分为3个阶段.在不同的研究阶段,先后确立了体育是教育的组成部分,体育是文化的组成部分,人的发展与社会需要在体育中具有高度的一致性,从中发现体育的内涵不断扩大,人,成为体育概念研究的主体.值得借鉴的是,国外在对体育概念进行研究时,非常注重历史继承性和批判性,界定研究范围,具体情况具体对待,同时注意玩、游戏、娱乐、体育、竞技、运动和工作等之间的相互关系.  相似文献   

Barriers to teaching profession for hearing-impaired adults     

R D Moulton  L Roth  J Tao 《American annals of the deaf》1987,132(6):372-375

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