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1.
Michael Friedrich Otte 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2011,77(2-3):313-329
One of the most salient arguments in favor of a semiotic approach, put forward on various occasions among others by Luis Radford, claims that semiotics is most appropriate to treat the interaction between socio-cultural and objective aspects of knowledge problems. But if we want to take such claims seriously, we have to undertake revisions of our basic conceptions about reality, existence, cognition, and cultural development. The semiotic evolutionary realism of Charles S. Peirce provides, or so it appears, an appropriate basis to such intentions. Man is a sign, Peirce had famously said, and ??thought is more without us than within. It is we that are in it, rather than it in any of us?? (Peirce CP 8.256). And as there is no thought without a sign, we have to accept thoughts, concepts, theories, or works of art as realities sui generis. Concepts or theories have to be recognized as real before we can ask for their meaning or relevance. This was the problem that concerned critics and protagonists of the New Math Reform of the 1960s and 1970s of the twentieth century, like Thom or Bruner. 相似文献
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3.
Fabian W. Otte Sarah-Kate Millar Stefanie Klatt 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(11-12):1465-1473
ABSTRACT The football goalkeeper position arguably represents a unique role within the team sport. Despite its highly complex skill demands, research on football goalkeeping has only sporadically examined the position within isolated and limited parameters. In particular, there is limited literature on “modern” skill acquisition training methods and approaches within the field of goalkeeper training. In a cross-cultural study with fifteen expert goalkeeper coaches, researchers here examined the overarching research question of “how does the modern football goalkeeper train?”. Semi-structured interviews explored expert coaches’ views on critical skills for performance in goalkeeping and the training approaches used to develop these critical skills. Results indicate that four skill sets are considered essential by goalkeeper coaches, these are: decision-making skills, athleticism, mentality, and technical skills. In terms of developing these skills in goalkeeper-specific training, the majority of expert coaches apply a similar microstructure to training sessions. This structure involves a steady progression from simple to complex training tasks, where for large parts, isolated technical training appears to be prioritised over a holistic training approach that integrates technical skills and perceptual-cognitive components (e.g., decision making). Scientific and practical recommendations for researchers and practitioners in the field of football goalkeeper coaching are provided. 相似文献
4.
M. Otte 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2003,53(3):203-228
Niels Bohr's term‘complementarity' has been used by several authors to capture the essential aspects of the cognitive and
epistemological development of scientific and mathematical concepts. In this paper we will conceive of complementarity in
terms of the dual notions of extension and intension of mathematical terms. A complementarist approach is induced by the impossibility
to define mathematical reality independently from cognitive activity itself. R. Thom, in his lecture to the Exeter International
Congress on Mathematics Education in 1972,stated ‘‘the real problem which confronts mathematics teaching is not that of rigor,but
the problem of the development of‘meaning’, of the ‘existence' of mathematical objects'. Student's insistence on absolute
‘meaning questions’, however,becomes highly counter-productive in some cases and leads to the drying up of all creativity.
Mathematics is, first of all,an activity, which, since Cantor and Hilbert, has increasingly liberated itself from metaphysical
and ontological agendas. Perhaps more than any other practice,mathematical practice requires acomplementarist approach, if
its dynamics and meaning are to be properly understood. The paper has four parts. In the first two parts we present some illustrations
of the cognitive implications of complementarity. In the third part, drawing on Boutroux' profound analysis, we try to provide
an historical explanation of complementarity in mathematics. In the final part we show how this phenomenon interferes with
the endeavor to explain the notion of number.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
5.
Michael Otte 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2007,66(2):243-255
History of mathematics occupies itself describing processes of growth and development, whereas philosophy of mathematics is
concerned with questions of justification. Both play an essential role within the educational context. But there is a problem
because genuine historical studies necessitate ever greater particularity whereas mathematics and philosophy require generality
and abstraction. The paper offers some methodological reflections about these matters together with two case studies from
nineteenth century history of arithmetic and integration theory, respectively, which try to strike a balance between the directly
opposed requirements. 相似文献
6.
Creativity 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
The habit of our culture has always been to suppose that intelligence resides in some separated crystalline element, call it consciousness, apprehension, insight, gestalt, or what you will, but this is merely to confound naming the problem with solving it (Minsky). 相似文献
7.
