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Joel O. Iverson - Joel O. Iverson is currently an assistant professor in the 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2008,36(2):176-199
Knowing is an enacted, communicated process that is difficult to observe, let alone manage, in organizations. Communities of practice (CoPs) offer a productive solution for improving knowledge and knowledge management, but the communicative processes that enact CoPs have not been explored, leaving CoPs as an organizational black box. This research extends CoP theory as a means to determine the presence of a CoP and distinguish between various CoPs, and as a practical means to evaluate the communicative processes of organizational knowledge. CoPs enact the communicative nature of knowing through the elements of mutual engagement, negotiation of a joint enterprise, and shared repertoire. Specifically, two groups of volunteers are examined through a combination of participation, observation, and interviews in order to explore CoP theory as a dynamic system for examining and evaluating organizational knowledge. 相似文献
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Research Findings: Temperament, often defined in terms of reactive and regulatory tendencies, has been shown to predict child outcomes over and above other risk factors and represents a critical aspect of social-emotional development. The present article is a systematic review of temperament-based interventions targeting caregivers, wherein the aim is to inform caregivers about temperament in an effort to influence a variety of outcomes, such as goodness of fit, parenting stress, achievement, and behavior problems. In total, 13 randomized and nonrandomized trials were reviewed, with promising outcomes. Temperament-driven interventions have demonstrated the capacity to increase parental knowledge of temperament, reduce behavior problems, improve math and reading achievement, create more positive teacher–child relationships, and reduce numbers of medical visits. Caregivers report satisfaction with and usefulness of the interventions, which suggests promise for future application of temperament-based approaches. Temperament-driven interventions can be leveraged to improve multiple developmental outcomes, especially in early childhood, and are useful for both teachers and parents. Practice or Policy: Implications of temperament-based interventions for early childhood educators are discussed, as are limitations and future directions. 相似文献
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Deanna D. Sellnow Joel Iverson Timothy L. Sellnow 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2017,45(2):121-139
The scientific community of earthquake experts has long grappled with how to communicate earthquake probabilities successfully to non-scientific publics. Perhaps most central to their concern is the widely held belief that scientists can actually predict earthquakes when, in fact, they cannot. The potential consequences of this miscommunication problem were appallingly realized as a result of the 6 April 2009 earthquake in L’Aquila, Italy. Failed risk communication among scientists, a public official, and L’Aquila residents prior to the earthquake resulted in 309 deaths, 1500 injuries, and 65,000 people displaced from their homes, as well as the sentencing of six scientists and one public official to six years in prison for manslaughter. This paper examines how and why the L’Aquila Earthquake communication crisis ultimately redefined the international scientific earthquake community of practice and its discourse beyond that of community resilience to organizational learning and renewal. 相似文献
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We propose a framework for evaluating the degree of authenticity of instructional tasks used within a teacher education program. First, we provide a defense for authenticity as an exemplary aspect of education. Second, we synthesize the theoretical literature on authenticity into conceptual codes. Using these codes, we build our authenticity framework around five criteria: the instructional task (1) is routinely performed by teachers, (2) involves students in a classroom, (3) promotes knowledge of practice, (4) involves self-reflection, and (5) serves formative purposes. We then discuss potential applications of our framework for the individual teacher educator and for program evaluation. 相似文献
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Becoming “Effective” Citizens? Change-Oriented Service in a Teacher Education Program 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The authors investigated the impact of 22 pre-service teachers’ participation in a change-oriented service-learning project
on their conceptions of citizenship as civic actors and civic educators. The goal of this project was to push students toward
adopting more critically conscious and activist conceptions of citizenship as aligned with the needs of a democratic society.
Using Eyler and Giles’ (1999) typology of effective citizenship as an analytic framework, we describe how students’ participation
in this project led to demonstrated growth along all five dimensions of effective citizenship. Yet, analysis revealed that,
despite the project’s change-orientation, students’ conceptions of citizenship failed to move beyond personal responsibility
to include enhanced social consciousness and the importance of collective action. Thus, we raise critical questions about
what constitutes “effective citizenship” in a democratic society and the role of higher education in preparing teachers to
embody and enact such a vision. 相似文献
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Sweat lactate reflects eccrine gland metabolism. However, the metabolic tendencies of eccrine glands in a hot versus thermoneutral environment are not well understood. Sixteen male volunteers completed a maximal cycling trial and two 60-min cycling trials [30°C?=?30±1°C and 18°C?=?18±1°C wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT)]. The participants were requested to maintain a cadence of 60 rev?·?min?1 with the intensity individualized at ～ 90% of the ventilatory threshold. Sweat samples at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60?min were analysed for lactate concentration. Sweat rate at 30°C (1380±325?ml?·?h?1) was significantly greater (P<0.05) than at 18°C (632±311?ml?·?h?1). Sweat lactate concentration was significantly greater (P<0.05) at each time point during the 18°C trial, with values between trials tending to converge across time. During the 30°C trial, both heart rate (20, 30, 40, 50 and 60?min) and rectal temperature (30, 40, 50 and 60?min) were significantly higher than in the 18°C trial. Higher sweat lactate concentrations coupled with lower sweat rates may indicate a greater relative contribution of oxygen-independent metabolism within eccrine glands during exercise at 18°C. Decreases in sweat lactate concentration across time suggest either greater dilution due to greater sweat volume or increased reliance on aerobic metabolism within eccrine glands. The convergence of lactate concentrations between trials may indicate that time-dependent modifications in sweat gland metabolism occur at different rates contingent partially on environmental conditions. 相似文献
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A model illustrating the relationship between mentoring and job competency was developed and tested in a sample of 82 members of a local chapter of a national association for training and development professionals. Human capital was conceptualized in terms of job competency attainment and social capital in terms of mentoring and protégé relationships. A series of hierarchical regression analyses were run to test the path model. Although a positive relationship was found between acting as a protégé and job satisfaction, acting as a mentor had a negative relationship with income. The results showed a strong relationship between career competence and income, promotion, job satisfaction and career choice satisfaction. For training and development professionals, job competency is the key factor in their career success. 相似文献
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Positive Affectivity and Fear Trajectories in Infancy: Contributions of Mother–Child Interaction Factors 
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下载免费PDF全文 Fear and positive emotionality were considered in a growth modeling context. Mothers, primarily Caucasian (91.9%) and of middle socioeconomic status, participated in play interactions with infants at 4 months (N = 148). Infant fear and positive affectivity were evaluated at 6, 8, 10, and 12 months of age. A linear trajectory was superior in explaining growth for parent report and observation‐based indicators of positive affectivity and parent report of fearfulness; a piecewise model explained the nonlinear growth of observation‐based fear. Responsiveness in mother–infant interactions emerged as a significant predictor of the fear trajectory, with higher sensitivity predicting lower levels of observed fear. Reciprocity, tempo, emotional tone, and intensity of mother–infant interactions also made significant contributions to temperament development; however, analyses addressing these were exploratory. 相似文献