The paradox of mathematical knowledge that mathematics cannot be conceived of as completely separated from empirical experience and yet cannot be explained by empiricist epistemology (for a slightly different and more elaborate formulation cf. Blackwell Companion to Epistemology, 270f), can only be resolved if one accepts that the causal interactions between knower and environment have themselves a generalizing tendency, a sort of continuity, rather than consisting just of singular events. Kant resolves the schism between the continous and the distinct in a constructivist manner. He assumes that all our knowledge-extending cognitions are synthetic. This synthesis does not lie in the matter of experience but springs from the function of cognizant consciousness. Piaget adhered to a Kantianism where the categories are not there at the outset. He conceives of the subject as constructing itself as well as of the emerging subject's structure as the source of the apprehension of the wo rld and believes in a Kantianism which emphasizes man's active being and potential for unlimited self-development. But he has no use for the Kantian idea of space and time as forms of mathematical intuition.Kantian thought is also central to Peirce's philosophy and conception of mathematics. But Peirce emphasizes the role of perception and analysis as its prerequisites. Peirce's and Piaget's origins in Kantianism are exhibited when both try to replace the Aristotelian notion of abstraction and generalization by something more suitable for mathematical epistemology. Peirce proposes that hypostatic abstraction is the chief explanation for the power of mathematical reasoning and explains: This operation is performed when something, that one has thought about any subject, is itself made a subject of thought. Piaget speaks of reflective abstraction in this context, making it the basis of mathematical knowledge; but separating it completely from empirical abstraction. 相似文献
8.
Gerhard W. Lauth T. Alian Otte Bernd G. Heubeck 《Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties》2013,18(2):117-126
Modern evaluations of parent training programmes seek evidence not only of efficacy in optimal, often university clinic settings, but also of effectiveness under normal field conditions. The Kompetenztraining für Eltern sozial auffälliger Kinder (KES) is a cognitive–behavioural competence training for parents of socially disruptive children. This study tried to complement the investigation of its efficacy by exploring its effectiveness under field conditions. Staff at 14 child guidance centres conducted the training with 88 parents (63.6% mothers; mean age 37.2 years). Effectiveness was assessed by comparing problem behaviour in the child and stress in the family (German versions of Home Situations Questionnaire and Parenting Stress Index) before and after training. Results showed mild to moderate declines in child behaviour problems and moodiness, as well as doubts in the parent role, and stronger effects in more versus less stressed families. Qualitative feedback from the trainers after running the programme was positive. It is concluded that the KES is a sufficiently promising parent training to justify further and more rigorous investigation under field conditions. 相似文献
9.
Christoph Randler Peter Wüst-Ackermann Viola Otte im Kampe Inga H. Meyer-Ahrens Benjamin J. Tempel Christian Vollmer 《Research in Science Education》2015,45(5):647-661
Emotions influence motivation and achievement, but negative emotions have rarely been assessed in science education. In this study, we assessed the influence of two different expressive writing assignments on disgust and anxiety in university students prior to the dissection of a trout. We randomly assigned students to one of two expressive writing tasks and measured specific state disgust and state anxiety after writing and after the dissection. Specific state disgust was measured a third time after 3 weeks. One writing task was concerned with the dissection, and the other was related to behavioral experiments with mice. We used two general linear models with repeated measures. In the first model, specific state disgust (pre, post, and follow-up) was used as the dependent repeated measure and experimental group as the independent variable. In the second model, state anxiety was used as the dependent repeated measure (pre, post) with experimental group as the independent variable. The repeated testing showed a highly significant effect of experimental group on the repeated measures of disgust. Writing about worries and emotions concerning the dissection leads to higher disgust scores compared to writing about mice. These higher scores persisted even 3 weeks later in the follow-up test. Concerning anxiety, there was a clear influence of the repeated measure of state anxiety, but anxiety was not influenced by the experimental group. We suggest that positive writing should be used in educational contexts to reduce disgust. 相似文献
10.
Michael Otte 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2006,61(1-2):11-38
Learning is better than knowing, generalization is more illuminating than abstract generality or universality because we perceive
and thus become conscious of change or development only. Signs and representations establish the dialectic of fixation on
the one hand and transformation on the other, which is so essential to learning and cognition. Mathematical epistemology from
a semiotic point of view therefore is above all a genetical epistemology. All real mathematical activity is concerned with
representations of mathematical entities rather than with things in themselves and with the processes of continuous transformation
of a given representation into others.
This paper tries to give an overview of the essential relationships between activity theory, epistemology and mathematical
education, using the semiotics of Charles S. Peirce as a unifying reference. It is certainly beyond the scope of such a paper
to spell out all the questions involved in every detail. Much of what is said in the four short sections to follow is calling
for further concretization and research. 相似文献